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Africa
continent, geographic location, geographic region
Part ofOstfeste, Earth, Afro-Eurasia, Afro-Asia Edit
Located in/on physical featureNorthern hemisphere, Southern Hemisphere Edit
Coordinate location21°5′38″N 7°11′17″E Edit
Highest pointMount Kibo Edit
Lowest pointAfar Triangle Edit
Owner ofInternational Council of African Museums Edit
Dey share bother plusEurasia, Asia Edit
Studied inAfrican studies, Africana studies Edit
Geography of topicgeography of Africa Edit
History of topichistory of Africa Edit
Economy of topiceconomy of Africa Edit
Demographics of topicdemographics of Africa Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC26272 Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Africa Edit
Map

Africa be de world ein second-largest den second-most populous continent afta Asia. For about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) wey dey include adjacent islands, edey cover 20% of Earth ein land area den 6% of ein total surface area.[1] Plus 1.4 billion people[2][3] as of 2021, edey account for about 18% of de world ein human population. Africa ein population be de youngest amongst all de continents;[4][5] na de median age insyd 2012 be 19.7, wen na de worldwide median age be 30.4.[6] Despite wide range of natural resources, Africa be de least wealthy continent per capita den second-least wealthy by total wealth, ahead of Oceania. Scholars attribute dis to different factors wey dey include geography, climate, tribalism,[7] colonialism, de Cold War,[8][9] neocolonialism, lack of democracy, den corruption.[7] Despite dis low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion den de large den young population dey make Africa important economic market insyd de broader global context.

De continent be surrounded by de Mediterranean Sea go de north, de Isthmus of Suez den de Red Sea go de northeast, de Indian Ocean go de southeast den de Atlantic Ocean go de west. De continent dey include Madagascar den various archipelagos. Edey contain 54 fully sovereign states dem recognise, eight cities den islands wey be part of non-African states, den two de facto independent states plus limited anaa no recognition. Dis count no dey include Malta den Sicily, wey be geologically part of de African continent. Algeria be Africa ein largest country by area, den Nigeria be ein largest by population. African nations dey cooperate thru de establishment of de African Union, wey be headquartered insyd Addis Ababa.

Africa dey straddle de equator den de prime meridian. Ebe de continent per wey dey stretch from de northern temperate go de southern temperate zones.[10] De majority of de continent den ein countries dey insyd de Northern Hemisphere, plus substantial portion den number of countries insyd de Southern Hemisphere. Most of de continent dey lie insyd de tropics, except for large part of Western Sahara, Algeria, Libya den Egypt, de northern tip of Mauritania, den de entire territories of Morocco, Ceuta, Melilla, den Tunisia wey in turn dey locate above de tropic of Cancer, insyd de northern temperate zone. Insyd de oda extreme of de continent, southern Namibia, southern Botswana, great parts of South Africa, de entire territories of Lesotho den Eswatini den de southern tips of Mozambique den Madagascar dey locate below de tropic of Capricorn, insyd de southern temperate zone.

Economy

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For sam recently analysis dem publish wey dey base for World Values Survey data top, de Austrian political scientist Arno Tausch maintain say several African countries, most notably Ghana, perform quite well for scales of mass support top for democracy den de market economy.[11]

Rank Country GDP (nominal, Peak Year)

millions of USD

Peak Year
— African Union 2,945,709 2022
1 Nigeria 568,499 2014
2 Egypt 476,748 2022
3 South Africa 458,708 2011
4 Algeria 224,107 2023
5 Ethiopia 155,804 2023
6 Morocco 147,343 2023
7 Angola 145,712 2014
8 Kenya 113,701 2022
9 Libya 92,542 2012
10 Tanzania 84,033 2023
Rank Country GDP (PPP, Peak Year)

millions of USD

Peak Year
— African Union 8,865,179 2023
1 Egypt 1,809,425 2023
2 Nigeria 1,365,903 2023
3 South Africa 997,444 2023
4 Algeria 628,990 2023
5 Ethiopia 393,297 2023
6 Morocco 385,337 2023
7 Kenya 338,964 2023
8 Angola 260,323 2023
9 Tanzania 227,725 2023
10 Ghana 227,189 2023

