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Cross River State

From Wikipedia
Cross River State
state of Nigeria
Year dem found am3 February 1976 Edit
Native labelCross River State Edit
Dem name afterCross River Edit
Official languageEnglish Edit
ContinentAfrica Edit
CountryNigeria Edit
CapitalCalabar Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydNigeria Edit
Located in time zoneUTC+01:00, Western European Time Edit
Coordinate location5°45′0″N 8°30′0″E Edit
Office head of government holdGovernor of Cross River State Edit
Government ein headBassey Otu Edit
Executive bodyExecutive Council of Cross River State Edit
Legislative bodyCross River State House of Assembly Edit
Owner ofTinapa Resort Edit
Dey share bother plusAkwa Ibom State, Abia State, Ebonyi State, Benue State Edit
Dey replaceSouth Eastern State Edit
Postal code540001 Edit
Dema official websitehttp://www.crossriverstate.gov.ng Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Cross River State Edit
Map

Cross River State be a state insyd de South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Dem name give de Cross River, na dem form de state from de eastern part of de Eastern Region on 27 May 1967. De state get ein capital as Calabar wey be bordered tode north by Benue State, to de west by Ebonyi State den Abia State, den to de southwest by Akwa Ibom State while ein eastern border dey form part of de national border plus Cameroon. Dem originally know as de South-Eastern State before dem rename am insyd 1976, na Cross River state formerly include de area wey now be Akwa Ibom State, wich cam be a distinct state insyd 1987.[1]

Of de 36 states, Cross River be de nineteenth largest insyd area den 27th most populous plus an estimated population of over 3.8 million as of 2016.[2] Geographically, de state mainly be divided between de Guinean forest–savanna mosaic insyd de far north den de Cross–Sanaga–Bioko coastal forests insyd de majority of de interior of de state. De smaller ecoregions be de Central African mangroves insyd de coastal far south den a part of de montane Cameroonian Highlands forests insyd de extreme northeast. De most major geographical feature be de state ein namesake, de Cross River wich dey bisect Cross River State ein interior before forming much of de state ein western border den dey flow into de Cross River Estuary. Oda important rivers be de Calabar den Great Kwa rivers wich dey flow from de inland Oban Hills before flanking de city of Calabar den dey flow into de Cross River Estuary as well. Insyd de forested interior of de state be several biodiverse protected areas wey dey include de Cross River National Park, Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, den Mbe Mountains Community Forest. Dese wildlife reserves dey contain populations of Preuss's red colobus, African forest buffalo, bat hawk, tree pangolin, grey-necked rockfowl, den West African slender-snouted crocodile along plus sam of Nigeria ein last remaining Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee, drill, African forest elephant, den Cross River gorilla populations.[3][4][5][6]

Demographically, Cross River State be inhabited by several ethnic groups, primarily de Efik of de riverside south den Calabar; de Ekoi (Ejagham) of de inland south; de Akunakuna, Boki, Bahumono, den Yakö (Yakurr) of de central region; den de Bekwarra, Bette, Igede, de Mbube people den Ukelle (Kukele) of de northern region. Insyd de pre-colonial period, wat now be Cross River State be divided between ein ethnic groups wey sam dey join de Aro Confederacy while de Efik found de Akwa Akpa (Old Calabar) city-state. De latter cam be a British protectorate insyd 1884 as de capital of de Oil Rivers Protectorate buh na e no be til de early 1900s wey de British actually gain formal control of de entire area. Around de same time, de protectorate (dem now rename de Niger Coast Protectorate) be incorporated into de Southern Nigeria Protectorate wich dem later merge into British Nigeria.[7] After de merger, much of modern-day Cross River cam be a centre of anti-colonial resistance during de Women's War den trade thru de international seaport at Calabar.[8]

After independence insyd 1960, na de area of now-Cross River be a part of de post-independence Eastern Region til 1967 wen de region be split wey de area cam be part of de South-Eastern State. Less dan two months afterwards, de Igbo-majority former Eastern Region attempt to secede as de state of Biafra; insyd de three-year long Nigerian Civil War, na Calabar den ein port be hard fought over insyd Operation Tiger Claw while na dem persecute people from Cross River by Biafran forces as dem mainly be non-Igbo.[9] At de war ein end den de reunification of Nigeria, na dem reform de South-Eastern State til 1976 wen na dem rename am Cross River State. Eleven years later, na dem divide Cross River State wey dem break off western Cross River to form de new Akwa Ibom State.[10] De state formerly contain de oil-producing Bakassi Peninsula, buh na e be ceded to Cameroon under de terms of de Greentree Agreement.[11]

As an agricultural state, de Cross River ein economy partially dey rely on crops, such as cocoyam, rubber, oil palm, yam, cocoa, cashews, den plantain crops, along plus fishing. Key minor industries dey involve tourism insyd den around de wildlife reserves along plus de historic Ikom Monoliths site, Calabar Carnival, den Obudu Mountain Resort. Cross River state get de joint-thirteenth highest Human Development Index insyd de country den numerous institutions of tertiary education.[12][13]

