Jump to content

Heart failure

From Wikipedia
heart failure
Complication (medicine), signs den symptoms
Subclass ofcardiovascular disease, clinical sign, cardiovascular system symptom Edit
Health specialtycardiology Edit
Symptoms and signsdyspnea, fatigue, edema, ascites, anasarka Edit
Medical examinationechocardiography, electrocardiography Edit
Possible treatmentdiuretic Edit
Anatomical locationheart Edit
Possible medical findingsabnormal third heart sound, abnormal fourth heart sound Edit
Risk factorcoronary artery disease, diabetes, Hypertension, overweight Edit
WordLift URLhttp://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/heart_failure Edit
ICPC 2 IDK77 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC50577 Edit

Heart failure (HF), dem sanso know as congestive heart failure (CHF), be a syndrome wey an impairment insyd de heart ein ability to fill with den pump blood cause.

Although symptoms vary base on wich side of de heart be affected, HF typically dey present plus shortness of breath, excessive fatigue, den bilateral leg swelling.[1] De severity of de heart failure mainly be decided base on ejection fraction wey dem sanso measure by de severity of symptoms.[2][3] Oda conditions wey get symptoms similar to heart failure dey include obesity, kidney failure, liver disease, anemia, den thyroid disease.[3]

Common causes of heart failure dey include coronary artery disease, heart attack, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excessive alcohol consumption, infection, den cardiomyopathy.[4][5] Dese cause heart failure by altering de structure anaa de function of de heart anaa insyd sam cases both.[5] Der be different types of heart failure: right-sided heart failure, wich dey affect de right heart, left-sided heart failure, wich dey affect de left heart, den biventricular heart failure, wich dey affect both sides of de heart.[6] Left-sided heart failure fi be present plus a reduced ejection fraction anaa plus a preserved ejection fraction.[7] Heart failure no be de same as cardiac arrest, insyd wich blood flow dey stop completely secof de failure of de heart to pump.[8][9]

Diagnosis dey base on symptoms, physical findings, den echocardiography.[5] Blood tests, den a chest X-ray fi be useful to determine de underlying cause.[10] Treatment dey depend on severity den case.[11] For people plus chronic, stable, anaa mild heart failure, treatment usually dey consist of lifestyle changes, such as not smoking, physical exercise, den dietary changes, as well as medications.[12][13][14] Insyd heart failure secof left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), anaa angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, along plus beta blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists den SGLT2 inhibitors be recommended.[5] Diuretics sanso fi be prescribed to prevent fluid retention den de resulting shortness of breath.[15] Dey depend on de case, an implanted device such as a pacemaker anaa implantable cardiac defibrillator sam times fi be recommended.[11] Insyd sam moderate anaa more severe cases, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)[16] anaa cardiac contractility modulation fi be beneficial.[17] Insyd severe disease wey dey persist despite all oda measures, a cardiac assist device ventricular assist device, anaa, occasionally, heart transplantation fi be recommended.[15]

Heart failure be a common, costly, den potentially fatal condition,[18] wey e be de leading cause of hospitalization den readmission insyd older adults.[19][20] Heart failure often dey lead to more drastic health impairments dan de failure of oda, similarly complex organs such as de kidneys anaa liver.[21] Insyd 2015, e affect about 40 million people worldwide.[22] Overall, heart failure dey affect about 2% of adults,[18] den more dan 10% of those over de age of 70. Rates be predicted to increase.[18]

