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Cholangiocarcinoma

From Wikipedia
cholangiocarcinoma
class of disease
Subclass ofbile duct adenocarcinoma, disease Edit
Health specialtyoncology Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmenteverolimus, regorafenib Edit
Genetic associationRBM10 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC4436 Edit

Cholangiocarcinoma, dem sanso know as bile duct cancer, be a type of cancer wey dey form insyd de bile ducts.[1] Symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma fi include abdominal pain, yellowish skin, weight loss, generalized itching, den fever.[2] Light colored stool anaa dark urine sanso fi occur.[3] Oda biliary tract cancers dey include gallbladder cancer den cancer of de ampulla of Vater.[4]

Risk factors give cholangiocarcinoma dey include primary sclerosing cholangitis (an inflammatory disease of de bile ducts), ulcerative colitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, infection plus certain liver flukes, den sam congenital liver malformations.[2][5][6] Chaw people get no identifiable risk factors.[5] De diagnosis be suspected based on a combination of blood tests, medical imaging, endoscopy, den sam times surgical exploration.[3] De disease be confirmed by examination of cells from de tumor under a microscope.[3] E typically be an adenocarcinoma (a cancer wey dey form glands anaa dey secrete mucin).[5]

Cholangiocarcinoma typically be incurable at diagnosis, wich be why early detection be ideal.[2][7] Insyd dese cases palliative treatments fi include surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, den stenting procedures.[2] Insyd about a third of cases wey dey involve de common bile duct den, less commonly, plus oda locations, de tumor fi be completely removed by surgery, wey dey offer a chance of a cure.[2] Even wen surgical removal be successful, chemotherapy den radiation therapy be generally recommended.[2] Insyd sam instances, surgery fi include a liver transplantation.[8] Even wen surgery be successful, de 5-year survival probability typically be less dan 50%.[9]

Cholangiocarcinoma be rare insyd de Western world, plus estimates of e dey occur insyd 0.5–2 people per 100,000 per year.[2][10] Rates be higher insyd Southeast Asia wer liver flukes be common.[11] Rates insyd parts of Thailand be 60 per 100,000 per year.[11] E typically dey occur insyd people insyd dema 70s, den insyd de 40s for those plus primary sclerosing cholangitis.[8] Na rates of cholangiocarcinoma within de liver insyd de Western world increase.[10]

References

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  1. ↑ "cholangiocarcinoma". National Cancer Institute. 2 February 2011. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) Treatment". National Cancer Institute. 23 September 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 "Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma)". National Cancer Institute. 5 July 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  4. ↑ Benavides M, Antón A, Gallego J, Gómez MA, Jiménez-Gordo A, La Casta A, et al. (December 2015). "Biliary tract cancers: SEOM clinical guidelines". Clinical & Translational Oncology. 17 (12): 982–7. doi:10.1007/s12094-015-1436-2. PMC 4689747. PMID 26607930.
  5. 1 2 3 Razumilava N, Gores GJ (June 2014). "Cholangiocarcinoma". Lancet. 383 (9935): 2168–79. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61903-0. PMC 4069226. PMID 24581682.
  6. ↑ Steele JA, Richter CH, Echaubard P, Saenna P, Stout V, Sithithaworn P, et al. (May 2018). "Thinking beyond Opisthorchis viverrini for risk of cholangiocarcinoma in the lower Mekong region: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Infectious Diseases of Poverty. 7 (1): 44. doi:10.1186/s40249-018-0434-3. PMC 5956617. PMID 29769113.
  7. ↑ Zhang, Tan; Zhang, Sina; Jin, Chen; et al. (2021). "A Predictive Model Based on the Gut Microbiota Improves the Diagnostic Effect in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 11 751795. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.751795. PMC 8650695. PMID 34888258.
  8. 1 2 Razumilava N, Gores GJ (June 2014). "Cholangiocarcinoma". Lancet. 383 (9935): 2168–79. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61903-0. PMC 4069226. PMID 24581682.
  9. ↑ Bridgewater JA, Goodman KA, Kalyan A, Mulcahy MF (2016). "Biliary Tract Cancer: Epidemiology, Radiotherapy, and Molecular Profiling". American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting. 35 (36): e194-203. doi:10.1200/EDBK_160831. PMID 27249723.
  10. 1 2 Bridgewater JA, Goodman KA, Kalyan A, Mulcahy MF (2016). "Biliary Tract Cancer: Epidemiology, Radiotherapy, and Molecular Profiling". American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting. 35 (36): e194-203. doi:10.1200/EDBK_160831. PMID 27249723.
  11. 1 2 Bosman, Frank T. (2014). "Chapter 5.6: Liver cancer". In Stewart, Bernard W.; Wild, Christopher P (eds.). World Cancer Report (PDF). the International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. pp. 403–12. ISBN 978-92-832-0443-5.
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