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Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome

From Wikipedia
cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome
disease
Subclass ofeffects of cannabis Edit
Health specialtygastroenterology Edit
Symptoms and signshyperemesis Edit

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) be recurrent nausea, vomiting, den cramping abdominal pain wey fi occur secof cannabis use.[1][2]

CHS be associated plus frequent (weekly anaa more often), long-term (several months anaa longer) cannabis use; synthetic cannabinoids sanso fi cause CHS.[2][3] De underlying mechanism be unclear, plus several possibilities dem propose.[2][4] Diagnosis be based on de symptoms; a history of cannabis use, especially persistent, frequent use of high-dose cannabis products; den ruling out oda possible causes of hyperemesis (persistent vomiting).[3] De condition typically be present for sam time before dem make de diagnosis.[3]

De known curative treatment per give CHS be to stop using cannabis.[4][5] Symptoms usually dey remit after two weeks of complete abstinence, although sam patients continue dey experience nausea, cyclic vomiting, anaa abdominal pain for up to 90 days.[3][6] Treatments during an episode of vomiting generally be supportive insyd nature (one example be hydration). Der be tentative evidence for de use of capsaicin cream on de abdomen during an acute episode.[4]

Frequent hot showers anaa baths both be a possible sign (diagnostic indicator) of CHS, den a short-term palliative treatment (dem often call hot water hydrotherapy insyd de medical literature).[7][8]

Another condition wey dey present similarly be cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS).[9] De primary differentiation between CHS den CVS be dat cessation of cannabis use dey resolve CHS, buh no be CVS.[2] Anoda key difference be say CVS symptoms typically dey begin during de early morning; predominant morning symptoms no be characteristic of CHS.[10][11] Distinguishing de two fi be difficult since chaw people plus CVS dey use cannabis, possibly to relieve dema symptoms.[2]

Na dem first describe de syndrome insyd 2004, wey na dem publish simplified diagnostic criteria insyd 2009.[12][13]

References

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  1. ↑ Sorensen CJ, DeSanto K, Borgelt L, Phillips KT, Monte AA (March 2017). "Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment-a Systematic Review". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 13 (1): 71–87. doi:10.1007/s13181-016-0595-z. PMC 5330965. PMID 28000146.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 DeVuono MV, Parker LA (June 2020). "Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Review of Potential Mechanisms". Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research. 5 (2): 132–144. doi:10.1089/can.2019.0059. PMC 7347072. PMID 32656345.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Chocron Y, Zuber JP, Vaucher J (July 2019). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome". BMJ. 366 l4336. doi:10.1136/bmj.l4336. PMID 31324702. S2CID 198133206.
  4. 1 2 3 Korn F, Hammerich S, Gries A (February 2021). "[Cannabinoid hyperemesis as a differential diagnosis of nausea and vomiting in the emergency department]". Der Anaesthesist (Review) (in German). 70 (2): 158–160. doi:10.1007/s00101-020-00850-2. PMC 7850992. PMID 33090239.
  5. ↑ Sorensen CJ, DeSanto K, Borgelt L, Phillips KT, Monte AA (March 2017). "Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment-a Systematic Review". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 13 (1): 71–87. doi:10.1007/s13181-016-0595-z. PMC 5330965. PMID 28000146.
  6. ↑ Sun S, Zimmermann AE (September 2013). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome". Hospital Pharmacy. 48 (8): 650–655. doi:10.1310/hpj4808-650. PMC 3847982. PMID 24421535.
  7. ↑ Senderovich H, Patel P, Jimenez Lopez B, Waicus S (2022). "A Systematic Review on Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome and Its Management Options". Medical Principles and Practice. 31 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1159/000520417. PMC 8995641. PMID 34724666. Hot water hydrotherapy is a common self-treatment for patients diagnosed with CHS as it can cause redirection of blood flow from the enteric system to the skin.
  8. ↑ Richards JR, Lapoint JM, Burillo-Putze G (January 2018). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: potential mechanisms for the benefit of capsaicin and hot water hydrotherapy in treatment". Clinical Toxicology. 56 (1): 15–24. doi:10.1080/15563650.2017.1349910. PMID 28730896.
  9. ↑ Galli JA, Sawaya RA, Friedenberg FK (December 2011). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome". Current Drug Abuse Reviews. 4 (4): 241–249. doi:10.2174/1874473711104040241. PMC 3576702. PMID 22150623.
  10. ↑ Venkatesan T, Levinthal DJ, Tarbell SE, Jaradeh SS, Hasler WL, Issenman RM, Adams KA, Sarosiek I, Stave CD, Sharaf RN, Sultan S, Li BU (June 2019). "Guidelines on management of cyclic vomiting syndrome in adults by the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association". Neurogastroenterology and Motility. 31 (Suppl 2) e13604. doi:10.1111/nmo.13604. PMC 6899751. PMID 31241819.
  11. ↑ Rotella JA, Ferretti OG, Raisi E, Seet HR, Sarkar S (August 2022). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: A 6-year audit of adult presentations to an urban district hospital". Emergency Medicine Australasia. 34 (4): 578–583. doi:10.1111/1742-6723.13944. PMC 9545654. PMID 35199462.
  12. ↑ Allen JH, de Moore GM, Heddle R, Twartz JC (November 2004). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse". Gut. 53 (11): 1566–1570. doi:10.1136/gut.2003.036350. PMC 1774264. PMID 15479672.
  13. ↑ Sontineni SP, Chaudhary S, Sontineni V, Lanspa SJ (March 2009). "Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: clinical diagnosis of an underrecognised manifestation of chronic cannabis abuse". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 15 (10): 1264–1266. doi:10.3748/wjg.15.1264. PMC 2658859. PMID 19291829.

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