De risk of death insyd de first year after diagnosis be about 35%, while de risk of death insyd de second year be less dan 10% insyd those still alive.[7] De risk of death be comparable to dat of sam cancers.[7] Insyd de United Kingdom, de disease be de reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions.[7] Heart failure be known since ancient times insyd Egypt; dem mention am insyd de Ebers Papyrus around 1550 BCE.[23]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ↑ National Guideline Centre (UK) (September 2018). "2. Introduction". Chronic Heart Failure in Adults: Diagnosis and Management. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). ISBN 978-1-4731-3093-7. PMID 30645061. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  2. ↑ Akinterinwa OE, Singh M, Vemuri S, Tyagi SC (August 2024). "A Need to Preserve Ejection Fraction during Heart Failure". Int J Mol Sci. 25 (16): 8780. doi:10.3390/ijms25168780. PMC 11354382. PMID 39201469.
  3. 1 2 Chronic Heart Failure: National Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Management in Primary and Secondary Care: Partial Update. National Clinical Guideline Centre. August 2010. pp. 38–70. PMID 22741186.
  4. ↑ Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Byun JJ, Colvin MM, Deswal A, Drazner MH, Dunlay SM, Evers LR, Fang JC, Fedson SE, Fonarow GC, Hayek SS, Hernandez AF, Khazanie P, Kittleson MM, Lee CS, Link MS, Milano CA, Nnacheta LC, Sandhu AT, Stevenson LW, Vardeny O, Vest AR, Yancy CW (May 2022). "2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 79 (17): e263 – e421. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.012. PMID 35379503. S2CID 247882156.
  5. 1 2 3 4 McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, Böhm M, Burri H, Butler J, Čelutkienė J, Chioncel O, Cleland JG, Coats AJ, Crespo-Leiro MG, Farmakis D, Gilard M, Heymans S, Hoes AW, Jaarsma T, Jankowska EA, Lainscak M, Lam CS, Lyon AR, McMurray JJ, Mebazaa A, Mindham R, Muneretto C, Francesco Piepoli M, Price S, Rosano GM, Ruschitzka F, Kathrine Skibelund A (September 2021). "2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure" (PDF). European Heart Journal. 42 (36): 3599–3726. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368. PMID 34447992. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
  6. ↑ "What is Heart Failure?". www.heart.org. Archived from the original on 10 August 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 4 National Clinical Guideline Centre (UK) (August 2010). Chronic heart failure: National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care: Partial update. National Clinical Guideline Centre. pp. 19–24. PMID 22741186.
  8. ↑ Willard & Spackman's occupational therapy. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2014. p. 1124. ISBN 978-1-4511-1080-7.
  9. ↑ The Cardiac Care Unit Survival Guide. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2012. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-4511-7746-6.
  10. ↑ National Guideline Centre (UK) (September 2018). "1. Guideline summary". Chronic Heart Failure in Adults: Diagnosis and Management. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). ISBN 978-1-4731-3093-7. PMID 30645061. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  11. 1 2 Chronic Heart Failure: National Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Management in Primary and Secondary Care: Partial Update. National Clinical Guideline Centre. Aug 2010. pp. 34–47. PMID 22741186.
  12. ↑ National Guideline Centre (UK) (September 2018). "6. Treating heart failure". Chronic Heart Failure in Adults: Diagnosis and Management. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). ISBN 978-1-4731-3093-7. PMID 30645061. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  13. ↑ National Guideline Centre (UK) (September 2018). "7. Rehabilitation in chronic heart failure". Chronic Heart Failure in Adults: Diagnosis and Management. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Guidelines. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). ISBN 978-1-4731-3093-7. PMID 30645061. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  14. ↑ Molloy C, Long L, Mordi IR, Bridges C, Sagar VA, Davies EJ, Coats AJ, Dalal H, Rees K, Singh SJ, Taylor RS (March 2024). "Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with heart failure". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2024 (3) CD003331. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003331.pub6. PMC 10919451. PMID 38451843.
  15. 1 2 Chronic Heart Failure: National Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Management in Primary and Secondary Care: Partial Update. National Clinical Guideline Centre. Aug 2010. pp. 71–153. PMID 22741186.
  16. ↑ Tracy CM, Epstein AE, Darbar D, DiMarco JP, Dunbar SB, Estes NA, Ferguson TB, Hammill SC, Karasik PE, Link MS, Marine JE, Schoenfeld MH, Shanker AJ, Silka MJ, Stevenson LW, Stevenson WG, Varosy PD, Ellenbogen KA, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hayes DL, Page RL, Stevenson LW, Sweeney MO (October 2012). "2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update of the 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. [corrected]". Circulation. 126 (14): 1784–800. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182618569. PMID 22965336.
  17. ↑ Kuck KH, Bordachar P, Borggrefe M, Boriani G, Burri H, Leyva F, Schauerte P, Theuns D, Thibault B, Kirchhof P, Hasenfuss G, Dickstein K, Leclercq C, Linde C, Tavazzi L, Ruschitzka F (January 2014). "New devices in heart failure: a European Heart Rhythm Association report: developed by the European Heart Rhythm Association; endorsed by the Heart Failure Association". Europace. 16 (1): 109–28. doi:10.1093/europace/eut311. hdl:11380/1139694. PMID 24265466.
  18. 1 2 3 Metra M, Teerlink JR (October 2017). "Heart failure". Lancet. 390 (10106): 1981–1995. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31071-1. PMID 28460827. S2CID 34893221.
  19. ↑ Retrum JH, Boggs J, Hersh A, Wright L, Main DS, Magid DJ, Allen LA (March 2013). "Patient-identified factors related to heart failure readmissions". Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. 6 (2): 171–177. doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.967356. PMC 4082819. PMID 23386663.
  20. ↑ Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB (January 2012). "Heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 125 (1): e2 – e220. Bibcode:2012Circu.125ac046R. doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31823ac046. PMC 4440543. PMID 22179539.
  21. ↑ "Do we expect the body to be a "One Hoss Shay"?". The Evolution and Medicine Review (in American English). 2010-03-16. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
  22. ↑ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  23. ↑ McDonagh TA (2011). Oxford textbook of heart failure. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-19-957772-9. Archived from the original on 9 August 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
[edit | edit source]
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heart_failure&oldid=96956"