Cerebral edema
| Subclass of | encephalopathy, disease  |
|---|---|
| Drug or therapy used for treatment | dexamethasone, D-(-)-mannitol, mannitol hexanitrate, prednisolone hemisuccinate |
| ICD-9-CM | 348.5 |
Cerebral edema be excess accumulation of fluid (edema) insyd de intracellular anaa extracellular spaces of de brain.[1] Dis typically dey cause impaired nerve function, increased pressure within de skull, den fi eventually lead to direct compression of brain tissue den blood vessels.[1] Symptoms dey vary based on de location den extent of edema den generally dey include headaches, nausea, vomiting, seizures, drowsiness, visual disturbances, dizziness, den in severe cases, death.[1]
Cerebral edema commonly be seen insyd a variety of brain injuries wey dey include ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, subdural, epidural, anaa intracerebral hematoma, hydrocephalus, brain cancer, brain infections, low blood sodium levels, high altitude, den acute liver failure.[1][2][3][4][5] Diagnosis dey base on symptoms den physical examination findings wey be confirmed by serial neuroimaging (computed tomography scans den magnetic resonance imaging).[2]
De treatment of cerebral edema dey depend on de cause den dey include monitoring of de person ein airway den intracranial pressure, proper positioning, controlled hyperventilation, medications, fluid management, steroids.[2][6][7] Extensive cerebral edema sanso fi be treated surgically plus a decompressive craniectomy.[6] Cerebral edema be a major cause of brain damage den dey contribute significantly to de mortality of ischemic strokes den traumatic brain injuries.[3][8]
As cerebral edema dey present plus chaw common cerebral pathologies, de epidemiology of de disease no be easily defined.[1] De incidence of dis disorder for be considered in terms of ein potential causes wey e be present insyd chaw cases of traumatic brain injury, central nervous system tumors, brain ischemia, den intracerebral hemorrhage.[1] For example, na malignant brain edema be present insyd roughly 31% of people plus ischemic strokes within 30 days after onset.[9]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Leinonen, Ville; Vanninen, Ritva; Rauramaa, Tuomas (2018), "Raised intracranial pressure and brain edema", Neuropathology, Handbook of Clinical Neurology (in English), vol. 145, Elsevier, pp. 25–37, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802395-2.00004-3, ISBN 978-0-12-802395-2, PMID 28987174
- 1 2 3 Raslan A, Bhardwaj A (2007). "Medical management of cerebral edema". Neurosurgical Focus. 22 (5): E12. doi:10.3171/foc.2007.22.5.13. PMID 17613230.
- 1 2 Lahner, D.; Fritsch, G. (September 2017). "[Pathophysiology of intracranial injuries]". Der Unfallchirurg. 120 (9): 728–733. doi:10.1007/s00113-017-0388-0. ISSN 1433-044X. PMID 28812113. S2CID 7750535.
- ↑ Wijdicks, Eelco F. M. (2016-10-27). "Hepatic Encephalopathy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 375 (17): 1660–1670. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1600561. ISSN 1533-4406. PMID 27783916.
- ↑ Dehnert, Christoph; Bärtsch, Peter (2017). "[Acute Mountain Sickness and High-Altitude Cerebral Edema]". Therapeutische Umschau. 74 (10): 535–541. doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000954. ISSN 0040-5930. PMID 29690831.
- 1 2 Adukauskiene, Dalia; Bivainyte, Asta; Radaviciūte, Edita (2007). "[Cerebral edema and its treatment]". Medicina. 43 (2): 170–176. doi:10.3390/medicina43020021. ISSN 1648-9144. PMID 17329953.
- ↑ Jha, Ruchira M.; Kochanek, Patrick M. (November 7, 2018). "A Precision Medicine Approach to Cerebral Edema and Intracranial Hypertension after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Quo Vadis?". Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. 18 (12): 105. doi:10.1007/s11910-018-0912-9. ISSN 1534-6293. PMC 6589108. PMID 30406315.
- ↑ Thorén, Magnus; Azevedo, Elsa; Dawson, Jesse; Egido, Jose A.; Falcou, Anne; Ford, Gary A.; Holmin, Staffan; Mikulik, Robert; Ollikainen, Jyrki; Wahlgren, Nils; Ahmed, Niaz (September 2017). "Predictors for Cerebral Edema in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Intravenous Thrombolysis" (PDF). Stroke. 48 (9): 2464–2471. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018223. ISSN 1524-4628. PMID 28775140.
- ↑ Wu, Simiao; Yuan, Ruozhen; Wang, Yanan; Wei, Chenchen; Zhang, Shihong; Yang, Xiaoyan; Wu, Bo; Liu, Ming (December 2018). "Early Prediction of Malignant Brain Edema After Ischemic Stroke". Stroke. 49 (12): 2918–2927. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.022001. ISSN 1524-4628. PMID 30571414.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- MedPix Vasogenic Edema
