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Finland

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Finland
sovereign state, country, unitary state, country bordering the Baltic Sea
Part ofFennoscandia, Nordic countries, Northern Europe, European Union, European Economic Area Edit
Year dem found am6 December 1917 Edit
Official nameSuomen tasavalta, Republiken Finland Edit
Native labelSuomi, Finland Edit
Short name🇫🇮 Edit
Dem name afterFinns Edit
Official languageFinnish, Swedish Edit
AnthemMaamme Edit
Cultureculture of Finland Edit
Motto textI wish I was in Finland, O na bawn yn y Ffindir Edit
ContinentEurope Edit
CountryFinland Edit
CapitalHelsinki Edit
Located in time zoneUTC+02:00 Edit
Located in or next to body of waterBaltic Sea Edit
Located in/on physical featureFennoscandia Edit
Coordinate location65°0′0″N 27°0′0″E Edit
Coordinates of geographic center64°13′59″N 27°40′59″E Edit
Coordinates of easternmost point62°54′31″N 31°35′3″E Edit
Coordinates of northernmost point70°4′57″N 27°53′3″E Edit
Coordinates of southernmost point59°30′30″N 20°21′12″E Edit
Coordinates of westernmost point60°18′13″N 19°8′7″E Edit
Highest pointHalti Edit
Lowest pointBaltic Sea Edit
Government ein basic formparliamentary republic Edit
Office held by head of statePresident of Finland Edit
State ein headAlexander Stubb Edit
Office head of government holdPrime Minister of Finland Edit
Government ein headPetteri Orpo Edit
Executive bodyFinnish Government Edit
Legislative bodyParliament of Finland Edit
Highest judicial authoritySupreme Court of Finland Edit
Central bankBank of Finland Edit
Public holidayIndependence Day Edit
Currencyeuro Edit
Dey share bother plusSweden, Norway, Russia Edit
Driving sideright Edit
Electrical plug typeEuroplug, Schuko Edit
Dey replaceKingdom of Finland Edit
Significant eventIndependence of Finland Edit
Dema official websitehttps://finland.fi/ Edit
HashtagFinland, finland Edit
Top-level Internet domain.fi Edit
Flagflag of Finland Edit
Coat of armsCoat of arms of Finland Edit
Geography of topicgeography of Finland Edit
Get characteristicfree country Edit
History of topichistory of Finland, Finland during the Cold War Edit
Official religionEvangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, Finnish Orthodox Church Edit
Patron saintHenry Edit
Railway traffic sideright Edit
Open data portalOpen Data Finland Edit
Economy of topiceconomy of Finland Edit
Demographics of topicdemographics of Finland Edit
OpenStreetMap zoom level5 Edit
Mobile country code244 Edit
Country calling code+358 Edit
Trunk prefix0 Edit
Emergency phone number112, 116117 Edit
GS1 country code640-649 Edit
Licence plate codeFIN Edit
Maritime identification digits230 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC16584 Edit
Unicode character🇫🇮 Edit
Category for maps or plansCategory:Maps of Finland Edit
Map

Finland, wey dem officially dey call de Republic of Finland, be Nordic country wey dey Northern Europe. E share border plus Sweden for de northwest, Norway for de north, den Russia for de east, while de Gulf of Bothnia dey west den de Gulf of Finland dey south, opposite Estonia. Finland get population of 5.6 million people.[1] De capital city den de biggest city be Helsinki. Majority of de people be ethnic Finns. De official languages be Finnish den Swedish; 84.9% of de people dey speak Finnish as dema mother tongue, while 5.1% dey speak Swedish.[2] Finland ein climate range from humid continental for de south to boreal for de north, den over 180,000 lakes dey ein land insyd.[3][4]

People first settle for Finland around 9000 BC after de last Ice Age.[5] During de Stone Age, different cultures develop, wey dem differentiate dem by de kind ceramics dem make. For de Bronze Age den Iron Age, Finland get plenty contact plus cultures from Fennoscandia den de Baltic region.[6] From de late 13th century, Sweden take control of Finland after de Northern Crusades. But for 1809, during de Finnish War, Russia capture Finland from Sweden den make am an autonomous grand duchy under de Russian Empire. Dis period see de growth of Finnish art den de start of de independence movement. For 1906, Finland be de first place for Europe wey grant universal suffrage, den de first for de world wey allow all adults to run for public office.[7] After de Russian Revolution for 1917, Finland declare independence. De next year, civil war break out, but de Whites win, den by 1919, Finland confirm ein status as republic.

During World War II, Finland fight de Soviet Union insyd de Winter War den Continuation War, den Nazi Germany for de Lapland War. Dem lose some territories to de Soviet Union but manage keep dema independence den democracy.

