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Cushing's syndrome

From Wikipedia
Cushing's syndrome
designated intractable/rare disease, signs den symptoms, type of disease
Subclass ofadrenal gland hyperfunction Edit
Dem name afterHarvey Williams Cushing Edit
Health specialtyendocrinology Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatment(RS)-mitotane, (RS)-aminoglutethimide Edit
External data available at URLhttp://www.nanbyou.or.jp/entry/78 Edit
Possible medical findingsmoon face Edit
ICPC 2 IDT99 Edit

Cushing's syndrome be a collection of signs den symptoms secof prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol.[1][2][3] Signs den symptoms fi include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity buh plus thin arms den legs, reddish stretch marks, a round red face secof facial plethora,[4] a fat lump between de shoulders, weak muscles, weak bones, acne, den fragile skin wey dey heal poorly.[5][6] Women fi get more hair den irregular menstruation anaa loss of menses, de exact mechanism of wich be unknown.[7][6] Occasionally der fi be changes in mood, headaches, den a chronic feeling of tiredness.[6]

Cushing's syndrome be caused by either excessive cortisol-like medication, such as prednisone, anaa a tumor wey either dey produce anaa dey result in de production of excessive cortisol by de adrenal glands.[8] Cases secof a pituitary adenoma be known as Cushing's disease, wich be de second most common cause of Cushing's syndrome after medication.[1] A number of oda tumors, dem often refer to as ectopic secof dema placement outside de pituitary, sanso fi cause Cushing's.[1][9] Sam of dese be associated plus inherited disorders such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 den Carney complex.[10] Diagnosis dey require a number of steps.[11] De first step be to check de medications a person dey take.[11] De second step be to measure levels of cortisol insyd de urine, saliva anaa insyd de blood after taking dexamethasone.[11] If dis test be abnormal, de cortisol fi be measured late at night.[11] If de cortisol remain high, dem fi do a blood test give ACTH.[11]

Chaw cases fi be treated den cured.[12] If dem bring am on by medications, dese often fi be slowly decreased if e still require anaa slowly stop.[13][14] If e be caused by a tumor, e fi be treated by a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, den/anaa radiation.[13] If de pituitary be affected, oda medications fi be required to replace ein lost function.[13] Plus treatment, life expectancy usually be normal.[12] Sam, insyd whom surgery be unable to remove de entire tumor, get an increased risk of death.[15]

About two to three cases per million persons be caused overtly by a tumor.[16] E most commonly dey affect people wey be 20 to 50 years of age.[1] Women be affected three times more often dan men.[16] A mild degree of overproduction of cortisol widout obvious symptoms, however, be more common.[17] Dem first describe Cushing's syndrome by American neurosurgeon Harvey Cushing insyd 1932.[18] Cushing's syndrome sanso fi occur insyd oda animals wey dey include cats, dogs, den horses.[19][20]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 "Cushing's Syndrome". National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service (NEMDIS). July 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  2. ↑ Forbis P (2005). Stedman's medical eponyms (2nd ed.). Baltimore, Md.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-7817-5443-9. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08.
  3. ↑ Sharma ST, Nieman LK (June 2011). "Cushing's syndrome: all variants, detection, and treatment". Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America. 40 (2): 379–91, viii–ix. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2011.01.006. PMC 3095520. PMID 21565673.
  4. ↑ Afshari, A; Ardeshirpour, Y; Lodish, MB (October 2015). "Facial Plethora: Modern Technology for Quantifying an Ancient Clinical Sign and Its Use in Cushing Syndrome". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 100 (10): 3928–33. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2497. PMC 4596033. PMID 26301943.
  5. ↑ Patel, Reema; Sherf, Sahar; Lai, Ngan Betty; Yu, Run (2022-11-01). "Exogenous Cushing Syndrome Caused by a "Herbal" Supplement". AACE Clinical Case Reports (in English). 8 (6): 239–242. doi:10.1016/j.aace.2022.08.001. ISSN 2376-0605. PMC 9701910. PMID 36447831.
  6. 1 2 3 "What are the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  7. ↑ Alhajeri, A.; Hajji, S.; Aljenaee, K. (2024). "Amenorrhea as a presentation of Cushing's syndrome". Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports (3): 23–0152. doi:10.1530/EDM-23-0152. PMC 11301536. PMID 39042723.
  8. ↑ "What causes Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  9. ↑ Nieman LK, Ilias I (December 2005). "Evaluation and treatment of Cushing's syndrome". The American Journal of Medicine. 118 (12): 1340–1346. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.059. PMID 16378774.
  10. ↑ "How many people are affected by or at risk for Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 "How do health care providers diagnose Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  12. 1 2 "Is there a cure for Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  13. 1 2 3 "What are the treatments for Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  14. ↑ "Cushing syndrome - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic". www.mayoclinic.org. Retrieved 2019-04-21.
  15. ↑ Graversen D, Vestergaard P, Stochholm K, Gravholt CH, Jørgensen JO (April 2012). "Mortality in Cushing's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis". European Journal of Internal Medicine. 23 (3): 278–282. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2011.10.013. PMID 22385888.
  16. 1 2 "How many people are affected by or at risk for Cushing's syndrome?". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  17. ↑ Steffensen C, Bak AM, Rubeck KZ, Jørgensen JO (2010). "Epidemiology of Cushing's syndrome". Neuroendocrinology. 92 (Suppl 1): 1–5. doi:10.1159/000314297. PMID 20829610.
  18. ↑ "Cushing Syndrome: Condition Information". 2012-11-30. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  19. ↑ Etienne Cote (2014). Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats (3 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 502. ISBN 978-0-323-24074-1. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08.
  20. ↑ McCue PM (December 2002). "Equine Cushing's disease". The Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice. 18 (3): 533–43, viii. doi:10.1016/s0749-0739(02)00038-x. PMID 12516933.
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