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Azerbaijan

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Azerbaijan
sovereign state, country
Part ofCaucasus, Post-Soviet states, West Asia Edit
Year dem found am1991 Edit
Official nameAzərbaycan Respublikası Edit
Native labelAzərbaycan Respublikası, Azərbaycan Edit
Short name🇦🇿, Azərbaycan Edit
IPA transcriptionɑsəɾbɑjdˈʂɑːn, ˌæzəɹˈbeɪʒæn, ˌæzəɹbaɪˈʒɑn Edit
Ethnic groupAzerbaijanis, Lezgian people, Russians, Armenians, Talysh people Edit
Official languageAzerbaijani, Azerbaijani Sign Language Edit
AnthemAzərbaycan marşı Edit
Cultureculture of Azerbaijan Edit
ContinentAsia Edit
CountryAzerbaijan Edit
CapitalBaku, Shusha Edit
Located in time zoneUTC+04:00 Edit
Coordinate location40°18′0″N 47°42′0″E Edit
Coordinates of easternmost point40°13′39″N 50°22′14″E Edit
Coordinates of northernmost point41°54′0″N 46°25′12″E Edit
Coordinates of southernmost point38°23′32″N 48°39′45″E Edit
Coordinates of westernmost point39°42′19″N 44°45′53″E Edit
Highest pointMount Bazardüzü Edit
Lowest pointCaspian Sea Edit
Government ein basic formrepublic, unitary state, semi-presidential system Edit
Office held by head of statePresident of Azerbaijan Edit
State ein headIlham Aliyev Edit
Office head of government holdPrime Minister of Azerbaijan Edit
Government ein headAli Asadov Edit
Legislative bodyNational Assembly of Azerbaijan Edit
Central bankCentral Bank of Azerbaijan Edit
Member ofUN Edit
CurrencyAzerbaijani manat Edit
Dey share bother plusArmenia, Iran, Turkey, Russia, Georgia Edit
Driving sideright Edit
Electrical plug typeEuroplug, Schuko Edit
Dey replaceAzerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union Edit
Significant eventQ51070800 Edit
Dema official websitehttp://mfa.gov.az/en Edit
HashtagAzerbaijan Edit
Top-level Internet domain.az Edit
Flagflag of Azerbaijan Edit
Coat of armsemblem of Azerbaijan Edit
Geography of topicgeography of Azerbaijan Edit
Get characteristicnot-free country Edit
History of topichistory of Azerbaijan Edit
Item dem operateEmbassy of Azerbaijan, Vilnius Edit
Railway traffic sideright Edit
Related categoryCategory:Azerbaijan-related lists Edit
Open data portalAzerbaijan open data portal Edit
Economy of topiceconomy of Azerbaijan Edit
Demographics of topicdemographics of Azerbaijan Edit
Mobile country code400 Edit
Country calling code+994 Edit
Trunk prefix8 Edit
Emergency phone number112, 101, 102, 103 Edit
GS1 country code476 Edit
Licence plate codeAZ Edit
Maritime identification digits423 Edit
Unicode character🇦🇿 Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Azerbaijan Edit
Map

Azerbaijan, wey dem dey officially call Republic of Azerbaijan, be one transcontinental den landlocked country wey dey de boundary between West Asia den Eastern Europe.[1] E be part of de South Caucasus region, den e get de Caspian Sea for east, Russia ein Dagestan republic for north, Georgia for northwest, Armenia den Turkey for west, den Iran for south. Baku be de capital den de biggest city.

De area wey now be Azerbaijan, first dem rule am under Caucasian Albania, then later different Persian empires take over. Till de 19th century, e still be part of Qajar Iran, but after de Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 den 1826–1828, de Qajar Empire lose ein Caucasian territories to de Russian Empire; de treaties of Gulistan for 1813 den Turkmenchay for 1828 set de border between Russia den Iran.[2][3] De region north of de Aras River be part of Iran before Russia conquer am for de 19th century,[4][5] den e be part of de Caucasus Viceroyalty.

