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Antisocial personality disorder

From Wikipedia
antisocial personality disorder
class of disease
Subclass ofCluster B personality disorders, personality disorder, disease Edit
Short nameASPD Edit
Health specialtypsychiatry, psychology Edit
Symptoms and signsanti-social behaviour, fraud, violence, impulsivity, irritability Edit
Possible treatmentpsychotherapy Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentantipsychotics Edit
Described at URLhttps://www.menshealth.com/uk/mental-strength/a65109824/sociopath-traits Edit
ICD-9-CM301.7 Edit
ICPC 2 IDP80 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC88413 Edit

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) be a personality disorder dem define by a chronic pattern of behavior wey dey disregard de rights den well-being of odas. People plus ASPD often dey exhibit behavior wey dey conflict plus social norms, wey dey lead to issues plus interpersonal relationships, employment, den legal matters. De condition generally dey manifest insyd kiddie time anaa early adolescence, plus a high rate of associated conduct problems den a tendency for symptoms to peak insyd late adolescence den early adulthood.

De prognosis for ASPD be complex, plus high variability in outcomes. Individuals plus severe ASPD symptoms fi get difficulty wey dey form stable relationships, dey maintain employment, den dey avoid criminal behavior, wey dey result in higher rates of divorce, unemployment, homelessness, den incarceration. Insyd extreme cases, ASPD fi lead to violent anaa criminal behaviors, often dey escalate insyd early adulthood. Research dey indicate say individuals plus ASPD get an elevated risk of suicide, particularly those wey sanso engage insyd substance misuse anaa dem get a history of incarceration. Additionally, kiddies wey parents plus ASPD raise fi be at greater risk of delinquency den mental health issues demaselves.

Although ASPD be a persistent den often lifelong condition, symptoms fi diminish over time, particularly after age 40, though a small percentage of individuals per dey experience significant improvement. Chaw individuals plus ASPD get co-occurring issues such as substance use disorders, mood disorders, anaa oda personality disorders. Research on pharmacological treatment for ASPD be limited, plus dem no approve medications specifically give de disorder. However, certain psychiatric medications, wey dey include antipsychotics, antidepressants, den mood stabilizers, fi help manage symptoms like aggression den impulsivity insyd sam cases, anaa treat co-occurring disorders.

Na de diagnostic criteria den understanding of ASPD evolve significantly over time. Early diagnostic manuals, such as de DSM-I insyd 1952, describe "sociopathic personality disturbance" as e dey involve a range of antisocial behaviors dem link to societal den environmental factors. Na subsequent editions of de DSM refine de diagnosis, eventually dey distinguish ASPD insyd de DSM-III (1980) plus a more structured checklist of observable behaviors. Current definitions insyd de DSM-5 align plus de clinical description of ASPD as a pattern of disregard for de rights of odas, plus potential overlap insyd traits dem associate plus psychopathy den sociopathy.

Signs den symptoms

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Secof tendencies toward recklessness den impulsivity,[1][2] patients plus ASPD be at a higher risk of drug den alcohol abuse.[3][4][5][6] ASPD be de personality disorder most likely to be associated plus addiction.[7][8][9] Individuals plus ASPD be at a higher risk of illegal drug usage,[10][11] blood-borne diseases, HIV,[12] shorter periods of abstinence, misuse of oral administrations, den compulsive gambling[13][14][15] as a consequence of dema tendency towards addiction.[16] In addition, sufferers be more likely to abuse substances anaa develop an addiction at a young age.[17]

