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Azithromycin

From Wikipedia
azithromycin
type of chemical entity
Subclass ofmacrolides, alkaloid Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Chemical formulaC₃₈H₇₂N₂O₁₂ Edit
Canonical SMILESCCC1C(C(C(N(CC(CC(C(C(C(C(C(=O)O1)C)OC2CC(C(C(O2)C)O)(C)OC)C)OC3C(C(CC(O3)C)N(C)C)O)(C)O)C)C)C)O)(C)O Edit
Isomeric SMILESCC[C@@H]1[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H](N(C[C@@H](C[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)O1)C)O[C@H]2C[C@@]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)C)O)(C)OC)C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@H](O3)C)N(C)C)O)(C)O)C)C)C)O)(C)O Edit
Physically dey interact plusMotilin receptor Edit
Legal status (medicine)boxed warning Edit
Pregnancy categoryAustralian pregnancy category B1, US pregnancy category B Edit
LiverTox likelihood scoreLiverTox toxicity likelihood category A Edit
ManufacturerPfizer Edit
Subject has roleprotein synthesis inhibitor, antibiotic, essential medicine, bactericide Edit
WHO Aware Classificationwatch Edit

Azithromycin, dem sell under de brand names Zithromax (insyd oral form) den Azasite (as an eye drop), be an antibiotic medication dem use for de treatment of several bacterial infections.[1] Dis dey include middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, traveler's diarrhea, STI den certain oda intestinal infections.[1] Along plus oda medications, e sanso fi be used for malaria.[1] Dem dey administer am by mouth, into a vein, anaa into de eye.[1]

Common side effects dey include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea den upset stomach.[1] An allergic reaction, such as anaphylaxis, anaa a type of diarrhea wey Clostridioides difficile cause be possible.[1] Azithromycin dey cause QT prolongation wey fi cause life-threatening arrhythmias such as torsades de pointes.[2] While sam studies dey claim say na dem find no harm plus ein use during pregnancy,[1] na more recent studies plus mice during late pregnancy show adverse effects on embryonic testicular den neural development of prenatal azithromycin exposure (PAzE). However, der need to be more well-controlled studies insyd pregnant women.[3] Ein safety during breastfeeding no be confirmed, but e be likely safe.[4] Azithromycin be an azalide, a type of macrolide antibiotic.[1] E dey work by decreasing de production of protein, thereby dey stop bacterial growth.[1][5]

Na dem discover azithromycin insyd Croatia insyd 1980 by de pharmaceutical company Pliva wey dem approve am for medical use insyd 1988.[6][7] E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] De World Health Organization dem list am as an example under "Macrolides and ketolides" insyd ein Critically Important Antimicrobials for Human Medicine (dem design to help manage antimicrobial resistance).[9] E be available as a generic medication[10] wey dem sell am under chaw brand names worldwide.[11] Insyd 2023, na e be de 64th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 10 million prescriptions.[12][13]

Bacterial susceptibility

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Aerobic den facultative Gram-positive microorganisms

  • Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin-sensitive per)
  • Streptococcus agalactiae
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Streptococcus pyogenes

Aerobic den facultative anaerobic Gram-negative microorganisms

  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Haemophilus ducreyi
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Legionella pneumophila
  • Moraxella catarrhalis
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Anaerobic microorganisms

  • Peptostreptococcus species
  • Prevotella bivia

Oda microorganisms

  • Chlamydia trachomatis
  • Chlamydophila pneumoniae
  • Mycoplasma genitalium
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  • Ureaplasma urealyticum

