Baclofen
| Subclass of | aromatic amino acid, monochlorobenzene, Gamma-amino acids  |
|---|---|
| Get use | Medication |
| Chemical formula | C₁₀H₁₂ClNO₂ |
| Canonical SMILES | C1=CC(=CC=C1C(CC(=O)O)CN)Cl |
| Active ingredient in | Gablofen, Lioresal |
| World Health Organisation international non-proprietary name | baclofen |
| Legal status (medicine) | boxed warning |
| Pregnancy category | US pregnancy category C |
| Subject has role | GABA-B Receptor Agonists, central muscle relaxants |
Baclofen, dem sell under de brand name Lioresal among odas, be a central nervous system (CNS) depressant den derivative of de inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA). Baclofen be a potent GABAB receptor agonist, gabapentinoid, den skeletal muscle relaxant dem use to treat chronic muscle spasms den muscle spasticity, such as from a spinal cord injury anaa multiple sclerosis.[1][2] E sanso fi be used for hiccups den muscle spasms near de end of life,[2] den off-label to treat alcohol use disorder[3] anaa opioid withdrawal symptoms.[4] Dem dey take am orally anaa by intrathecal pump (dem deliver into de spinal canal via an implantable pump device).[1]
Baclofen for be avoided insyd de setting of chronic kidney disease den end stage renal disease as even small doses fi cause excessive toxicity.[5] Common side effects dey include sleepiness, weakness, den dizziness.[1] Serious side effects, such as seizures den rhabdomyolysis, fi occur if use of baclofen be stopped abruptly.[1] Use during pregnancy be of unclear safety, whilst use during breastfeeding likely be safe, den even more so if oral administration be avoided.[6]
De adverse effects den safety profile dem associate plus baclofen wen e be combined plus sedative drugs (for example alcohol, barbiturates, den benzodiazepines) range wey dey depend on de dose den de individual. De interaction fi increase de sedative effects of all ingested sedatives den as such no be generally recommended.[7] Insyd high doses de interaction plus alcohol fi cause de novo seizures.[8]
Baclofen be approved for medical use insyd de United States insyd 1977.[1] E be available as a generic medication.[2][9] E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[10] Insyd 2023, na e be de 87th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 7 million prescriptions.[11][12]
Oda names
[edit | edit source]Oda names include: Baclosan, Fleqsuvy, Gablofen, Kemstro, Lioresal, Lyvispah, Ozobax.[13]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 "Baclofen Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- 1 2 3 British national formulary: BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 1092. ISBN 978-0-85711-338-2.
- ↑ Agabio R, Saulle R, Rösner S, Minozzi S (January 2023). "Baclofen for alcohol use disorder". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 (1) CD012557. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012557.pub3. PMC 9837849. PMID 36637087.
- ↑ Assadi SM, Radgoodarzi R, Ahmadi-Abhari SA (November 2003). "Baclofen for maintenance treatment of opioid dependence: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial [ISRCTN32121581]". BMC Psychiatry. 3 16. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-3-16. PMC 293465. PMID 14624703.
- ↑ El-Husseini A, Sabucedo A, Lamarche J, Courville C, Peguero A (26 October 2011). "Baclofen toxicity in patients with advanced nephropathy: proposal for new labeling". American Journal of Nephrology. 34 (6): 491–495. doi:10.1159/000333247. PMID 22041434.
- ↑ "Baclofen use while Breastfeeding". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
- ↑ NHS website (3 March 2022). "Common questions about baclofen". nhs.uk. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ↑ Rolland B, Deheul S, Danel T, Bordet R, Cottencin O (2012-10-12). "Seizures Following High-Dose Baclofen With Alcohol". Medscape. Alcohol and Alcoholism. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ↑ Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (29 June 2023). "Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
- ↑ World Health Organization (2025). The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/382243.
- ↑ Kane SP. "Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.
- ↑ Kane SP. "Baclofen Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
- ↑ "Baclofen". go.drugbank.com. Archived from the original on 1 September 2024. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
External links
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