Jump to content

Cetirizine

From Wikipedia
cetirizine
group of stereoisomers
Subclass ofmonocarboxylic acid, piperidine, ethers, monochlorobenzene Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Stylized nameZyrTEC Edit
Chemical formulaC₂₁H₂₅ClN₂O₃ Edit
Canonical SMILESC1CN(CCN1CCOCC(=O)O)C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Cl Edit
World Health Organisation international non-proprietary namecetirizine Edit
Physically dey interact plusHistamine receptor H1 Edit
Pregnancy categoryUS pregnancy category B Edit
LiverTox likelihood scoreLiverTox toxicity likelihood category C Edit
Subject has roleH1 antagonist, anti-allergic agents, non-sedating histamine H1 antagonist, histamine antagonist Edit

Cetirizine be a second-generation peripherally selective antihistamine dem use to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever), dermatitis, den urticaria (hives).[1] Dem dey take by mouth.[2] Effects generally dey begin within thirty minutes den last for about a day.[2] De degree of benefit be similar to oda antihistamines such as diphenhydramine, wich be a first-generation antihistamine.[2]

Common side effects dey include sleepiness, dry mouth, headache, den abdominal pain.[2] De degree of sleepiness wey dey occur generally be less dan plus first-generation antihistamines secof second-generation antihistamines be more selective for de H1 receptor.[1][3] Dem compare to oda second-generation antihistamines, cetirizine fi cause drowsiness.[3] Among second-generation antihistamines, cetirizine be more likely dan fexofenadine den loratadine to cause drowsiness.[3]

Ein use insyd pregnancy dey appear safe, buh ein use during breastfeeding no be recommended.[4] De medication dey work by blocking histamine H1 receptors, mostly outsyd de brain.[5]

Dem fi use cetirizine for paediatric patients. De main side effect to be cautious about be somnolence.[6]

Na dem patent am insyd 1983[6][7] wey e cam into medical use insyd 1987.[8] Cetirizine be a therapeutic alternative on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9] E be available as a generic medication.[1] Insyd 2023, na e be de 55th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 11 million prescriptions.[10][11]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. 1 2 3 British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 279. ISBN 9780857113382.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Cetirizine Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 Slater JW, Zechnich AD, Haxby DG (January 1999). "Second-generation antihistamines: a comparative review". Drugs. 57 (1): 31–47. doi:10.2165/00003495-199957010-00004. PMID 9951950. S2CID 46984477.
  4. ↑ "Cetirizine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com (in English). Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  5. ↑ "Cetirizine Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  6. 1 2 Zhou P, Jia Q, Wang Z, Zhao R, Zhou W (25 August 2022). "Cetirizine for the treatment of allergic diseases in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Frontiers in Pediatrics. 10 940213. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.940213. PMC 9452751. PMID 36090559.
  7. ↑ US4525358A, Baltes, Eugene; Lannoy, Jean de & Rodriguez, Ludovic, "2-[4-(Diphenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-acetic acids and their amides", issued 1985-06-25.
  8. ↑ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery (in English). John Wiley & Sons. p. 549. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 8 October 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  9. ↑ World Health Organization (2025). The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list. Geneva: World Health Organization. doi:10.2471/B09474. hdl:10665/382243.
  10. ↑ "Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.
  11. ↑ "Cetirizine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
[edit | edit source]
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cetirizine&oldid=82932"