By de late 19th century, Azerbaijani national identity start emerge, wey for 1918, de Azerbaijan Democratic Republic declare ein independence from de Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, just one year after de Russian Empire collapse. E be de first secular democratic Muslim-majority state. But for 1920, de Soviet Union conquer am den e turn de Azerbaijan SSR.[4][6] De modern Republic of Azerbaijan declare ein independence on 30 August 1991,[7][8] just before de Soviet Union dissolve. For September 1991, de ethnic Armenian majority for Nagorno-Karabakh region declare de self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh,[9] wey e turn de facto independent after de First Nagorno-Karabakh War for 1994, even tho de region den seven surrounding districts still dey internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan.[10][11][12][13] After de Second Nagorno-Karabakh War for 2020, de seven districts plus parts of Nagorno-Karabakh return to Azerbaijani control. [14] For 2023, one Azerbaijani offensive end de Republic of Artsakh den e lead to mass flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians.[15]

Azerbaijan be one unitary semi-presidential republic. E be one of de six independent Turkic states den e be active member of de Organization of Turkic States den de TÜRKSOY community. Azerbaijan get diplomatic relations plus 182 countries den e be member of 38 international organizations,[16] like de United Nations, de Council of Europe, de Non-Aligned Movement, de OSCE, den de NATO PfP program. E be founding member of GUAM, de Commonwealth of Independent States,[17] den de OPCW. Azerbaijan be observer state for de World Trade Organization.

De majority of de country ein population (97%) be nominally[18] Muslim.[19] De Constitution of Azerbaijan no dey declare any official religion, den all de major political forces for de country be secular. Azerbaijan be developing country den e dey rank 89th for de Human Development Index. De ruling New Azerbaijan Party, wey e dey power since 1993, dem accuse am of authoritarianism under presidents Heydar Aliyev den ein son Ilham Aliyev. Dem talk say e dey worsen de country ein human rights record, wey dey including more restrictions on civil liberties, especially press freedom den political repression.[20]

Government den politics

Administrative divisions

Der be 14 economic regions; 66 rayons (rayonlar, singular rayon) den 11 cities (şəhərlər, singular şəhər) under de direct authority of de republic.[21] Moreover, Azerbaijan dey include de Autonomous Republic (muxtar respublika) of Nakhchivan.[18] De Presido of Azerbaijan dey appoint de governors of dese units, while dem dey elect de government of Nakhchivan wey de parliament of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic dey approve am.

  • Baku Economic Region
    • Baku
  • Absheron-Khizi Economic Region
    • Absheron (Abşeron)
    • Khizi (Xızı)
    • Sumgait (Sumqayıt)
  • Central Aran Economic Region
    • Aghdash (Ağdaş)
    • Goychay (Göyçay)
    • Kurdamir (Kürdəmir)
    • Ujar (Ucar)
    • Yevlakh (Yevlax)
    • Yevlakh (Yevlax; city)
    • Zardab (Zərdab)
    • Mingachevir (Mingəçevir)
  • Mil-Mughan Economic Region
    • Beylagan (Beyləqan)
    • Imishli (İmişli)
    • Saatly (Saatlı)
    • Sabirabad (Sabirabad)
  • Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region
    • Bilasuvar (Biləsuvar)
    • Hajigabul (Hacıqabul)
    • Neftchala (Neftçala)
    • Salyan (Salyan)
    • Yevlakh (Yevlax)
    • Shirvan (Şirvan)
  • Mountainous Shirvan economic region
    • Aghsu (Ağsu)
    • Gobustan (Qobustan)
    • Ismayilli (İsmayıllı)
    • Shamakhi (Şamaxı)
  • Ganja-Dashkasan Economic Region
    • Dashkasan (Daşkəsən)
    • Goranboy (Goranboy)
    • Goygol (Göygöl)
    • Samukh (Samux)
    • Ganja (Gəncə)
    • Naftalan (Naftalan)
  • Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region
    • Aghstafa (Ağstafa)
    • Gadabay (Gədəbəy)
    • Gazakh (Qazax)
    • Shamkir (Şəmkir)
    • Tovuz (Tovuz)
  • Guba-Khachmaz Economic Region
    • Guba (Quba)
    • Gusar (Qusar)
    • Khachmaz (Xaçmaz)
    • Shabran (Şabran)
    • Siyazan (Siyəzən)
  • East Zangezur Economic Region
    • Gubadly (Qubadlı)
    • Jabrayil (Cəbrayıl)
    • Kalbajar (Kəlbəcər)
    • Lachin (Laçın)
    • Zangilan (Zəngilan)
  • Lankaran-Astara Economic Region
    • Astara (Astara)
    • Jalilabad (Cəlilabad)
    • Lankaran (Lənkəran)
    • Lerik (Lerik)
    • Masally (Masallı)
    • Yardimli (Yardımlı)
    • Lankaran (Lənkəran; city)
  • Nakhchivan Economic Region
    • Babek (Babək)
    • Julfa (Culfa)
    • Kangarli (Kəngərli)
    • Ordubad (Ordubad)
    • Sadarak (Sədərək)
    • Shahbuz (Şahbuz)
    • Sharur (Şərur)
    • Nakhchivan (Naxçıvan)
  • Shaki-Zagatala Economic Region
    • Balakan (Balakən)
    • Gabala (Qəbələ)
    • Gakh (Qax)
    • Oghuz (Oğuz)
    • Shaki (Şəki)
    • Zagatala (Zaqatala)
    • Shaki (Şəki; city)
  • Karabakh Economic Region
    • Aghjabadi (Ağcabədi)
    • Barda (Bərdə)
    • Aghdam (Ağdam)
    • Fuzuli (Füzuli)
    • Khojaly (Xocalı)
    • Khojavend (Xocavənd)
    • Shusha (Şuşa)
    • Tartar (Tərtər)
    • Khankendi (Xankəndi)

