Amblyopia
| Subclass of | eye disease, visual impairment, disease  |
|---|---|
| Health specialty | ophthalmology, optometry |
| WordLift URL | http://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/amblyopia |
| ICD-9-CM | 368.00 |
| ICPC 2 ID | F99 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C118764 |
Amblyopia, dem sanso call lazy eye, be a disorder of sight insyd wich de brain fail to fully process input from one eye den over time favor de oda eye.[1] E dey result in decreased vision insyd an eye wey typically dey appear normal insyd oda aspects.[1] Amblyopia be de most common cause of decreased vision insyd a single eye among kiddies den younger adults.[1]
De cause of amblyopia fi be any condition wey dey interfere plus focusing during early kiddie time.[1][2] Dis fi occur from poor alignment of de eyes (strabismic), an eye wey be irregularly shaped such dat ein focusing be difficult, one eye wey be more nearsighted anaa farsighted dan de oda (refractive), anaa clouding of de lens of an eye (deprivational).[1] After de underlying cause be addressed, vision no be restored right away, as de mechanism sanso dey involve de brain.[2][3]
Amblyopia fi be difficult to detect, so vision testing be recommended give all kiddies around de ages of four to five[4] as early detection dey improve treatment success.[4] Glasses fi be all de treatment dem need give sam kiddies.[4][5] If dis no be sufficient, treatments wich encourage anaa force de kiddie to use de weaker eye be used.[1] Dem dey do dis by either using a patch anaa putting atropine insyd de stronger eye.[1][6] Widout treatment, amblyopia typically dey persist.[1] Treatment insyd adulthood usually be much less effective.[1]
Amblyopia dey begin by de age of five.[4] Insyd adults, de disorder be estimated to affect 1–5% of de population.[7] While treatment dey improve vision, e no typically dey restore am to normal insyd de affected eye.[4] Na dem first describe amblyopia insyd de 1600s.[8] De condition fi make people ineligible to be pilots anaa police officers.[4] De word amblyopia be from Greek ἀμβλύς amblys, wey dey mean "blunt", den ὤψ ōps, wey dey mean "eye".[9]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Facts About Amblyopia". National Eye Institute. September 2013. Archived from the original on 27 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- 1 2 Schwartz MW (2002). The 5-minute pediatric consult (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-7817-3539-1.
- ↑ Levi DM (November 2013). "Linking assumptions in amblyopia". Visual Neuroscience. 30 (5–6): 277–87. doi:10.1017/S0952523813000023. PMC 5533593. PMID 23879956.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Jefferis JM, Connor AJ, Clarke MP (November 2015). "Amblyopia". BMJ. 351 h5811. doi:10.1136/bmj.h5811. PMID 26563241. S2CID 220101666.
- ↑ Maconachie GD, Gottlob I (December 2015). "The challenges of amblyopia treatment". Biomedical Journal. 38 (6): 510–6. doi:10.1016/j.bj.2015.06.001. PMC 6138377. PMID 27013450.
- ↑ "Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)". National Eye Institute. 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
Putting special eye drops in the stronger eye. A once-a-day drop of the drug atropine can temporarily blur near vision, which forces the brain to use the other eye. For some kids, this treatment works as well as an eye patch, and some parents find it easier to use (for example, because young children may try to pull off eye patches).
- ↑ Webber AL, Wood J (November 2005). "Amblyopia: prevalence, natural history, functional effects and treatment". Clinical & Experimental Optometry. 88 (6): 365–75. doi:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2005.tb05102.x. PMID 16329744. S2CID 39141527.
- ↑ Bianchi PE, Ricciardelli G, Bianchi A, Arbanini A, Fazzi E (2016). "Chapter 2: Visual Development in Childhood". In Fazzi E, Bianchi PE (eds.). Visual Impairments and Developmental Disorders: From diagnosis to rehabilitation Mariani Foundation Paediatric Neurology. John Libbey Eurotext. p. 26. ISBN 978-2-7420-1482-8. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
- ↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary". etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
Read further
[edit | edit source]- Birch EE (March 2013). "Amblyopia and binocular vision". Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (review). 33: 67–84. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.11.001. PMC 3577063. PMID 23201436.
- Daw, Nigel W. (2014). Visual Development (Third ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-1-4614-9058-6.
- Chapter What is Amblyopia? pp. 123–145, doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-9059-3_8,
- Chapter Treatment of Amblyopia pp. 167–180, doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-9059-3_10.
- Stewart CE, Moseley MJ, Fielder AR (September 2011). "Amblyopia therapy: an update". Strabismus. 19 (3): 91–8. doi:10.3109/09273972.2011.600421. PMID 21870912. S2CID 38988992.
- Sengpiel F (September 2014). "Plasticity of the visual cortex and treatment of amblyopia". Current Biology (review). 24 (18): R936 – R940. Bibcode:2014CBio...24.R936S. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.05.063. PMID 25247373.
- Hamm LM, Black J, Dai S, Thompson B (2014). "Global processing in amblyopia: a review". Frontiers in Psychology (review). 5: 583. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00583. PMC 4060804. PMID 24987383.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- National Eye Institute (NEI) Resource Guide
- Lazy Eye Site from the National Health Service, UK
- Look After Your Eyes - patient information on Amblyopia or 'lazy eye' by College of Optometrists
- ESCRS - A New "Ground-Breaking" Treatment for Amblyopia by Eurotimes
