Battle of Khaybar
| Part of | battles of Muhammad  |
|---|---|
| Ein location | Khaybar |
| Coordinate location | 25°41′55″N 39°17′33″E |
| Point for tym insyd | 628 |
De Battle of Khaybar ((Arabic: غزوة خيبر, romanized: Ghazwatu Khaybar) be an armed confrontation between de early Muslims den de Jewish community of Khaybar insyd 628 CE. Khaybar, wich dey locate approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) to de northwest of Medina, be home to a sizable community of Jewish tribes.[1]
As Muhammad ein army begin to march on Khaybar, de Banu Ghatafan den oda Jewish-allied Arabian tribes no dey, anaa dem no fi, send de reinforcements wey be expected to arrive to defend de settlement, further endangering de Jewish army ein poor fortifications. After a brief period of fighting, Khaybar fall to de Muslims wey dem kill de Jewish commander Marhab ibn al-Harith, reportedly by Ali ibn Abi Talib.
De terms of surrender dem present to de oasis after de Muslim conquest stipulate de seizure of de Jews dema wealth den sanso call for every non-Muslim to pay tribute (jizya) to de Muslims in exchange for universal conflict neutrality plus protection anaa emigrate from Khaybar, wey dey bolster de Muslim army insyd a significant development for Muhammad ein military career. In exchange for dema acceptance of de terms, de Muslims agree to cease dema campaign against Banu Qurayza den oda local tribes.[2] Despite forces wey dey consist of 10–20,000 Jews vs 1,400 Muslims, deaths be remarkably low at 93 Jews den 18 Muslims, wey 50 injured between parties.[3]
Since de late 20th century, Muhammad ein conquest of Khaybar ein Jewish community cam be notable as de subject of an Arabic-language rallying slogan ("Khaybar, Khaybar, ya Yahud!"), insyd de context of de Arab–Israeli conflict.[4][5][6][7]
Background
[edit | edit source]Khaybar insyd de 7th century
[edit | edit source]Ali al-Sallabi, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Al-Mawardi den Muhammad Said Ramadan al-Bouti den oda chroniclers count de overall fortresses insyd Khaybar wich de Muslim besiege consist of around eight to thirteen separated fortresses:[8][9][10][11][12]
- al-Bariyy fortress
- Kuthaibah fortress
- al-Qamush fortress
- al-Qullah fortress
- al-Wathin fortress
- an-Nathah fortress
- as-Salalim fortress
- Zubayr fortress
- ash-Shiqq fortress
- Second Bariy fortress
- Na'im fortress
- Sha'b fortress
- Ubayy fortress
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Watt, Encyclopaedia of Islam, "Kurayza, Banu".
- ↑ Watt 1956), pg.
- ↑ "Manifestations of The Moon of Prophet Hood | PDF". Scribd (in English). Retrieved 2024-10-01.
- ↑ Bartal, Shaul (2021), Upal, Muhammad Afzal; Cusack, Carole M. (eds.), "Ḥamās: The Islamic Resistance Movement", Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements, Brill, p. 381, ISBN 978-90-04-42525-5, JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctv1v7zbv8.23, retrieved 2023-11-17
- ↑ Lawrence Rose, Paul (2014). "Muhammad, the Jews, and Khaybar: Fantasy and Emotion in Contemporary Islamic Political and Religious Antisemitism" (PDF). In Asher Small, Charles (ed.). Global Antisemitism: A Crisis of Modernity Volume IV: Islamism and the Arab World. ISGAP. p. 106.
- ↑ Litvak, Meir (1998). "The Islamization of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: The Case of Hamas". Middle Eastern Studies. 34 (1): 157. doi:10.1080/00263209808701214. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4283922.
- ↑ Shrentzel, Israel (2018). "Verses and Reality: What the Koran Really Says about Jews". Jewish Political Studies Review. 29 (3/4): 27. ISSN 0792-335X. JSTOR 26500684.
- ↑ al-Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman (2020). Sirah Nabawiyah (in Indonesian). Gema Insani. p. 277. ISBN 9786022508502. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ↑ Ali al-Sallabi, Muhammad (2012). Sejarah Lengkap Rasulullah Jilid 2 (Ebook) (in Indonesian) (First ed.). Pustaka Al-Kautsar. p. 341. ISBN 9789795926542. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ↑ al-Mawardi, Imam (2020). Al-Ahkam As-Sulthaniyyah Hukum-Hukum Penyelenggaraan Negara dalam Syariat Islam (in Indonesian). Darul Falah. p. 292. ISBN 9789793036205. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ↑ Chalil, Moenawar (2001). Kelengkapan Tarikh Edisi Lux Jilid 2 (Ebook) (in Indonesian). Gema Insani. p. 571. ISBN 9789795617112. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ↑ Hanegraaf, Hank (2017). MUSLIM What You Need to Know About the World's Fastest Growing Religion. Thomas Nelson. p. 17. ISBN 9780785216032. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
- Encyclopaedia of Islam. Ed. P. Bearman et al., Leiden: Brill, 1960–2005.
- Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online, 2012. Reference. 24 April 2012
- Lewis, Bernard. The Arabs in History. Oxford University Press, 1993 ed. (reissued 2002). ISBN 0-19-280310-7