Demographics

Largest cities anaa towns insyd Azerbaijan

2013 Demographic statistics according to de administrative divisions, Azerbaijan State Statistics Committee

Rank Name Economic regions Pop. Rank Name Economic regions Pop.
1 Baku Absheron 2,150,800 11 Khachmaz Guba-Khachmaz 64,800
2 Sumgait Absheron 325,200 12 Aghdam Upper Karabakh 59,800
3 Ganja Ganja-Qazakh 323,000 13 Jalilabad Lankaran 56,400
4 Mingachevir Aran 99,700 14 Khankandi Upper Karabakh 55,100
5 Lankaran Lankaran 85,300 15 Agjabadi Aran 46,900
6 Shirvan Aran 80,900 16 Shamakhi Daglig-Shirvan 43,700
7 Nakhchivan Nakhchivan 78,300 17 Fuzuli Upper Karabakh 42,000
8 Shamkir Ganja-Qazakh 69,600 18 Salyan Aran 37,000
9 Shaki Shaki-Zaqatala 66,400 19 Barda Aran 38,600
10 Yevlakh Aran 66,300 20 Neftchala Aran 38,200

Ethnicity

De ethnic composition of de population according to de 2009 population census: 91.6% Azerbaijanis, 2.0% Lezgins, 1.4% Armenians (almost all Armenians dey live insyd de break-away region of Nagorno-Karabakh), 1.3% Russians, 1.3% Talysh, 0.6% Avars, 0.4% Turkish people, 0.3% Tatars, 0.3% Tats, 0.2% Ukrainians, 0.1% Tsakhurs, 0.1% Georgians, 0.1% Jews, 0.1% Kurds, oda 0.2%.[22]

