Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
| Subclass of | occupational disease, neurodegeneration, post-concussion syndrome, tauopathy |
|---|---|
| Health specialty | neurology, sports medicine |
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) be a neurodegenerative disease dem link to repeated trauma to de head. De encephalopathy symptoms fi include behavioral problems, mood problems, den problems plus thinking.[1][2] De disease dey often get worse over time wey fi be result insyd dementia.[3]
Na chaw documented cases occur insyd athletes involve insyd striking-based combat sports, such as boxing, kickboxing, mixed martial arts, den contact sports such as rugby union, rugby league, gridiron football, Australian rules football, professional wrestling, den ice hockey. E sanso be an issue insyd association football, buh largely as a result of heading de ball rada dan player contact.[1][4] Oda risk factors dey include being insyd de military (combat arms), prior domestic violence, den repeated banging of de head.[1] De exact amount of trauma require for de condition to occur be unknown, den as of 2025 definitive diagnosis fi only occur at autopsy.[1] Dem classify de disease as a tauopathy.[1]
Der be no specific treatment for de disease.[5] Na dem find rates of CTE to be about 30% among those plus a history of multiple head injuries;[1] however, population rates be unclear.[3] Research insyd brain damage as a result of repeated head injuries begin insyd de 1920s, at wich time na de condition be known as dementia pugilistica anaa "boxer's dementia", "boxer's madness", anaa "punch drunk syndrome".[1][5] Na dem sanso propose say make dem change de rules of sam sports as a means of prevention.[1]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Asken, BM; Sullan, MJ; DeKosky, ST; Jaffee, MS; Bauer, RM (1 October 2017). "Research Gaps and Controversies in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Review". JAMA Neurology. 74 (10): 1255–62. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.2396. PMID 28975240. S2CID 24317634.
- ↑ McKee AC, Stein TD, Huber BR, Crary JF, Bieniek K, Dickson D, Alvarez VE, Cherry JD, Farrell K, Butler M, Uretsky M, Abdolmohammadi B, Alosco ML, Tripodis Y, Mez J, Daneshvar DH (April 2023). "Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE): criteria for neuropathological diagnosis and relationship to repetitive head impacts". Acta Neuropathologica. 145 (4): 371–394. doi:10.1007/s00401-023-02540-w. PMC 10020327. PMID 36759368.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Stein, TD; Alvarez, VE; McKee, AC (2014). "Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a spectrum of neuropathological changes following repetitive brain trauma in athletes and military personnel". Alzheimer's Research & Therapy. 6 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/alzrt234. PMC 3979082. PMID 24423082.
- ↑ Maroon, Joseph C; Winkelman, Robert; Bost, Jeffrey; Amos, Austin C; Mathyssek, Christina; Miele, Vincent (2015). "Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Contact Sports: A Systematic Review of All Reported Pathological Cases". PLOS One. 10 (2) e0117338. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017338M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117338. PMC 4324991. PMID 25671598.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Alzheimer's & Dementia". Alzheimer's Association. Retrieved 21 September 2017.