Asthma exacerbation
An asthma exacerbation be a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms.[1] Dis fi include worsening shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, fast breathing, anaa low oxygen.[1] Severe symptoms fi include confusion anaa no sounds of breathing.[1]
Generally exacerbations dey occur insyd people plus known asthma; though, fi occasionally occur as a first presentation.[1] Common triggers dey include viral respiratory infections, exposure to allergens, anaa insufficient use of inhaled steroids.[1] Diagnosis be based on symptoms den fi be supported by forced expiratory volume (FEV1).[1] A chest X-ray no be typically needed.[1]
Initial treatment generally be plus oxygen den a short acting beta agonist (salbutamol).[1] For mild to moderate exacerbations wey dey give dese by metered dose inhaler, dry powder inhalers, den nebulizer be equivalent.[1] Inhaled ipratropium den steroids by mouth often sanso be used.[1] An inhaled steroids for at least 2 to 4 weeks sanso be recommended.[1]
If de above no be effective magnesium sulfate, epinephrine dem inject into a muscle, anaa non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) fi be used.[2] If all else fail intubation fi be carried out.[2] An asthma action plan dey support imitation of treatment by de person demaselves.[1]
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