Alternative Estimates of African Population, 0–2018 AD (insyd thousands)

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Source: Maddison den odas. (University of Groningen).[12]

Year[12] 0 1000 1500 1600 1700 1820 1870 1913 1950 1973 1998 2018 2100

(dem project)

Africa 16 500 33 000 46 000 55 000 61 000 74 208 90 466 124 697 228 342 387 645 759 954 1 321 000[13] 3 924 421[14]
World 230 820 268 273 437 818 555 828 603 410 1 041 092 1 270 014 1 791 020 2 524 531 3 913 482 5 907 680 7 500 000[15] 10 349 323[14]

Shares of Africa den World Population, 0–2020 AD (% of world total)

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Source: Maddison den odas (University of Groningen).

Year[12] 0 1000 1500 1600 1700 1820 1870 1913 1950 1973 1998 2020 2100

(dem project)

Africa 7.1 12.3 10.5 9.9 10.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 9.0 9.9 12.9 18.2[13] 39.4[16]

Territories den regions

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Dem categorize de countries insyd dis table according to de scheme for geographic subregions de United Nations dey use, den data dem include be per sources insyd cross-referenced articles. Wer dem dey differ, dem clearly indicate provisos.

Arms Flag Name of region den

territory, plus flag

Area

(km2)

Population[17] Year Density

(per km2)

Capital Name(s) for official language(s) insyd ISO 3166-1
North Africa
Algeria 2,381,740 46,731,000 2022 17.7 Algiers الجزائر (al-Jazāʾir)/Algérie DZA
Canary Islands (Spain) 7,492 2,154,905 2017 226 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,

Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Canarias IC
Pelagie Islands (Italy) 25.5 6,556 2019 247 Lampedusa Pelagie/Isole Pelagie/Ìsuli Pilaggî ITA
Ceuta (Spain) 20 85,107 2017 3,575 — Ceuta/Sebta/سَبْتَة (Sabtah) EA
Egypt 1,001,450 82,868,000 2012 83 Cairo مِصر (Miṣr) EGY
Libya 1,759,540 6,310,434 2009 4 Tripoli ليبيا (Lībiyā) LBY
Madeira (Portugal) 797 245,000 2001 307 Funchal Madeira PRT-30
Melilla (Spain) 12 85,116 2017 5,534 — Melilla/Mlilt/مليلية EA
Morocco 446,550 35,740,000 2017 78 Rabat المغرب (al-maḡrib)/ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ (lmeɣrib)/Maroc MAR
Sudan 1,861,484 30,894,000 2008 17 Khartoum Sudan/السودان (as-Sūdān) SDN
Tunisia 163,610 10,486,339 2009 64 Tunis تونس (Tūnis)/Tunest/Tunisie TUN
Western Sahara 266,000 405,210 2009 2 El Aaiún الصحراء الغربية (aṣ-Ṣaḥrā' al-Gharbiyyah)/Taneẓroft Tutrimt/Sáhara Occidental ESH
East Africa
Burundi 27,830 8,988,091 2009 323 Gitega Uburundi/Burundi/Burundi BDI
Comoros 2,170 752,438 2009 347 Moroni Komori/Comores/جزر القمر (Juzur al-Qumur) COM
Djibouti 23,000 828,324 2015 22 Djibouti Yibuuti/جيبوتي (Jībūtī/Djibouti/Jabuuti) DJI
Eritrea 121,320 5,647,168 2009 47 Asmara Eritrea ERI
Ethiopia 1,127,127 84,320,987 2012 75 Addis Ababa ኢትዮጵያ (Ītyōṗṗyā)/Itiyoophiyaa/ኢትዮጵያ/Itoophiyaa/Itoobiya/ኢትዮጵያ ETH
French Southern Territories (France) 439,781 100 2019 — Saint Pierre Terres australes et antarctiques françaises FRA-TF
Kenya 582,650 39,002,772 2009 66 Nairobi Kenya KEN
Madagascar 587,040 20,653,556 2009 35 Antananarivo Madagasikara/Madagascar MDG
Malawi 118,480 14,268,711 2009 120 Lilongwe Malaŵi/Malaŵi MWI
Mauritius 2,040 1,284,264 2009 630 Port Louis Mauritius/Maurice/Moris MUS
Mayotte (France) 374 223,765 2009 490 Mamoudzou Mayotte/Maore/Maiôty MYT
Mozambique 801,590 21,669,278 2009 27 Maputo Moçambique/Mozambiki/Msumbiji/Muzambhiki MOZ
Réunion (France) 2,512 743,981 2002 296 Saint Denis La Réunion FRA-RE
Rwanda 26,338 10,473,282 2009 398 Kigali Rwanda RWA
Seychelles 455 87,476 2009 192 Victoria Seychelles/Sesel SYC
Somalia 637,657 9,832,017 2009 15 Mogadishu 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖 (Soomaaliya) /الصومال (aṣ-Ṣūmāl) SOM
Somaliland 176,120 5,708,180 2021 25 Hargeisa Soomaaliland/صوماليلاند (Ṣūmālīlānd)
South Sudan 619,745 8,260,490 2008 13 Juba South Sudan SSD
Tanzania 945,087 44,929,002 2009 43 Dodoma Tanzania/Tanzania TZA
Uganda 236,040 32,369,558 2009 137 Kampala Uganda/Yuganda UGA
Zambia 752,614 11,862,740 2009 16 Lusaka Zambia ZMB
Zimbabwe 390,580 11,392,629 2009 29 Harare Zimbabwe ZWE
Central Africa
Angola 1,246,700 12,799,293 2009 10 Luanda Angola AGO
Cameroon 475,440 18,879,301 2009 40 Yaoundé Cameroun/Kamerun CMR
Central African Republic 622,984 4,511,488 2009 7 Bangui Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka/République centrafricaine CAF
Chad 1,284,000 10,329,208 2009 8 N'Djamena تشاد (Tšād/Tchad) TCD
Republic of the Congo 342,000 4,012,809 2009 12 Brazzaville Congo/Kôngo/Kongó COG
Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,345,410 69,575,000 2012 30 Kinshasa République démocratique du Congo COD
Equatorial Guinea 28,051 633,441 2009 23 Malabo Guinea Ecuatorial/Guinée Équatoriale/Guiné Equatorial GNQ
Gabon 267,667 1,514,993 2009 6 Libreville gabonaise GAB
São Tomé and Príncipe 1,001 212,679 2009 212 São Tomé São Tomé e Príncipe STP
Southern Africa
Botswana 600,370 1,990,876 2009 3 Gaborone Botswana/Botswana BWA
Eswatini 17,363 1,123,913 2009 65 Mbabane eSwatini/Eswatini SWZ
Lesotho 30,355 2,130,819 2009 70 Maseru Lesotho/Lesotho LSO
Namibia 825,418 2,108,665 2009 3 Windhoek Namibia NAM
South Africa 1,219,912 51,770,560 2011 42 Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Pretoria yaseNingizimu Afrika/yoMzantsi-Afrika/Suid-Afrika/Afrika-Borwa/Aforika Borwa/Afrika Borwa/Afrika Dzonga/yeNingizimu Afrika/Afurika Tshipembe/yeSewula Afrika ZAF
West Africa
Benin 112,620 8,791,832 2009 78 Porto-Novo Bénin BEN
Burkina Faso 274,200 15,746,232 2009 57 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso BFA
Cape Verde 4,033 429,474 2009 107 Praia Cabo Verde/Kabu Verdi CPV
The Gambia 11,300 1,782,893 2009 158 Banjul The Gambia GMB
Ghana 239,460 23,832,495 2009 100 Accra Ghana GHA
Guinea 245,857 10,057,975 2009 41 Conakry Guinée GIN
Guinea-Bissau 36,120 1,533,964 2009 43 Bissau Guiné-Bissau GNB
Ivory Coast 322,460 20,617,068 2009 64 Abidjan, Yamoussoukro Côte d'Ivoire CIV
Liberia 111,370 3,441,790 2009 31 Monrovia Liberia LBR
Mali 1,240,000 12,666,987 2009 10 Bamako Mali/Maali/مالي (Mālī)/𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Maali)/ߡߊߟߌ (Mali) MLI
Mauritania 1,030,700 3,129,486 2009 3 Nouakchott موريتانيا (Mūrītānyā) MRT
Niger 1,267,000 15,306,252 2009 12 Niamey Niger NER
Nigeria 923,768 166,629,000 2012 180 Abuja Nigeria NGA
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom) 420 7,728 2012 13 Jamestown Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha SHN
Senegal 196,190 13,711,597 2009 70 Dakar Sénégal SEN
Sierra Leone 71,740 6,440,053 2009 90 Freetown Sierra Leone SLE
Togo 56,785 6,019,877 2009 106 Lomé togolaise TGO
Africa Total 30,368,609 1,001,320,281 2009 33

