Glaucoma
| Subclass of | eye disease, disease  |
|---|---|
| Health specialty | ophthalmology |
| Genetic association | SRBD1 |
| Risk factor | nocturnal hypotension |
| WordLift URL | http://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/glaucoma |
| ICD-9-CM | 365, 365.9, 365.89 |
| ICPC 2 ID | F93 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C26782 |
Glaucoma be a group of eye diseases wey fi lead to damage of de optic nerve. De optic nerve dey transmit visual information from de eye to de brain. Glaucoma fi cause vision loss if dem lef am untreated. Na dem dey bell am de "silent thief of sight" secof de loss of vision usually dey occur slowly over a long period of time.[1] A major risk factor give glaucoma be increased pressure within de eye, dem know as intraocular pressure (IOP).[2] E be associated plus old age, a family history of glaucoma, den certain medical conditions anaa de use of sam medications.[3] De word glaucoma dey cam from de Ancient Greek word γλαυκός (glaukós), wey dey mean 'gleaming, blue-green, gray'.
Of de different types of glaucoma, dem dey bell de most common open-angle glaucoma den closed-angle glaucoma.[4] Insyd de eye, a liquid dem call aqueous humor, wich be produced by de ciliary body, dey help to maintain shape den dey provide nutrients. De aqueous humor normally dey drain thru de trabecular meshwork. Insyd open-angle glaucoma, de drainage be impeded, wey dey cause de build up of aqueous to accumulate insyd de anterior chamber wey dey cause de pressure insyd de eye to increase. Dis elevated pressure fi reduce vascular perfusion insyd de vitreous chamber den fi damage de optic nerve den peripheral glial tissues. Insyd closed-angle glaucoma, de drainage of de eye cam be suddenly blocked, wey dey lead to a rapid increase insyd intraocular pressure. Dis fi lead to intense eye pain, blurred vision, den nausea. Closed-angle glaucoma be an emergency wey dey require immediate attention.[2]
If dem treat am early, de progression of glaucoma fi be slowed anaa even stopped. Regular eye examinations, especially if de person be over 40 anaa dem get a family history of glaucoma, be essential for early detection.[5] Treatment typically dey include prescription of eye drops, medication, laser treatment anaa surgery.[2][6] De goal of dese treatments be to decrease eye pressure.[7]
Glaucoma be a leading cause of blindness insyd African Americans, Hispanic Americans,[8][9] den Asians.[10] Ein incidence dey rise plus age, to more dan eight percent of Americans over de age of eighty,[2][3] den closed-angle glaucoma be more common insyd women.[7]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ "Glaucoma: The 'silent thief' begins to tell its secrets" (Press release). National Eye Institute. 21 January 2014. Archived from the original on 23 July 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 "Facts About Glaucoma". National Eye Institute. Archived from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
- 1 2 "Glaucoma: The 'silent thief' begins to tell its secrets | National Eye Institute". www.nei.nih.gov (in English). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ↑ "Glaucoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov (in English). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ↑ "Glaucoma - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic (in English). Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ↑ Vass C, Hirn C, Sycha T, Findl O, Bauer P, Schmetterer L (October 2007). "Medical interventions for primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007 (4) CD003167. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003167.pub3. PMC 6768994. PMID 17943780.
- 1 2 Mantravadi AV, Vadhar N (September 2015). "Glaucoma". Primary Care. 42 (3): 437–449. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.008. PMID 26319348.
- ↑ Ou Y. "Glaucoma in the African American and Hispanic Communities". Bright Focus Foundation. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- ↑ "Glaucoma in the African-American and Latino Communities: Studies Release More Data". American Academy of Ophthalmology (in English). 2010-06-01. Retrieved 2023-09-11.
- ↑ Belamkar, Aditya; Harris, Alon; Oddone, Francesco; Verticchio Vercellin, Alice; Fabczak-Kubicka, Anna; Siesky, Brent (2022-04-28). "Asian Race and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Where Do We Stand?". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (9): 2486. doi:10.3390/jcm11092486. ISSN 2077-0383. PMC 9099679. PMID 35566612.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- Role of ocular blood flow in normal tension glaucoma, Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research, Volume 2, Issue 1, May–June 2022.
- GeneReview/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Primary Congenital Glaucoma
