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Fibromyalgia

From Wikipedia
Fibromyalgia
Other namesFibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)
De location of de nine paired tender points wey dey constitute de 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria for fibromyalgia
SpecialtyPsychiatry, rheumatology, neurology[1]
SymptomsWidespread pain, feeling tired, sleep problems
Usual onsetMiddle age
DurationLong term
CausesUnknown
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms after dem rule out oda potential causes
Differential diagnosisPolymyalgia rheumatica, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, thyroid disease[2]
TreatmentSufficient sleep den exercise, healthy diet
MedicationDuloxetine, milnacipran, pregabalin, gabapentin[3]
PrognosisNormal life expectancy
Frequency2–8%

Fibromyalgia (FM) be a functional somatic medical syndrome plus symptoms of chronic widespread pain, wey be accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbance wey dey include awakening unrefreshed, den cognitive symptoms. Oda symptoms fi include headaches, lower abdominal pain anaa cramps, den depression.[4] People plus fibromyalgia sanso fi experience insomnia[5] den extreme sensitivity.[6][7][8] De causes of fibromyalgia be unknown, wey na dem propose chaw pathophysiologies.[9] People plus fibromyalgia sam times be accused of dem dey imagine dema symptoms.[10]

Signs den symptoms

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De defining symptoms of fibromyalgia be chronic widespread pain, fatigue, den sleep disturbance.[8] Oda symptoms fi include heightened pain in response to tactile pressure (allodynia),[8] cognitive problems,[8] musculoskeletal stiffness,[8] environmental sensitivity,[8] hypervigilance,[8] sexual dysfunction,[11] den visual symptoms.[12] Sam people plus fibromyalgia dey experience post-exertional malaise, in wich symptoms dey flare up a day anaa longer after physical exercise.[13]

Comorbidity

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Fibromyalgia as a stand-alone diagnosis be uncommon, as chaw fibromyalgia patients often get oda chronic overlapping pain problems anaa mental disorders.[7]

Mental health

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Fibromyalgia be associated plus mental health issues wey dey include;

  • Anxiety[14]
  • Posttraumatic stress disorder[14][15] – Approximately one third of patients wey dey present plus an FM diagnosis sanso dey meet criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)[16]
  • Bipolar disorder[14]
  • Alexithymia[17]
  • Depression[14][18][19] – Patients plus fibromyalgia be five times more likely make dem get major depression dan de general population.[20]

Experiencing pain den limited energy from having fibromyalgia dey lead to less activity, wey dey lead to social isolation den increased stress levels, wich dey tend to cause anxiety den depression.[21]

Pain conditions

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Chaw chronic pain conditions often be comorbid plus fibromyalgia.[18] Dese dey include:

  • Chronic tension headaches[14]
  • Myofascial pain syndrome[14]
  • Temporomandibular disorders[14]

Neurological disorders

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Neurological disorders wey be linked to pain anaa fibromyalgia dey include:[18]

  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Post-polio syndrome
  • Neuropathic pain
  • Parkinson's disease

Syndromes plus similar pathogenetic mechanisms

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Fibromyalgia largely dey overlap plus chaw syndromes wey fi share de same pathogenetic mechanisms.[22][23] Dese dey include myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome[22][24] den irritable bowel syndrome.[23]

Musculoskeletal disorders

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Na dem report comorbid fibromyalgia e dey occur insyd 20–30% of individuals plus rheumatic diseases.[18][25] Na dem report insyd people plus noninflammatory musculoskeletal diseases.[18]

Gastrointestinal conditions

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Na dem describe de prevalence of fibromyalgia insyd gastrointestinal disease mostly for celiac disease[18] den irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).[14][18] IBS den fibromyalgia dey share similar pathogenic mechanisms, wey dey involve immune system mast cells, inflammatory biomarkers, hormones, den neurotransmitters such as serotonin. Changes insyd de gut biome alter serotonin levels, wey dey lead to autonomic nervous system hyperstimulation.[26]

Oda conditions

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Oda conditions wey be associated plus fibromyalgia dey include obesity,[27] connective tissue disorders,[28] cardiovascular autonomic abnormalities,[29] obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,[30] restless leg syndrome[31] den an overactive bladder.[32]

Society den culture

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People plus fibromyalgia generally get higher healthcare costs den utilization rates. Na a review of 36 studies find dat fibromyalgia dey cause a significant economic burden on healthcare systems.[33] Na dem estimate annual costs per patient e be up to $35,920 insyd de US den $8,504 insyd Europe.[33]

