Gastroesophageal reflux disease
| Subclass of | genetic disease, stomach disease, esophagitis  |
|---|---|
| Has cause | gastric acid |
| Health specialty | gastroenterology |
| Symptoms and signs | heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux, precordial pain, cough |
| ICD-9-CM | 530.81 |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) anaa gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) be a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease insyd wich stomach content persistently den regularly flow up into de esophagus, wey dey result in symptoms den/anaa complications.[1][2][3] Symptoms dey include dental corrosion, dysphagia, heartburn, odynophagia, regurgitation, non-cardiac chest pain, extraesophageal symptoms such as chronic cough, hoarseness, reflux-induced laryngitis, anaa asthma.[3] Insyd de long term, den wen no be treated, complications such as esophagitis, esophageal stricture, den Barrett's esophagus fi arise.[1]
Risk factors dey include obesity, pregnancy, smoking, hiatal hernia, den dey take certain medications. Medications wey fi cause anaa worsen de disease dey include benzodiazepines, calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, NSAIDs, den certain asthma medicines. Acid reflux be secof poor closure of de lower esophageal sphincter, wich be at de junction between de stomach den de esophagus. Diagnosis among those wey no dey improve plus simpler measures fi involve gastroscopy, upper GI series, esophageal pH monitoring, anaa esophageal manometry.[4]
Treatment options dey include lifestyle changes, medications, den sam times surgery give those wey no dey improve plus de first two measures. Lifestyle changes dey include no dey lie down for three hours after eating, lying down on de left side, raising de pillow anaa bedhead height, losing weight, den stop dey blaze.[4][5] Foods wey fi precipitate GERD symptoms dey include coffee, alcohol, chocolate, fatty foods, acidic foods, den spicy foods.[6] Medications dey include antacids, H2 receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors, den prokinetics.[4][7]
Insyd de Western world, between 10 den 20% of de population be affected by GERD.[7] E be highly prevalent insyd North America, plus 18% to 28% of de population dey suffer from de condition.[8] Occasional gastroesophageal reflux widout troublesome symptoms anaa complications even be more common.[4] De classic symptoms of GERD be first described insyd 1925, wen Friedenwald den Feldman comment on heartburn den ein possible relationship to a hiatal hernia.[9] Insyd 1934, gastroenterologist Asher Winkelstein describe reflux den attribute de symptoms to stomach acid.[10]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 "Acid Reflux (GER & GERD) in Adults". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). 5 November 2015. Archived from the original on 22 February 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- ↑ Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF (October 2008). "American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease". Gastroenterology. 135 (4): 1392–1413, 1413.e1–5. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.044. PMID 18801365.
- 1 2 Parker, Melinda (June 2010). "Book Review: Krause's Food and Nutrition TherapyMahanLKEscott-StumpS. Krause's Food and Nutrition Therapy. 12th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; (2007). 1376 pp, $149.95. ISBN: 978-1-4160-3401-8". Nutrition in Clinical Practice. 25 (3): 314. doi:10.1177/0884533610362901. ISSN 0884-5336.
- 1 2 3 4 "Acid Reflux (GER & GERD) in Adults". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). 5 November 2015. Archived from the original on 22 February 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- ↑ "Best Sleeping Position For Acid Reflux: The Gerd Sleeping Position". SleepScore (in American English). 22 April 2019. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ↑ Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, et al. (October 2008). "American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease". Gastroenterology. 135 (4): 1383–91, 1391.e1–5. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.045. PMID 18789939.
- 1 2 Hershcovici T, Fass R (April 2011). "Pharmacological management of GERD: where does it stand now?". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 32 (4): 258–64. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2011.02.007. PMID 21429600.
- ↑ El-Serag, Hashem B; Sweet, Stephen; Winchester, Christopher C; Dent, John (June 2014). "Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review". Gut (in English). 63 (6): 871–880. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304269. ISSN 0017-5749. PMC 4046948. PMID 23853213.
- ↑ Granderath, Frank Alexander; Kamolz, Thomas; Pointner, Rudolph (2006). Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Principles of Disease, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 161. ISBN 978-3-211-32317-5. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
- ↑ Arcangelo, Virginia Poole; Peterson, Andrew M. (2006). Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice: A Practical Approach. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 372. ISBN 978-0-7817-5784-3. Archived from the original on 5 January 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- Lichtenstein DR, Cash BD, Davila R, et al. (August 2007). "Role of endoscopy in the management of GERD" (PDF). Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 66 (2): 219–24. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2007.05.027. PMID 17643692.
- "Role of endoscopy in the management of GERD". National Guideline Clearinghouse. Archived from the original on 28 September 2010.
- Hirano I, Richter JE (March 2007). "ACG practice guidelines: esophageal reflux testing". American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102 (3): 668–85. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.619.3818. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00936.x. PMID 17335450. S2CID 10854440.
- Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF (March 2013). "Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease". American Journal of Gastroenterology. 108 (3): 308–28. doi:10.1038/ajg.2012.444. PMID 23419381.
