Bell's palsy
| Subclass of | facial paralysis, palsy, disease  |
|---|---|
| Dem name after | Charles Bell |
| Health specialty | neurology |
| WordLift URL | http://data.wordlift.io/wl01714/entity/bells-palsy.html |
| ICD-9-CM | 351.0 |
| ICPC 2 ID | N91 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C26769 |
Bell's palsy be a type of facial paralysis wey dey result in a temporary inability to control de facial muscles on de affected side of de face.[1] Insyd chaw cases, de weakness be temporary den significantly dey improve over weeks.[2] Symptoms fi vary from mild to severe.[1] Dem fi include muscle twitching, weakness, anaa total loss of de ability to move one anaa, insyd rare cases, both sides of de face.[1] Oda symptoms dey include drooping of de eyebrow,[3] a change insyd taste, den pain around de ear. Typically symptoms dey cam on over 48 hours.[1] Bell's palsy fi trigger an increased sensitivity to sound known as hyperacusis.[4]
De cause of Bell's palsy be unknown[1] wey e fi occur at any age.[2] Risk factors dey include diabetes, a recent upper respiratory tract infection, den pregnancy.[1][5] E dey result from a dysfunction of cranial nerve VII (de facial nerve).[1] Chaw dey believe say dis be secof a viral infection wey dey result in swelling.[1] Diagnosis be based on a person ein appearance den ruling out oda possible causes.[1] Oda conditions wey fi cause facial weakness dey include brain tumor, stroke, Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2, myasthenia gravis, den Lyme disease.[6]
De condition normally get better by einself, plus chaw dey achieve normal anaa near-normal function.[1] Na dem find corticosteroids to improve outcomes, while antiviral medications fi be of a small additional benefit.[7] De eye for be protected from drying up plus de use of eye drops anaa an eyepatch.[1] Surgery generally no be recommended.[1] Often signs of improvement dey begin within 14 days, plus complete recovery within six months.[1] A few no fi recover completely anaa dem get a recurrence of symptoms.[1]
Bell's palsy be de most common cause of one-sided facial nerve paralysis (70%).[8][9] E dey occur insyd 1 to 4 per 10,000 people per year.[8] About 1.5% of people be affected at sam point insyd dema lives.[10] E most commonly dey occur insyd people between ages 15 den 60.[1] Males den females be affected equally.[1] Na dem name am after Scottish surgeon Charles Bell (1774–1842), wey first describe de connection of de facial nerve to de condition.[1]
Although dem define as a mononeuritis (wey dey involve one nerve per), people dem diagnose plus Bell's palsy fi get "myriad neurological symptoms", wey dey include "facial tingling, moderate anaa severe headache/neck pain, memory problems, balance problems, ipsilateral limb paresthesias, ipsilateral limb weakness, den a sense of clumsiness" wey be "unexplained by facial nerve dysfunction".[10]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 "Bell's Palsy Fact Sheet". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. July 25, 2022. Archived from the original on 8 April 2011. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
- 1 2 "Bell's palsy - Symptoms and causes" (in English). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
- ↑ "Bell's Palsy".
- ↑ Purves D (2012). Neuroscience (5th ed.). Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer. p. 283. ISBN 9780878936953.
- ↑ Hussain A, Nduka C, Moth P, Malhotra R (May 2017). "Bell's facial nerve palsy in pregnancy: a clinical review". Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 37 (4): 409–415. doi:10.1080/01443615.2016.1256973. PMID 28141956. S2CID 205479752.
- ↑ Fuller G, Morgan C (December 2016). "Bell's palsy syndrome: mimics and chameleons". Practical Neurology. 16 (6): 439–444. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2016-001383. PMID 27034243. S2CID 4480197.
- ↑ Gagyor I, Madhok VB, Daly F, Somasundara D, Sullivan M, Gammie F, Sullivan F (November 2015). "Antiviral treatment for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis)" (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (11) CD001869. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001869.pub8. PMID 26559436.
- 1 2 Fuller G, Morgan C (December 2016). "Bell's palsy syndrome: mimics and chameleons". Practical Neurology. 16 (6): 439–444. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2016-001383. PMID 27034243. S2CID 4480197.
- ↑ Dickson G (2014). Primary Care ENT, An Issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 138. ISBN 978-0323287173. Archived from the original on 2016-08-20.
- 1 2 Grewal DS (2014). Atlas of Surgery of the Facial Nerve: An Otolaryngologist's Perspective. Jaypee Brothers Publishers. p. 46. ISBN 978-9350905807. Archived from the original on 2016-08-20.
External links
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