Well-known people plus FM dey include

References

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  1. ↑ "Neurology Now: Fibromyalgia: Is Fibromyalgia Real? | American Academy of Neurology". tools.aan.com. October 2009. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
  2. ↑ Ferri, Fred F. (2010). Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. p. Chapter F. ISBN 978-0323076999.
  3. ↑ Cooper, TE; Derry, S; Wiffen, PJ; Moore, RA (3 January 2017). "Gabapentin for fibromyalgia pain in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1: CD012188. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012188.pub2. PMC 6465053. PMID 28045473.
  4. ↑ Wolfe F, Clauw DJ, Fitzcharles MA, Goldenberg DL, Häuser W, Katz RL, Mease PJ, Russell AS, Russell IJ, Walitt B (December 2016). "2016 Revisions to the 2010/2011 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 46 (3): 319–329. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012. PMID 27916278.
  5. ↑ Wu YL, Chang LY, Lee HC, Fang SC, Tsai PS (May 2017). "Sleep disturbances in fibromyalgia: A meta-analysis of case-control studies". Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 96: 89–97. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.03.011. PMID 28545798.
  6. ↑ "Fibromyalgia - Symptoms". nhs.uk. 20 October 2017.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Häuser W, Sarzi-Puttini P, Fitzcharles MA (2019). "Fibromyalgia syndrome: under-, over- and misdiagnosis". Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 37 (1 Suppl 116): 90–97. PMID 30747096.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Arnold LM, Bennett RM, Crofford LJ, Dean LE, Clauw DJ, Goldenberg DL, Fitzcharles MA, Paiva ES, Staud R, Sarzi-Puttini P, Buskila D, Macfarlane GJ (June 2019). "AAPT Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia". The Journal of Pain. 20 (6): 611–628. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.10.008. hdl:2434/632765. PMID 30453109.
  9. ↑ "Was weiß man über die Entstehung von Fibromyalgie?". gesundheitsinformation.de.
  10. ↑ "Fibromyalgia: causes and treatment". gesund.bund.de. 21 October 2022.
  11. ↑ Besiroglu MD, Dursun MD (July 2019). "The association between fibromyalgia and female sexual dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies". International Journal of Impotence Research. 31 (4): 288–297. doi:10.1038/s41443-018-0098-3. PMID 30467351.
  12. ↑ Zdebik N, Zdebik A, Bogusławska J, Przeździecka-Dołyk J, Turno-Kręcicka A (January 2021). "Fibromyalgia syndrome and the eye – A review". Survey of Ophthalmology. 66 (1): 132–137. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.05.006. PMID 32512032.
  13. ↑ Barhorst, Ellen E; Boruch, Alexander E; Cook, Dane B; Lindheimer, Jacob B (30 May 2022). "Pain-Related Post-Exertional Malaise in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Three-Level Meta-Analysis". Pain Medicine. 23 (6): 1144–1157. doi:10.1093/pm/pnab308. PMID 34668532.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 Kleykamp BA, Ferguson MC, McNicol E, Bixho I, Arnold LM, Edwards RR, Fillingim R, Grol-Prokopczyk H, Turk DC, Dworkin RH (February 2021). "The Prevalence of Psychiatric and Chronic Pain Comorbidities in Fibromyalgia: an ACTTION systematic review". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 51 (1): 166–174. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.10.006. PMID 33383293.
  15. ↑ Clauw DJ (April 2014). "Fibromyalgia: a clinical review". JAMA. 311 (15): 1547–1555. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.3266. PMID 24737367.
  16. ↑ Kleykamp BA, Ferguson MC, McNicol E, Bixho I, Arnold LM, Edwards RR, Fillingim R, Grol-Prokopczyk H, Turk DC, Dworkin RH (February 2021). "The Prevalence of Psychiatric and Chronic Pain Comorbidities in Fibromyalgia: an ACTTION systematic review". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 51 (1): 166–174. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.10.006. PMID 33383293.
  17. ↑ Habibi Asgarabad M, Salehi Yegaei P, Jafari F, Azami-Aghdash S, Lumley MA (March 2023). "The relationship of alexithymia to pain and other symptoms in fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis". European Journal of Pain. 27 (3): 321–337. doi:10.1002/ejp.2064. PMID 36471652.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 Fitzcharles MA, Perrot S, Häuser W (October 2018). "Comorbid fibromyalgia: A qualitative review of prevalence and importance". European Journal of Pain. 22 (9): 1565–1576. doi:10.1002/ejp.1252. PMID 29802812.
  19. ↑ Yepez D, Grandes XA, Talanki Manjunatha R, Habib S, Sangaraju SL (May 2022). "Fibromyalgia and Depression: A Literature Review of Their Shared Aspects". Cureus. 14 (5): e24909. doi:10.7759/cureus.24909. PMC 9187156. PMID 35698706.
  20. ↑ Løge-Hagen JS, Sæle A, Juhl C, Bech P, Stenager E, Mellentin AI (February 2019). "Prevalence of depressive disorder among patients with fibromyalgia: Systematic review and meta-analysis". Journal of Affective Disorders. 245: 1098–1105. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.001. PMID 30699852.
