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Fentanyl

From Wikipedia
fentanyl
type of chemical entity
Subclass ofphenethylamine, piperidine, N,N-disubstituted primary carboxamide Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Associated hazardfentanyl toxicity Edit
Discoverer or inventorPaul Janssen Edit
Chemical formulaC₂₂H₂₈N₂O Edit
Canonical SMILESCCC(=O)N(C1CCN(CC1)CCC2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3 Edit
Safety classification and labellingNFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response Edit
World Health Organisation international non-proprietary namefentanyl Edit
Physically dey interact plusOpioid receptor delta 1, opioid receptor kappa 1, opioid receptor mu 1 Edit
Legal status (medicine)boxed warning Edit
Pregnancy categoryAustralian pregnancy category C, US pregnancy category C Edit
LiverTox likelihood scoreLiverTox toxicity likelihood category E Edit
Stylized namefentaNYL Edit
MCN code2933.33.63 Edit

Fentanyl be a highly potent synthetic piperidine opioid dem primarily use as an analgesic (pain medication). E be 30 to 50 times more potent dan heroin den 50 to 100 times more potent dan morphine.[1] Ein primary clinical utility be insyd pain management for cancer patients den those wey dey recover from painful surgeries.[2][3] Dem sanso dey use Fentanyl as a sedative.[4] Dey depend on de method of delivery, fentanyl fi be very fast acting den dey ingest a relatively small quantity fi cause overdose.[5] Fentanyl dey work by e dey activate μ-opioid receptors.[6] Dem dey sell Fentanyl under de brand names Actiq, Duragesic, den Sublimaze, among odas.[7]

Pharmaceutical fentanyl ein adverse effects be similar to those of oda opioids den narcotics[8] wey dey include addiction, confusion, respiratory depression (wich, if extensive den untreated, fi lead to respiratory arrest), drowsiness, nausea, visual disturbances, dyskinesia, hallucinations, delirium, a subset of de latter dem know as "narcotic delirium", narcotic ileus, muscle rigidity, constipation, loss of consciousness, hypotension, coma, den death.[4] Alcohol den oda drugs (e.g., cocaine den heroin) fi synergistically exacerbate fentanyl ein side effects. Naloxone (dem sanso know as Narcan) fi reverse de effects of an opioid overdose, buh secof fentanyl be so potent, multiple doses fi be necessary.[7]

References

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  1. ↑ Han Y, Yan W, Zheng Y, Khan MZ, Yuan K, Lu L (14 November 2018). "Fentanyl". Nature. 9 (1): 282. doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0625-0. PMC 6848196. PMID 31712552.
  2. ↑ "Fentanyl". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 7 October 2022. Archived from the original on 28 April 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  3. ↑ "Fentanyl: MedlinePlus Drug Information". MedlinePlus. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ramos-Matos CF, Bistas KG, Lopez-Ojeda W (2022). "Fentanyl". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29083586. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  5. ↑ "Fentanyl". National Institute on Drug Abuse. 21 December 2021. Archived from the original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  6. ↑ "Fentanyl, Fentanyl Citrate, Fentanyl Hydrochloride". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Fentanyl DrugFacts". National Institute on Drug Abuse. 1 June 2021. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  8. ↑ "Fentanyl: Uses, Warnings & Side Effects". Cleveland Clinic. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
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Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to Fentanyl.
  • "Fentanyl". Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
  • "Fentanyl". European Union Drugs Agency (EUDA).
  • "Fentanyl". National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).
  • Fentanyl (Report). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 8 July 2021.
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