References

  1. ↑ While often politically aligned with Europe, Azerbaijan is generally considered to be at least mostly in Southwest Asia geographically with its northern part bisected by the standard Asia–Europe divide, the Greater Caucasus. The United Nations classification of world regions Archived 17 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine places Azerbaijan in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook places it mostly in Southwest Asia [1] Archived 27 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine and Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Archived 9 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine places it in both; NationalGeographic.com Archived 24 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, and Encyclopædia Britannica Archived 29 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine also place Georgia in Asia. Conversely, some sources place Azerbaijan in Europe such as Worldatlas.com Archived 15 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ↑ Harcave, Sidney (1968). Russia: A History (6th ed.). Lippincott. p. 267.
  3. ↑ Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (2007). Boundary Politics and International Boundaries of Iran: A Study of the Origin, Evolution, and Implications of the Boundaries of Modern Iran with Its 15 Neighbors in the Middle East by a Number of Renowned Experts in the Field. Universal. p. 372. ISBN 978-1-58112-933-5.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Swietochowski, Tadeusz (1995). Russia and Azerbaijan: A Borderland in Transition. Columbia University Press. pp. 69, 133. ISBN 978-0-231-07068-3.
  5. ↑ L. Batalden, Sandra (1997). The newly independent states of Eurasia: handbook of former Soviet republics. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 98. ISBN 978-0-89774-940-4.
  6. ↑ Pipes, Richard (1997). The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationalism 1917–1923 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 218–220, 229. ISBN 978-0-674-30951-7.
  7. ↑ "Азербайджан. Восстановлена государственная независимость". Ельцин Центр (in Russian). Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
  8. ↑ King, David C. (2006). Azerbaijan. Marshall Cavendish. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7614-2011-8.
  9. ↑ Zürcher, Christoph (2007). The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus ([Online-Ausg.]. ed.). New York: New York University Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-0-8147-9709-9.
  10. ↑ Резолюция СБ ООН № 822 от 30 April 1993 года (in Russian). United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  11. ↑ Резолюция СБ ООН № 853 от 29 июля 1993 года (in Russian). United Nations. Archived from the original on 21 January 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  12. ↑ Резолюция СБ ООН № 874 14 октября 1993 года (in Russian). United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  13. ↑ Резолюция СБ ООН № 884 от 12 ноября 1993 года (in Russian). United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  14. ↑ Kramer, Andrew E. (10 November 2020). "Facing Military Debacle, Armenia Accepts a Deal in Nagorno-Karabakh War". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2020-11-10.
  15. ↑ Ebel, Francesca (28 September 2023). "Defeated by force, Nagorno-Karabakh government declares it will dissolve". The Washington Post. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  16. ↑ "Azerbaijan: Membership of international groupings/organisations". British Foreign & Commonwealth Office. Archived from the original on 9 June 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2007.
  17. ↑ Europa Publications Limited (1998). Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Routledge. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-85743-058-5.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Azerbaijan". The World Factbook (2025 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 8 May 2022. (Archived 2022 edition.)
  19. ↑ Cornell, Svante E. (2010). Azerbaijan Since Independence. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 165, 284. Indicative of general regional trends and a natural reemergence of previously oppressed religious identity, an increasingly popular ideological basis for the pursuit of political objectives has been Islam.... The government, for its part, has shown an official commitment to Islam by building mosques and respecting Islamic values... Unofficial Islamic groups sought to use aspects of Islam to mobilize the population and establish the foundations for a future political struggle.... Unlike Turkey, Azerbaijan does not have the powerful ideological legacy of secularism... the conflict with Armenia has bred frustration that is increasingly being answered by a combined Islamic and nationalist sentiment, especially among younger people... All major political forces are committed to secularism and are based, if anything, on a nationalist agenda.
  20. ↑ "Human Rights Watch: Azerbaijan". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 17 February 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2014.
  21. ↑ "The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Administrative and territorial units of Azerbaijan Republic". Azstat.org. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  22. ↑ "The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan". web.archive.org. 2013-11-10. Retrieved 2025-03-09.

Read further

  • Altstadt, Audrey. Frustrated Democracy in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan (2018)
  • Broers, Broers Laurence. Armenia and Azerbaijan: Anatomy of a rivalry (Edinburgh University Press, 2019).
  • Cornell, Svante E. Azerbaijan since independence (Routledge, 2015).
  • Dragadze, Tamara. "Islam in Azerbaijan: The Position of Women" in Muslim Women's Choices (Routledge, 2020) pp. 152–163.
  • Elliott, Mark. Azerbaijan with Georgia (Trailblazers Publications, 1999).
  • Ergun, Ayça. "Citizenship, National Identity, and Nation-Building in Azerbaijan: Between the Legacy of the Past and the Spirit of Independence." Nationalities Papers (2021): 1–18. online
  • Goltz, Thomas. Azerbaijan Diary : A Rogue Reporter's Adventures in an Oil-Rich, War-Torn, Post-Soviet Republic. M E Sharpe (1998). ISBN 978-0-7656-0244-2
  • Habibov, Nazim, Betty Jo Barrett, and Elena Chernyak. "Understanding women's empowerment and its determinants in post-communist countries: Results of Azerbaijan national survey." Women's Studies International Forum. Vol. 62. Pergamon, 2017.
  • Olukbasi, Suha. Azerbaijan: A Political History. I.B. Tauris (2011). Focus on post-Soviet era.

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