  21. ↑ Bruce DF (28 August 2024). Zelman D (ed.). "Fibromyalgia and Depression". WebMD (in English). Retrieved 2024-04-01.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Ramírez-Morales R, Bermúdez-Benítez E, Martínez-Martínez LA, Martínez-Lavín M (August 2022). "Clinical overlap between fibromyalgia and myalgic encephalomyelitis. A systematic review and meta-analysis". Autoimmunity Reviews. 21 (8): 103129. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103129. PMID 35690247.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Goldenberg DL (August 2024). "How to understand the overlap of long COVID, chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis, fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndromes". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 67: 152455. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152455. PMID 38761526.
  24. ↑ Anderson G, Maes M (December 2020). "Mitochondria and immunity in chronic fatigue syndrome". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 103: 109976. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109976. PMID 32470498.
  25. ↑ Macfarlane GJ, Pathan E, Siebert S, Packham J, Gaffney K, Choy E, Sengupta R, Atzeni F, Martin KR, Jones GT, Dean LE (20 May 2019). "AxSpA patients who also meet criteria for fibromyalgia: identifying distinct patient clusters using data from a UK national register (BSRBR-AS)". BMC Rheumatology. 3 (1): 19. doi:10.1186/s41927-019-0066-7. PMC 6532149. PMID 31143851.
  26. ↑ Valencia C, Fatima H, Nwankwo I, Anam M, Maharjan S, Amjad Z, Abaza A, Vasavada AM, Sadhu A, Khan S (October 2022). "A Correlation Between the Pathogenic Processes of Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the Middle-Aged Population: A Systematic Review". Cureus. 14 (10): e29923. doi:10.7759/cureus.29923. PMC 9635936. PMID 36381861.
  27. ↑ D'Onghia M, Ciaffi J, Lisi L, Mancarella L, Ricci S, Stefanelli N, Meliconi R, Ursini F (April 2021). "Fibromyalgia and obesity: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 51 (2): 409–424. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.02.007. PMID 33676126.
  28. ↑ Alsiri N, Alhadhoud M, Alkatefi T, Palmer S (February 2023). "The concomitant diagnosis of fibromyalgia and connective tissue disorders: A systematic review". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 58: 152127. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152127. PMID 36462303.
  29. ↑ Kocyigit BF, Akyol A (March 2023). "Coexistence of fibromyalgia syndrome and inflammatory rheumatic diseases, and autonomic cardiovascular system involvement in fibromyalgia syndrome". Clinical Rheumatology. 42 (3): 645–652. doi:10.1007/s10067-022-06385-8. PMID 36151442.
  30. ↑ He J, Chen M, Huang N, Wang B (2024). "Fibromyalgia in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Frontiers in Physiology. 15: 1394865. doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1394865. PMC 11144865. PMID 38831795.
  31. ↑ Padhan P, Maikap D, Pathak M (June 2023). "Restless leg syndrome in rheumatic conditions: Its prevalence and risk factors, a meta-analysis". International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 26 (6): 1111–1119. doi:10.1111/1756-185X.14710. PMID 37137528.
  32. ↑ Goldberg N, Tamam S, Weintraub AY (December 2022). "The association between overactive bladder and fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 159 (3): 630–641. doi:10.1002/ijgo.14290. PMID 35641437.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 D'Onghia M, Ciaffi J, Ruscitti P, Cipriani P, Giacomelli R, Ablin JN, Ursini F (October 2022). "The economic burden of fibromyalgia: A systematic literature review". Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 56: 152060. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152060. PMID 35849890.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 "We Bet You Never Knew These Celebrities Have Fibromyalgia". 17 January 2018.
  35. ↑ "Fibromyalgia: Celebrities face fibromyalgia". August 2017.
  36. ↑ "Fibromyalgia: Celebrities face fibromyalgia". CNN. 1 August 2017.
  37. ↑ "Kirsty Young: Presenter reveals 'loneliness' of chronic pain". BBC News. 8 August 2024.
  38. ↑ Hill, Amelia (8 August 2024). "Kirsty Young says doctor 'snorted' at her self-diagnosis of chronic pain". The Guardian.
  39. ↑ "Lena Dunham opens up about suffering from chronic pain". The Independent. 7 October 2018.
  40. ↑ Dillner, Luisa (8 October 2018). "Trauma and fibromyalgia: could Kavanaugh have triggered Lena Dunham's flare-up?". The Guardian.
  41. ↑ "The Morgan Freeman Story, by Tom Chiarella". 10 July 2012. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
  42. ↑ "Celebrities with Fibromyalgia: Morgan Freeman".
  43. ↑ "Celebrities Living with Fibromyalgia".
  44. ↑ "Michael James Hastings – Celebrities With Fibromyalgia - Livingwithfibromyalgia.org". 11 March 2024.
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