Local Government Areas

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Cross River State dey consist of eighteen (18) Local Government Areas. Dem be:

  • Abi
  • Akamkpa
  • Akpabuyo
  • Bekwarra
  • Bakassi
  • Biase
  • Boki
  • Calabar Municipal
  • Calabar South
  • Etung
  • Ikom
  • Obanliku
  • Obubra
  • Obudu
  • Odukpani
  • Ogoja
  • Yakurr
  • Yala

Languages

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Languages of Cross River State dem list by LGA dey include:[14]

LGALanguages
AbiAgwagwune; Igbo; Humono
AkamkpaAgoi; Bakpinka; Doko-Uyanga; Efik; Lubila; Nkukoli; Ukpet-Ehom; Ejagham; Kiong; Korop; Ubaghara; Ukwa; Umon
BekwarraBekwarra; Tiv; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike
BiaseAgwagwune; Efik; Ubaghara; Ukwa;Umon
BokiBete-Bendi; Bokyi
CalabarEfik; Ejagham
IkomEjagham; Abanyom; Bukpe; Efutop; Mbembe,; Nde-Nsele-Nta; Ndoe; Nkukoli; Nnam; Olulumo-Ikom; Yala
ObanlikuBete-Bendi; Evant; Iceve-Maci; Obanliku; Otank; Tiv
ObubraAgoi; Hohumono; Lenyima; Leyigha; Igbo; Lokaa; Mbembe; Nkukoli; Yala
ObuduBete-Bendi; Bukpe; Bumaji; Elege; Tiv; Ubang; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike;
OdukpaniEfik; Ejagham; Kiong;
OgojaEkajuk; Igede; Kukele; Mbe; Nkem-Nkum; Nnam; Utugwang-Irungene-Afrike; Uzekwe;
YakurrLokaah, Lokoi, Loseka, Loyima
YalaTiv; Mbembe; Igede; Yace; Yala; Kukelle
AkpabuyoEfik; Ekoi
BakassiEfik

Oda languages dem dey speak insyd Cross State be Eki, Ibibio, Ilue, Ito, den Okobo.[14][15]

Festivals

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Dance Troupe at Cross River State

Festivals dem hold insyd Cross River state dey include:

  • De Cross River State Christmas Festival – 1 December to 31 December annually[16]
  • De Cross River State Carnival Float – 26 den 27 December yearly
  • De Yakurr Leboku Yam festival – 28 August annually
  • De Calabar Boat Regata
  • Anong Bahumono Festival wich dem dey hold insyd Anong Village, during wich different cultural dances be showcased, wey dey include Ikpobin (dem acclaim to be de most entertaining dance insyd de state), Ekoi, Obam, Emukei den Eta[17]
  • Ediba Bahumono Festival wich dem dey hold insyd Ediba Village every last Saturday insyd de month of July
  • Bekwarra, Obudu, Obanliku, Igede New yam festival wich dem dey hold every 1st Saturday of September every year.

Education

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De tertiary educational institutions insyd de State dey include:

  • University of Calabar
  • University of Cross River State (UNICROSS)
  • College of Health Technology, Calabar
  • CRS College of Nursing Sciences, Calabar
  • Ibrahim Babangida College of Agriculture, Obubra
  • University of Education and Entrepreneurial Studies, Cross River State located, Akamkpa
  • Federal College of Education, Obudu[18]
  • Polytechnic Ugep, Yakurr
  • Arthur Jarvis University, Akpabuyo[19]

References

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  1. ↑ "This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  2. ↑ "Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  3. ↑ "Cross River National Park (Oban Division)". WCS Nigeria. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  4. ↑ "Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division)". WCS Nigeria. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  5. ↑ "Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary". WCS Nigeria. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  6. ↑ "Mbe Mountains". WCS Nigeria. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  7. ↑ "1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Calabar - Wikisource, the free online library". en.wikisource.org (in English). Retrieved 2026-06-28.
  8. ↑ "Calabar". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  9. ↑ Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". Journal of Retracing Africa. 1 (1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  10. ↑ "This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse Nigeria. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  11. ↑ "Nigeria hands Bakassi to Cameroon". BBC News. 14 August 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  12. ↑ "The Resources Of Cross River State – Cross River Investment Promotion Bureau (CRIPB)" (in American English). Retrieved 2025-01-16.
  13. ↑ "Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  14. 1 2 "Nigeria". Ethnologue (22 ed.). Retrieved 2020-01-10.
  15. ↑ Williamson, Kay (1968). Languages of Niger Delta. pp. 124–130.
  16. ↑ "Be part of the famous Cross River State Christmas Festival - Nigeria". www.nigeria-direct.com. Retrieved 2021-12-15.
  17. ↑ "Festivals and Carnivals in Rivers State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  18. ↑ "Home". fceobudu.edu.ng.
  19. ↑ "Institutions". National Board for Technical Education. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
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