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Electronic cigarette

From Wikipedia
electronic cigarette
Subclass ofelectronic device Edit
Get usevaping Edit
Time of discovery anaa invention1963 Edit
WordLift URLhttp://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/electronic_cigarette Edit

An electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) anaa vape be a device wey dey simulate tobacco smoking. E dey consist of an atomizer, a power source such as a battery, den a container such as a cartridge anaa tank. Instead of smoke, de user inhale vapor,[1] dem often call "vaping".[2][3]

De atomizer be a heating element wey dey vaporize a liquid solution dem call e-liquid[4] wey dey cool into an aerosol of tiny droplets, vapor den air.[5] De vapor mainly dey comprise propylene glycol den/anaa glycerin, usually plus nicotine den flavoring. Ein exact composition dey vary, den dey depend on matters such as user behavior. E-cigarettes be activated by taking a puff anaa pressing a button.[2][6] Sam dey look like traditional cigarettes,[2][7] wey chaw kinds be reusable.[8]

Vaping be less harmful dan smoking,[9] buh still get health risks.[10] Vaping dey affect asthma den chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.[11][12][13] Nicotine be highly addictive.[14] Limited evidence dey indicate say e-cigarettes be less addictive dan smoking, plus slower nicotine absorption rates.[15][16]

E-cigarettes wey dey contain nicotine be more effective dan nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation,[17] buh e no be subject to de same rigorous testing wey chaw nicotine replacement therapy products get.[18]