References

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  1. ↑ Semple D, Smyth R, Burns J, Darjee R, McIntosh A (2005). The Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 448–449. ISBN 978-0-19-852783-1.
  2. ↑ Skeem, Jennifer L.; Polaschek, Devon L. L.; Patrick, Christopher J.; Lilienfeld, Scott O. (2011). "Psychopathic Personality". Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 12 (3): 95–162. doi:10.1177/1529100611426706. PMID 26167886. S2CID 8521465.
  3. ↑ Rosenström, Tom; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Ystrom, Eivind; Czajkowski, Nikolai Olavi; Gillespie, Nathan A.; Aggen, Steven H.; Krueger, Robert F.; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted (2018). "Prediction of alcohol use disorder using personality disorder traits: A twin study". Addiction. 113 (1): 15–24. doi:10.1111/add.13951. PMC 5725242. PMID 28734091.
  4. ↑ Widinghoff, Carolina; Berge, Jonas; Wallinius, Märta; Billstedt, Eva; Hofvander, Björn; Håkansson, Anders (2019). "Gambling Disorder in Male Violent Offenders in the Prison System: Psychiatric and Substance-Related Comorbidity". Journal of Gambling Studies. 35 (2): 485–500. doi:10.1007/s10899-018-9785-8. PMC 6517603. PMID 29971589.
  5. ↑ Rizeanu, Steliana (2012). "The specificity of pathological gambling". Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 33: 1082–1086. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.289.
  6. ↑ Falck, Russel S.; Wang, Jichuan; Carlson, Robert G. (2008). "Among long-term crack smokers, who avoids and who succumbs to cocaine addiction?". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 98 (1–2): 24–29. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.004. PMC 2564618. PMID 18499357.
  7. ↑ Van Dongen, Josanne D. M.; Buck, Nicole M. L.; Barendregt, Marko; Van Beveren, Nico M.; De Beurs, Edwin; Van Marle, Hjalmar J. C. (2015). "Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms: Two pathways associated with offending in schizophrenia". Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health. 25 (3): 181–191. doi:10.1002/cbm.1923. PMID 25078287.
  8. ↑ Ma, Chia-Hao; Lin, Kuan-Fu; Chen, Tzu-Ting; Yu, Yu-Fang; Chien, Hui-Fen; Huang, Wei-Lieh (2020). "Specific personality traits and associated psychosocial distresses among individuals with heroin or methamphetamine use disorder in Taiwan". Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. 119 (3): 735–742. doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2019.08.026. PMID 31500938. S2CID 202402587.
  9. ↑ Gil-Miravet, Isis; Fuertes-Saiz, Alejandro; Benito, Ana; Almodóvar, Isabel; Ochoa, Enrique; Haro, Gonzalo (2021). "Prepulse Inhibition in Cocaine Addiction and Dual Pathologies". Brain Sciences. 11 (2): 269. doi:10.3390/brainsci11020269. PMC 7924364. PMID 33672693.
  10. ↑ Yang, Mei; Liao, Yanhui; Wang, Qiang; Chawarski, Marek C.; Hao, Wei (2015). "Profiles of psychiatric disorders among heroin-dependent individuals in Changsha, China". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 149: 272–279. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.028. PMC 4609506. PMID 25680517.
  11. ↑ Chiang, SHU-Chuan; Chan, Hung-YU; Chang, Yuan-Ying; Sun, Hsiao-JU; Chen, WEI J.; Chen, Chih-KEN (2007). "Psychiatric comorbidity and gender difference among treatment-seeking heroin abusers in Taiwan". Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 61 (1): 105–111. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01618.x. PMID 17239047. S2CID 2260942.
  12. ↑ Smith, Rachel V.; Young, April M.; Mullins, Ursula L.; Havens, Jennifer R. (2017). "Individual and Network Correlates of Antisocial Personality Disorder Among Rural Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Users". The Journal of Rural Health. 33 (2): 198–207. doi:10.1111/jrh.12184. PMC 5107178. PMID 27171488.
  13. ↑ Szerman, Nestor; Ferre, Francisco; Basurte-Villamor, Ignacio; Vega, Pablo; Mesias, Beatriz; Marín-Navarrete, Rodrigo; Arango, Celso (2020). "Gambling Dual Disorder: A Dual Disorder and Clinical Neuroscience Perspective". Frontiers in Psychiatry. 11 589155. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.589155. PMC 7732481. PMID 33329137.
  14. ↑ Ortiz-Tallo, M.; Cancino, C.; Cobos, S. (2011). "Pathological gambling, personality patterns and clinical syndromes". Adicciones. 23 (3): 189–197. doi:10.20882/adicciones.143. PMID 21814707.
  15. ↑ Nabi, H.; Kivimaki, M.; Zins, M.; Elovainio, M.; Consoli, S. M.; Cordier, S.; Ducimetiere, P.; Goldberg, M.; Singh-Manoux, A. (2008). "Does personality predict mortality? Results from the GAZEL French prospective cohort study". International Journal of Epidemiology. 37 (2): 386–396. doi:10.1093/ije/dyn013. PMC 2662885. PMID 18263645.
  16. ↑ Sargeant, Marsha N.; Bornovalova, Marina A.; Trotman, Adria J.-M.; Fishman, Shira; Lejuez, Carl W. (2012). "Facets of impulsivity in the relationship between antisocial personality and abstinence". Addictive Behaviors. 37 (3): 293–298. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.11.012. PMC 3270493. PMID 22153489.
  17. ↑ Akçay, Bülent Devrim; Akçay, Duygu (2020). "What are the factors that contribute to aggression in patients with co-occurring antisocial personality disorder and substance abuse?". Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo). 47 (4): 95–100. doi:10.1590/0101-60830000000240. S2CID 225475157.

Read further

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  • Millon T, Davis RD (1998). "Ten Subtypes of Psychopathy". In Millon T (ed.). Psychopathy: Antisocial, Criminal and Violent Behavior. New York, NY: Guilford Press. ISBN 978-1-57230-344-7.
  • Hofer, Paul (1989). "The Role of Manipulation in the Antisocial Personality". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 33 (2): 91–101. doi:10.1177/0306624X8903300202. S2CID 145103240.
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