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Cefalexin

From Wikipedia
cephalexin
type of chemical entity
Subclass ofcephalosporin antibiotic Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Stereoisomer ofCephalexin hydrate Edit
Chemical formulaC₁₆H₁₇N₃O₄S Edit
Canonical SMILESCC1=C(N2C(C(C2=O)NC(=O)C(C3=CC=CC=C3)N)SC1)C(=O)O Edit
Isomeric SMILESCC1=C(N2[C@@H]([C@@H](C2=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](C3=CC=CC=C3)N)SC1)C(=O)O Edit
Found insyd taxonStreptomyces Edit
Route of administrationoral administration, intramuscular injection, intravenous infusion and defusion Edit
Pregnancy categoryAustralian pregnancy category A, US pregnancy category B Edit
Subject has roleenzyme inhibitor, essential medicine, bactericide Edit
WHO Aware Classificationaccess Edit

Cefalexin, dem sanso spell cephalexin, be an antibiotic wey fi treat a number of bacterial infections.[1] E dey kill gram-positive den sam gram-negative bacteria by disrupting de growth of de bacterial cell wall.[1] Cefalexin be a β-lactam antibiotic within de class of first-generation cephalosporins.[1] E dey work similarly to oda agents within dis class, wey dey include intravenous cefazolin, buh dem fi take am by mouth.[2]

Cefalexin fi treat certain bacterial infections, wey dey include those of de middle ear, bone den joint, skin, den urinary tract.[1] E sanso fi be used for certain types of pneumonia den strep throat den to prevent bacterial endocarditis.[1] Cefalexin no be effective against infections wey methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause, chaw Enterococcus, anaa Pseudomonas.[1] Like oda antibiotics, cefalexin no dey fi treat viral infections, such as de flu, common cold anaa acute bronchitis.[1] Cefalexin fi be used insyd those wey get mild anaa moderate allergies to penicillin.[1] However, e no be recommended insyd those plus severe penicillin allergies.[1]

Common side effects dey include stomach upset den diarrhea.[1] Allergic reactions anaa infections plus Clostridioides difficile, a cause of diarrhea, sanso be possible.[1] Ein use during pregnancy anaa breastfeeding no dey appear to be harmful to de fetus.[1][3][4] E fi be used insyd kiddies den those over 65 years of age.[1] Those plus kidney problems fi require a decrease insyd dose.[1]

Na dem develop cefalexin insyd 1967.[5][6][7] Na dem first market am insyd 1969 under de brand name Keflex.[8][9] E be available as a generic medication.[1][10] E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[11] Insyd 2023, na e be de 86th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 7 million prescriptions.[12][13] Insyd Canada, na e be de fifth most common antibiotic dem use insyd 2013.[14] Insyd Australia, it was one of the top 10 most prescribed medications between 2017 and 2023.[15]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 "Cephalexin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
  2. ↑ Brunton LL (2011). "Chapter 53: Penicillins, Cephalosporins, and Other β-Lactam Antibiotics". Goodman & Gilman's pharmacological basis of therapeutics (12th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0071624428.
  3. ↑ "Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database". Australian Government. 3 March 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  4. ↑ Jones W (2013). Breastfeeding and Medication. Routledge. p. 227. ISBN 9781136178153. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  5. ↑ Hey E, ed. (2007). Neonatal formulary 5 drug use in pregnancy and the first year of life (5th ed.). Blackwell. p. 67. ISBN 9780470750353. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.>
  6. ↑ US patent 3275626, Morin RB, Jackson BG, "Penicillin conversion via sulfoxide", published 1966-09-27, issued 1966-09-27, assigned to Eli Lilly and Co Archived 25 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ↑ US patent 3507861, Morin RB, Jackson BG, "Certain 3-methyl-cephalosporin compounds", published 1970-04-21, issued 1970-04-21, assigned to Eli Lilly and Co Archived 25 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ↑ McPherson EM (2007). "Cefalexin". Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). Burlington: Elsevier. p. 915. ISBN 9780815518563. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  9. ↑ Ravina, Enrique (2011). The evolution of drug discovery : from traditional medicines to modern drugs (1. Aufl. ed.). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. p. 267. ISBN 9783527326693. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  10. ↑ Hanlon G, Hodges N (2012). Essential Microbiology for Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. Hoboken: Wiley. p. 140. ISBN 9781118432433. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  11. ↑ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
  12. ↑ "Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.
  13. ↑ "Cephalexin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
  14. ↑ "Human Antimicrobial Drug Use Report 2012/2013" (PDF). Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). November 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  15. ↑ "Medicines in the health system". Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 2 July 2024. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
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