Anyin language
| Subclass of | Central Tano  |
|---|---|
| Country | Ivory Coast, Ghana |
| Linguistic typology | subject–verb–object |
| Ethnologue language status | 5 Developing |
Anyin, dem sanso know as Agni, Agny, den Anyi, be a Niger-Congo language dem dey speak mainly insyd Côte d'Ivoire den Ghana. E be a Kwa language of de Central Tano branch, wey dey form a dialect continuum plus Baoulé, wey e be closely related to Nzema den Sehwi.[1] Ein dialects, dem divide into Northern den Central dialect areas, dey include Sannvin, Abé, Ano, Bona, Bini, den Barabo insyd de Northern area den Ndenye den Juablin insyd de Central area. Insyd Côte d'Ivoire, der be approximately 1.45 million native speakers of Anyin, along plus 10,000 second-language users; insyd Ghana, der be approximately 66,400 speakers.[2]
Morofo, wey 300,000 dey speak insyd southeastern Côte d'Ivoire, sam times be classified as a dialect of Anyin, buh sanso fi be classified as a separate language.[3]
Phonology
[edit | edit source]Consonants
[edit | edit source]| Labial | Labial-velar | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | kp | t | c | k | |
| voiced | b | gb | d | ɟ | g | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | h | |||
| Approximant | ɥ | w | (l) | j | |||
| Trill | r | ||||||
Vowels
[edit | edit source]| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɪ | ʊ | u |
| Mid | e | ɛ | ɔ | o |
| Open | a | |||
Of dese vowels, five fi be nasalized: /ĩ/, /ɪ̃/, /ã/, /ũ/, and /ʊ̃/.[4]
Tones
[edit | edit source]Anyin get two level tones, high den mid; two contour tones, high-low den low-high; den one neutral tone.[1][4] Tones be distinguished orthographically only to distinguish minimal pairs den grammatical constructions, anaa wen two otherwise identical vowels plus dey differ tones co-occur: cf. ⟨baá⟩ ([bàá], "kiddie") vs. ⟨ba⟩ ([bá], "to arrive", "to come").[1]
Grammar
[edit | edit source]Pronouns
[edit | edit source]Anyin dey use de following pronouns:[5]
| Person | Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | subject | mĩ | jɛ |
| non-subject | mĩ́ | jɛ | |
| 2nd | subject | ɛ | émɔ́ |
| non-subject | wɔ́ | ||
| 3rd | subject | ɔ | bɛ́ |
| non-subject | jí | bɛ́ | |
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 Koffi, Ettien N'da (1990). The interface between phonology and morpho(phono)logy in the standardization of Anyi orthography (PDF) (PhD thesis). Indiana University.
- ↑ "Anyin". Ethnologue (in English). Retrieved 2020-01-03.
- ↑ "Anyin Morofo". Ethnologue (in English). Retrieved 2020-01-03.
- 1 2 Ahua, Mouchi Blaise (2004). Conditions linguistiques pour une orthographe de l’agni: une analyse contrastive des dialectes sanvi et djuablin [Linguistic conditions for an orthography of Agni: a contrastive analysis of the Sanvi and Djuablin dialects] (PhD thesis) (in French). Osnabrück University. urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2005041316.
- ↑ Burmeister, Jonathan (1988). "Personal pronouns in Anyi and related languages". Journal of West African Languages. 18 (2): 83–104. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
