Jump to content

Dexamethasone

From Wikipedia
dexamethasone
type of chemical entity
Subclass of(11beta)-9-fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione Edit
Part ofresponse to dexamethasone, cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Stereoisomer ofbetamethasone Edit
Chemical formulaC₂₂H₂₉FO₅ Edit
Canonical SMILESCC1CC2C3CCC4=CC(=O)C=CC4(C3(C(CC2(C1(C(=O)CO)O)C)O)F)C Edit
Isomeric SMILESC[C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@@H]3CCC4=CC(=O)C=C[C@@]4([C@]3([C@H](C[C@@]2([C@]1(C(=O)CO)O)C)O)F)C Edit
Inhibitor ofCol3a1 Edit
Active ingredient inNeofordex, Ozurdex, Maxidex, Baycadron Edit
World Health Organisation international non-proprietary namedexamethasone Edit
Physically dey interact plusNuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1, Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2, Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2 Edit
Pregnancy categoryAustralian pregnancy category A, US pregnancy category C Edit
Get characteristicbitterness Edit

Dexamethasone be a fluorinated glucocorticoid medication[1] dem use to treat rheumatic problems, a number of skin diseases, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), croup, brain swelling, eye pain following eye surgery, superior vena cava syndrome (a complication of sam forms of cancer),[2] den along plus antibiotics insyd tuberculosis.[1] Insyd adrenocortical insufficiency, e fi be used in combination plus a mineralocorticoid medication such as fludrocortisone.[1] Insyd preterm labor, e fi be used to improve outcomes insyd de baby.[1] Dem fi give am by mouth, as an injection into a muscle, as an injection into a vein, as a topical cream anaa ointment give de skin anaa as a topical ophthalmic solution to de eye.[1] De effects of dexamethasone frequently be seen within a day den dey last for about three days.[1]

De long-term use of dexamethasone fi result in thrush, bone loss, cataracts, easy bruising, anaa muscle weakness.[1] E dey insyd pregnancy category C insyd de United States, wey dey mean say e for be use per wen de benefits be predicted to be greater dan de risks.[3] Insyd Australia, de oral use be category A, wey dey mean e be frequently used insyd pregnancy wey e no be found to cause problems to de baby.[4] Dem for no take am wen breastfeeding.[1] Dexamethasone get anti-inflammatory den immunosuppressant effects.[1]

Dexamethasone first be synthesized insyd 1957 by Philip Showalter Hench wey na dem approve am for medical use insyd 1958.[5][6][7] E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] Insyd 2023, e be de 246th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 1 million prescriptions.[9][10] It is available as a generic medication.[11] Insyd 2023, na de combination of dexamethasone plus neomycin den polymyxin B be de 260th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 1 million prescriptions;[9][12] den de combination of dexamethasone plus ciprofloxacin be de 283rd most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 700,000 prescriptions;[9][13]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Dexamethasone". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2015.
  2. ↑ Wilkinson IB (13 July 2017). Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine. OUP Oxford. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-19-968990-3.
  3. ↑ "Dexamethasone Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 May 2016. Retrieved 9 June 2016. Dexamethasone is only recommended for use during pregnancy when there are no alternatives and benefit outweighs risk.
  4. ↑ "Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database". Australian Government. 3 March 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2014. Drugs which have been taken by a large number of pregnant women and women of childbearing age without any proven increase in the frequency of malformations or other direct or indirect harmful effects on the fetus having been observed.
  5. ↑ "Drugs@FDA: Dexamethasone". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 30 November 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  6. ↑ Rankovic Z, Hargreaves R, Bingham M (2012). Drug discovery and medicinal chemistry for psychiatric disorders. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 286. ISBN 978-1-84973-365-6. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
  7. ↑ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 485. ISBN 978-3-527-60749-5. Archived from the original on 10 January 2023. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
  8. ↑ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
  9. 1 2 3 "The Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 17 August 2025. Retrieved 17 August 2025.
  10. ↑ "Dexamethasone Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 17 August 2025.
  11. ↑ "Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  12. ↑ "Dexamethasone; Neomycin; Polymyxin B Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 17 August 2025.
  13. ↑ "Ciprofloxacin; Dexamethasone Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 17 August 2025.
[edit | edit source]
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dexamethasone&oldid=97435"