References

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  1. ↑ Sayre, April Pulley (1999), Africa, Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN. 0-7613-1367-2.
  2. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  3. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  4. ↑ Swanson, Ana (17 August 2015). "5 ways the world will look dramatically different in 2100". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 26 September 2017. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
  5. ↑ Harry, Njideka U. (11 September 2013). "African Youth, Innovation and the Changing Society". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 20 September 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  6. ↑ Janneh, Abdoulie (April 2012). "item, 4 of the provisional agenda – General debate on national experience in population matters: adolescents and youth" (PDF). United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Collier, Paul; Gunning, Jan Willem (1 August 1999). "Why Has Africa Grown Slowly?". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 13 (3): 3–22. doi:10.1257/jep.13.3.3.
  8. ↑ Aemazung, Joy Asongazoh (1 September 2010). "Post-colonial colonialism: an analysis of international factors and actors marring African socio-economic and political development" (PDF). Journal of Pan African Studies. 3 (10): 62–85. S2CID 140806396. Gale A306596751. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  9. ↑ Bayeh, Endalcachew (February 2015). "The political and economic legacy of colonialism in the post-independence African states". International Journal in Commerce, IT & Social Sciences. 2 (2): 89–93. doi:10.4000/poldev.78. S2CID 198939744. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  10. ↑ "Africa. General info". Visual Geography. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2007.
  11. ↑ Tausch, Arno (2018). "Africa on the Maps of Global Values: Comparative Analyses, Based on Recent World Values Survey Data" (PDF). doi:10.2139/ssrn.3214715. S2CID 158596579. SSRN 3214715. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 February 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Maddison (27 July 2016). "Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Africa Population (LIVE)". worldometers.info. Archived from the original on 2 September 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Five key findings from the 2022 UN Population Prospects". Our World in Data. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  15. ↑ "World Population Day: July 11, 2018". United States Census Bureau. 11 July 2018. Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  16. ↑ ANTHONY CILLUFFO; NEIL G. RUIZ (17 June 2019). "World's population is projected to nearly stop growing by the end of the century". Pew Research Center.
  17. ↑ "IDB: Countries Ranked by Population". 28 November 1999. Archived from the original on 28 November 1999.

Sources

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You fi read further

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  • Asante, Molefi (2007). The History of Africa. US: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-77139-9.
  • Clark, J. Desmond (1970). The Prehistory of Africa. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-02069-2.
  • Crowder, Michael (1978). The Story of Nigeria. London: Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-04947-9.
  • Davidson, Basil (1966). The African Past: Chronicles from Antiquity to Modern Times. Harmondsworth: Penguin. OCLC 2016817.
  • Gordon, April A.; Gordon, Donald L. (1996). Understanding Contemporary Africa. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55587-547-3.
  • Khapoya, Vincent B. (1998). The African experience: an introduction. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-745852-3.
  • Moore, Clark D., and Ann Dunbar (1968). Africa Yesterday and Today, in series, The George School Readings on Developing Lands. New York: Praeger Publishers.
  • Naipaul, V.S. The Masque of Africa: Glimpses of African Belief. Picador, 2010. ISBN 978-0-330-47205-0
  • Wade, Lizzie (2015). "Drones and satellites spot lost civilizations in unlikely places". Science. doi:10.1126/science.aaa7864.
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General information

History

Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Africa&oldid=27228"