References

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  1. ↑ Cheng, T. (2014). "Chemical evaluation of electronic cigarettes". Tobacco Control. 23 (Supplement 2): ii11 – ii17. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051482. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 3995255. PMID 24732157.
  2. 1 2 3 Orellana-Barrios, Menfil A.; Payne, Drew; Mulkey, Zachary; Nugent, Kenneth (2015). "Electronic cigarettes-a narrative review for clinicians". The American Journal of Medicine. 128 (7): 674–81. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.01.033. ISSN 0002-9343. PMID 25731134.
  3. ↑ "Vaporizers, E-Cigarettes, and other Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)". United States Food and Drug Administration. 14 February 2020. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019.
  4. ↑ Weaver, Michael; Breland, Alison; Spindle, Tory; Eissenberg, Thomas (2014). "Electronic Cigarettes". Journal of Addiction Medicine. 8 (4): 234–240. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000043. ISSN 1932-0620. PMC 4123220. PMID 25089953.
  5. ↑ David, Grégory; Parmentier, Evelyne A.; Taurino, Irene; Signorell, Ruth (December 2020). "Tracing the composition of single e-cigarette aerosol droplets in situ by laser-trapping and Raman scattering". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 7929. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.7929D. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64886-5. PMC 7220912. PMID 32404884.
  6. ↑ Rahman, Muhammad; Hann, Nicholas; Wilson, Andrew; Worrall-Carter, Linda (2014). "Electronic cigarettes: patterns of use, health effects, use in smoking cessation and regulatory issues". Tobacco Induced Diseases. 12 (1): 21. doi:10.1186/1617-9625-12-21. PMC 4350653. PMID 25745382.
  7. ↑ Pepper, J. K.; Brewer, N. T. (2013). "Electronic nicotine delivery system (electronic cigarette) awareness, use, reactions and beliefs: a systematic review". Tobacco Control. 23 (5): 375–384. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051122. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 4520227. PMID 24259045.
  8. ↑ Drope, Jeffrey; Cahn, Zachary; Kennedy, Rosemary; Liber, Alex C.; Stoklosa, Michal; Henson, Rosemarie; Douglas, Clifford E.; Drope, Jacqui (November 2017). "Key issues surrounding the health impacts of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and other sources of nicotine". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 67 (6): 449–471. doi:10.3322/caac.21413. ISSN 0007-9235. PMID 28961314. S2CID 32928770.
  9. ↑ Yayan, Josef; Franke, Karl-Josef; Biancosino, Christian; Rasche, Kurt (2024-03-01). "Comparative systematic review on the safety of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 185 114507. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2024.114507. ISSN 0278-6915. PMID 38331086.
  10. ↑ Balfour, David J. K.; Benowitz, Neal L.; Colby, Suzanne M.; Hatsukami, Dorothy K.; Lando, Harry A.; Leischow, Scott J.; Lerman, Caryn; Mermelstein, Robin J.; Niaura, Raymond; Perkins, Kenneth A.; Pomerleau, Ovide F.; Rigotti, Nancy A.; Swan, Gary E.; Warner, Kenneth E.; West, Robert (September 2021). "Balancing Consideration of the Risks and Benefits of E-Cigarettes". American Journal of Public Health. 111 (9): 1661–1672. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2021.306416. PMC 8589069. PMID 34410826. Among potentially toxic substances common to both products, cigarette smoke generally contains substantially larger quantities than e-cigarette aerosol. However, e-cigarette aerosol contains some substances not found in cigarette smoke."
  11. ↑ Song, Chunyan; Hao, Xiaoning; Critselis, Elena; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes (2025-04-01). "The impact of electronic cigarette use on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Respiratory Medicine. 239 107985. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2025.107985. ISSN 0954-6111. PMID 39921069.
  12. ↑ Erhabor, John; Yao, Zhiqi; Tasdighi, Erfan; Benjamin, Emelia J.; Bhatnagar, Aruni; Blaha, Michael J. (2025). "E-cigarette Use and Incident Cardiometabolic Conditions in the All of Us Research Program". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 27 (9) ntaf067. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntaf067. PMC 12370469. PMID 40089810.
  13. ↑ Caci, Grazia; Selya, Arielle; La Rosa, Giusy Rita Maria; Spicuzza, Lucia; Morjaria, Jaymin B.; Geraci, Giulio; Polosa, Riccardo (2025-03-01). "Respiratory effects of electronic cigarette use in individuals who never smoked: A systematic review". Clinical Medicine. 25 (2) 100295. doi:10.1016/j.clinme.2025.100295. ISSN 1470-2118. PMC 11930579. PMID 39993529.
  14. ↑ "Policy on Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)" (PDF). American Academy of Pediatrics. 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
  15. ↑ Stratton, Kathleen; Kwan, Leslie Y.; Eaton, David L., eds. (18 May 2018). "Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes". National Academies Press (in English). National Academies Press (US). Bibcode:2018nap..book24952N. doi:10.17226/24952. ISBN 978-0-309-46834-3. PMID 29894118 – via National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). |quote=There is moderate evidence that risk and severity of dependence are lower for e-cigarettes than combustible tobacco cigarettes.
  16. ↑ UK Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) (2022). "Nicotine vaping in England: an evidence update including health risks and perceptions, September 2022. A report commissioned by the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities" (PDF). Uk.gov. Retrieved 27 December 2024.|quote=...there is substantial evidence that vaping product use delivers lower peak and overall nicotine levels to users than smoking, which may translate to lower dependence risks compared with smoking.
  17. ↑ Lindson, Nicola; Butler, Ailsa R.; McRobbie, Hayden; Bullen, Chris; Hajek, Peter; Wu, Angela Difeng; Begh, Rachna; Theodoulou, Annika; Notley, Caitlin; Rigotti, Nancy A.; Turner, Tari; Livingstone-Banks, Jonathan; Morris, Tom; Hartmann-Boyce, Jamie (2025-01-29). "Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 (1) CD010216. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub9. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 11776059. PMID 39878158.
  18. ↑ Carpenter, Matthew J.; Wahlquist, Amy E.; Dahne, Jennifer; Gray, Kevin M.; Cummings, K. Michael; Warren, Graham; Wagener, Theodore L.; Goniewicz, Maciej L.; Smith, Tracy T. (September 2023). ""Effect of unguided e-cigarette provision on uptake, use, and smoking cessation among adults who smoke in the USA: a naturalistic, randomised, controlled clinical trial."". eClinicalMedicine. 63 102142. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102142. PMC 10518503. PMID 37753443.
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