Brand names

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Brand name listings

Dem dey sell am under chaw brand names worldwide wey dey include 3-Micina, A Sai Qi, Abacten, Abbott, Acex, Acithroc, Actazith, Agitro, Ai Mi Qi, Amixef, Amizin, Amovin, An Mei Qin, Ao Li Ping, Apotex, Lebanon, Aratro, Aruzilina, Arzomicin, Arzomidol, Asizith, Asomin, Astidal, Astro, Athofix, Athxin, Atizor, Atromizin, Avalon, AZ, AZA, Azacid, Azadose, Azalid, Azalide, AzaSite, Azaroth, Azath, Azatril, Azatril, Azax, Azee, Azeecor, Azeeta, Azelide, Azeltin, Azenil, Azeptin, Azerkym, Azi, Aziact, Azibact, Azibactron, Azibay, Azibect, Azibest, Azibiot, Azibiotic, Azicare, Azicin, Azicine, Aziclass, Azicom, Azicure, Azid, Azidose, Azidraw, Azifam, Azifarm, Azifast, Azifine, Aziflax, Azigen, Azigram, Azigreat, Azikare, Azilide, Azilife, Azilip, Azilup, Azimac, Azimax, Azimed, Azimepha, Azimex, Azimit, Azimix, Azimon, Azimore, Azimycin, Azimycine, Azin, Azindamon, Azinew, Azinex, Azinif, Azinil, Azintra, Aziom, Azipar, Aziped, Aziphar, Azipin, Aziplex, Azipro, Aziprome, Aziquilab, Azirace, Aziram, Aziresp, Aziride, Azirol, Azirom, Azirox, Azirute, Azirutec, Aziset, Azisis, Azison, Azissel, Aziswift, Azit, Azita, Azitam, Azitex, Azith, Azithral, Azithrin, Azithro, Azithrobeta, Azithrocin, Azithrocine, Azithromax, Azithromed, Azithromicina, Azithromycin, Azithromycine, Azithromycinum, Azithrovid, Azitic, Azitive, Azitome, Azitrac, Azitral, Azitrax, Azitredil, Azitrex, Azitrim, Azitrin, Azitrix, Azitro, Azitrobac, Azitrocin, Azitroerre, Azitrogal, Azitrolabsa, Azitrolid, Azitrolit, Azitrom, Azitromac, Azitromax, Azitromek, Azitromicin, Azitromicina, Azitromycin, Azitromycine, Azitrona, Azitropharma, Azitroteg, Azitrox, Azitsa, Azitus, Azivar, Azivirus, Aziwill, Aziwok, Azix, Azizox, Azmycin, Azo, Azobat, Azocin, Azoget, Azoheim, Azoksin, Azom, Azomac, Azomax, Azomex, Azomycin, Azomyne, Azores, Azorox, Azostar, Azot, Azoxin, Azras, Azro, Azrocin, Azrolid, Azromax, Azroplax, Azrosin, Aztin, Aztrin, Aztro, Aztrogecin, Azvig, Azycin, Azycyna, Azydrop, Azypin, Azytact, Azytan, Azyter, Azyter, Azyth, Azywell, Azza, Ba Qi, Bactaway, Bactizith, Bactrazol, Bai Ke De Rui, Batif, Bazyt, Bezanin, Bin Qi, Binozyt, BinQi, Biocine, Biozit, Bo Kang, Canbiox, Cetaxim, Charyn, Chen Yu, Cinalid, Cinetrin, Clamelle, Clearsing, Corzi, Cozith, Cronopen, Curazith, Delzosin, Demquin, Dentazit, Disithrom, Doromax, Doyle, Elzithro, Eniz, Epica, Ethrimax, Ezith, Fabodrox, Fabramicina, Feng Da Qi, Figothrom, Floctil, Flumax, Fu Qi-Hua Yuan, Fu Rui Xin, Fuqixing, Fuxin-Hai Xin Pharm, Geozif, Geozit, Gitro, Goldamycin, Gramac, Gramokil, Hemomicin, Hemomycin, I-Thro, Ilozin, Imexa, Inedol, Infectomycin, Iramicina, Itha, Jin Nuo, Jin Pai Qi, Jinbo, Jun Jie, Jun Wei Qing, Kai Qi, Kang Li Jian, Kang Qi, Katrozax, Ke Lin Da, Ke Yan Li, Koptin, Kuai Yu, L-Thro, Laz, Legar, Lg-Thral, Li Ke Si, Li Li Xing, Li Qi, Li Quan Yu, Lin Bi, Lipuqi, Lipuxin, Lizhu Qile, Loromycin, Lu Jia Kang, Luo Bei Er, Luo Qi, Maazi, Macroazi, Macromax, Macrozit, Maczith, Makromicin, Maxmor, Mazit, Mazitrom, Medimacrol, Meithromax, Mezatrin, Ming Qi Xin, Misultina, Mycinplus, Na Qi, Nadymax, Naxocina, Neblic, Nemezid, Neofarmiz, Nifostin, Nobaxin, Nokar, Novatrex, Novozithron, Novozitron, Nurox, Odaz, Odazyth, Onzet, Oranex, Oranex, Ordipha, Orobiotic, Pai Fen, Pai Fu, Paiqi, Pediazith, Pi Nis, Portex, Pu He, Pu Le Qi, Pu Yang, Qi Gu Mei, Qi Mai Xing, Qi Nuo, Qi Tai, Qi Xian, Qili, Qiyue, Rarpezit, Razimax, Razithro, Rezan, Ribotrex, Ribozith, Ricilina, Rizcin, Romax, Romycin, Rothin (Rakaposhi), Rozalid, Rozith, Ru Shuang Qi, Rui Qi, Rui Qi Lin, Rulide, Sai Jin Sha, Sai Le Xin, Sai Qi, Santroma, Selimax, Sheng Nuo Ling, Shu Luo Kang, Simpli-3, Sisocin, Sitrox, Sohomac, Stromac, Su Shuang, Sumamed, Sumamox, Tailite, Talcilina, Tanezox, Te Li Xin, Tetris, Texis, Thoraxx, Throin, Thromaxin, Tong Tai Qi Li, Topt, Toraseptol, Tremac, Trex, Tri Azit, Triamid, Tridosil, Trimelin, Tritab, Tromiatlas, Tromix, Trozamil, Trozin, Trozocina, Trulimax, Tuoqi, Udox, Ultreon, Ultreon, Vectocilina, Vinzam, Visag, Vizicin, Wei Li Qinga, Wei Lu De, Wei Zong, Weihong, Xerexomair, Xi Le Xin, Xi Mei, Xin Da Kang, Xin Pu Rui, Xithrone, Ya Rui, Yan Sha, Yanic, Yi Nuo Da, Yi Song, Yi Xina, Yin Pei Kang, Yong Qi, You Ni Ke, Yu Qi, Z-3, Z-PAK, Zady, Zaiqi, Zaret, Zarom, Zathrin, Zedbac, Zeelide, Zeemide, Zenith, Zentavion, Zetamac, Zetamax, Zeto, Zetron, Zevlen, Zibramax, Zicho, Zigilex, Zikrax, Zikti, Zimacrol, Zimax, Zimicina, Zimicine, Zindel, Zinfect, Zirom, Zisrocin, Zistic, Zit-Od, Zitab, Zitax, Zithrax, Zithrin, Zithro-Due, Zithrobest, Zithrodose, Zithrogen, Zithrokan, Zithrolide, Zithromax, Zithrome, Zithromed, Zithroplus, Zithrotel, Zithrox, Zithroxyn, Zithtec, Zitinn, Zitmac, Zitraval, Zitrax, Zitrex, Zitric, Zitrim, Zitrobid, Zitrobiotic, Zithrolect, Zitrocin, Zitrogram, Zitrolab, Zitromax, Zitroneo, Zitrotek, Ziyoazi, Zmax, Zocin, Zomax, Zotax, Zycin, and Zythrocin.[11]