Finland remain mainly an agricultural country till de 1950s, buh after World War II, e industrialize fast den develop a strong economy plus a welfare state based on de Nordic model. Dis make de country experience prosperity den high per capita income.[8] During de Cold War, Finland maintain neutrality. Buh since den, dem join de European Union for 1995, de Eurozone for 1999, den after Russia invade Ukraine, Finland join NATO for 2023. Finland be part of chaw international organizations like de Nordic Council, de Schengen Area, den de Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). De country dey rank high for education, economic competitiveness, civil liberties, quality of life, den human development.[9][10][11]

Geography

Regions

English name[12] Finnish name Swedish name Capital Regional state administrative agency
Lapland Lappi Lappland Rovaniemi Lapland
North Ostrobothnia Pohjois-Pohjanmaa Norra Österbotten Oulu Northern Finland
Kainuu Kainuu Kajanaland Kajaani Northern Finland
North Karelia Pohjois-Karjala Norra Karelen Joensuu Eastern Finland
North Savo Pohjois-Savo Norra Savolax Kuopio Eastern Finland
South Savo Etelä-Savo Södra Savolax Mikkeli Eastern Finland
South Ostrobothnia Etelä-Pohjanmaa Södra Österbotten Seinäjoki Western and Central Finland
Central Ostrobothnia Keski-Pohjanmaa Mellersta Österbotten Kokkola Western and Central Finland
Ostrobothnia Pohjanmaa Österbotten Vaasa Western and Central Finland
Pirkanmaa Pirkanmaa Birkaland Tampere Western and Central Finland
Central Finland Keski-Suomi Mellersta Finland Jyväskylä Western and Central Finland
Satakunta Satakunta Satakunta Pori South-Western Finland
Southwest Finland Varsinais-Suomi Egentliga Finland Turku South-Western Finland
South Karelia Etelä-Karjala Södra Karelen Lappeenranta Southern Finland
Päijät-Häme Päijät-Häme Päijänne-Tavastland Lahti Southern Finland
Kanta-Häme Kanta-Häme Egentliga Tavastland Hämeenlinna Southern Finland
Uusimaa Uusimaa Nyland Helsinki Southern Finland
Kymenlaakso Kymenlaakso Kymmenedalen Kotka den Kouvola Southern Finland
Åland Ahvenanmaa Åland Mariehamn Åland

Na dem consolidate de county of Eastern Uusimaa (Itä-Uusimaa) plus Uusimaa for 1 January 2011.[13]

Administrative divisions

Municipalities (thin borders) den regions (thick borders) of Finland (2021)

Largest cities

[edit | edit source]

Largest cities anaa towns insyd Finland

"Population increased most in Uusimaa in 2023". Statistics Finland. 31 December 2023.

Rank Name Region Pop. Rank Name Region Pop.
1 Helsinki Uusimaa 684,589 11 Kouvola Kymenlaakso 78,399
2 Espoo Uusimaa 321,031 12 Joensuu North Karelia 78,743
3 Tampere Pirkanmaa 260,358 13 Lappeenranta South Karelia 73,369
4 Vantaa Uusimaa 251,405 14 Vaasa Ostrobothnia 70,374
5 Oulu North Ostrobothnia 216,194 15 Hämeenlinna Kanta-Häme 68,376
6 Turku Southwest Finland 206,035 16 Seinäjoki South Ostrobothnia 66,610
7 Jyväskylä Central Finland 149,269 17 Rovaniemi Lapland 65,738
8 Kuopio North Savo 125,668 18 Mikkeli South Savo 51,893
9 Lahti Päijät-Häme 121,383 19 Porvoo Uusimaa 51,753
10 Pori Satakunta 83,316 20 Salo Southwest Finland 50,867

References

  1. ↑ "Preliminary population statistics". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 12 February 2025.
  2. ↑ "Språk i Finland" [Language in Finland]. Institute for the Languages of Finland (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 4 January 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  3. ↑ Li, Leslie (16 April 1989). "A Land of a Thousand Lakes". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  4. ↑ Mansel, Lydia (15 November 2023). "15 Best Places to Visit in Finland, From the Sauna Capital of the World to Santa Claus Village". Travel + Leisure. Archived from the original on 2 January 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  5. ↑ Haggren, Georg; Halinen, Petri; Lavento, Mika; Raninen, Sami; Wessman, Anna (2015). Muinaisuutemme jäljet. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. p. 23. ISBN 978-952-495-363-4.
  6. ↑ Haggren, Georg; Halinen, Petri; Lavento, Mika; Raninen, Sami; Wessman, Anna (2015). Muinaisuutemme jäljet. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. p. 339. ISBN 978-952-495-363-4.
  7. ↑ Parliament of Finland. "History of the Finnish Parliament". eduskunta.fi. Archived from the original on 6 December 2015.
  8. ↑ "Finland". International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  9. ↑ "Finland: World Audit Democracy Profile". WorldAudit.org. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013.
  10. ↑ "Her er verdens mest konkurransedyktige land—Makro og politikk". E24.no. 9 September 2010. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
  11. ↑ "The 2009 Legatum Prosperity Index". Prosperity.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
  12. ↑ "Suomen hallintorakenteeseen ja maakuntauudistukseen liittyviä termejä sekä maakuntien ja kuntien nimet fi-sv-en-(ru)" (PDF). vnk.fi. pp. 8–9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  13. ↑ "Valtioneuvosto päätti Uudenmaan ja Itä-Uudenmaan maakuntien yhdistämisestä" (in Finnish). Ministry of Finance. 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 30 December 2010.

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