Dem dey sell am as a combination drug plus cefixime as Anex-AZ, Azifine-C, Aziter-C, Brutacef-AZ, Cezee, Fixicom-AZ, Emtax-AZ, Olcefone-AZ, Starfix-AZ, Zeph-AZ, Zicin-CX, and Zifi-AZ.[11]

Dem sanso sell am as a combination drug plus nimesulide as Zitroflam; insyd a combination plus tinidazole den fluconazole as Trivafluc, den insyd a combination plus ambroxol as Zathrin-AX, Laz-AX den Azro-AM.[11]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Azithromycin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  2. ↑ Dunker A, Kolanczyk DM, Maendel CM, Patel AR, Pettit NN (November 2016). "Impact of the FDA Warning for Azithromycin and Risk for QT Prolongation on Utilization at an Academic Medical Center". Hosp Pharm. 51 (10): 830–833. doi:10.1310/hpj5110-830. PMC 5135431. PMID 27928188.
  3. ↑ "Zithromax- azithromycin dihydrate tablet, film coated; Zithromax- azithromycin dihydrate powder, for suspension". DailyMed. 29 September 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
  4. ↑ "Azithromycin use while Breastfeeding". Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
  5. ↑ "Azithromycin Stops The Growth of Bacteria" (in German). Archived from the original on 12 May 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  6. ↑ Greenwood D (2008). Antimicrobial drugs: chronicle of a twentieth century medical triumph (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-19-953484-5. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
  7. ↑ Alapi EM, Fischer J (2006). "Table of Selected Analogue Classes". In Fischer J, Ganellin CR (eds.). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. Weinheim: Wiley-Vch Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. p. 498. ISBN 978-3-527-31257-3. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
  8. ↑ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
  9. ↑ World Health Organization (2018). Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine (6th revision ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/312266. ISBN 978-92-4-151552-8. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  10. ↑ Hamilton R (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1-284-05756-0.
  11. 1 2 3 4 "Azithromycin International Brands". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
  12. ↑ "Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.
  13. ↑ "Azithromycin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
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  • Zrinka Tamburašev, Croatian biochemist on the team that discovered azithromycin
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Azithromycin&oldid=83161"