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Hejaz

From Wikipedia
Hejaz
region, historical region
CountrySaudi Arabia Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydMecca Province Edit
Coordinate location23°30′13″N 40°51′35″E Edit
Map

Hejaz be a historical region of de Arabian Peninsula wey dey include de majority of de western region of Saudi Arabia, wey dey cover de cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif den Al-Bahah. E be thus known as de "Western Province",[1] wey e be bordered insyd de west by de Red Sea, insyd de north by Jordan den de Gulf of Suez, insyd de east by de Najd, den insyd de south by Yemen.[2] Ein largest city be Jeddah, wich be de second-largest city insyd Saudi Arabia, plus Mecca den Medina, respectively, e be de third- den fourth-largest cities insyd de country.[3]

As de location of de holy cities of Mecca den Medina, respectively de first den second holiest sites insyd Islam, de Hejaz be significant insyd de Arabo-Islamic historical den political landscape. Dis region be de most populated insyd Saudi Arabia,[4] wey Arabic be de predominant language, as insyd de rest of Saudi Arabia, wey Hejazi Arabic be de most widely spoken dialect hie. Sam Hejazis be of ethnically diverse origins,[3] although de vast majority be of Arab origin.[5]

Etymology

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Dem derive de name of de region from a verb ḥajaza (حَجَز), from de Arabic root ḥ-j-z (ح-ج-ز), wey dey mean "to separate",[6] wey e be so called as e dey separate de land of de Najd insyd de east from de land of Tihāmah insyd de west.

Demographics

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De Hejaz be de most populated region insyd Saudi Arabia,[4] wey dey contain 35% of de population of Saudi Arabia.[7] Chaw people of Hejaz be Sunnis plus a Shia minority insyd de cities of Medina, Mecca den Jeddah.

Geography

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Cities

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Al Bahah Region:

Medina:

  • Al-Madīnah Al-Munawwarah (Medina)
  • Badr[9]
  • Yanbuʿ al-Baḥr (Yanbu)

Mecca Province:

Tabuk Region:

Notable people

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  • Salih of Thamud
  • Shuaib of Midian

Al-Abwa'

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  • Musa al-Kazim ibn Jaʿfar al-Sadiq, descendant of Muhammad[14]

Mecca

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Pre–6th century CE

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  • Qusai ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik ibn An-Nadr ibn Kinanah[15] ibn Khuzaymah ibn Mudrikah ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'add ibn Adnan de descendant of Isma'il ibn Ibrahim ibn Azar ibn Nahor ibn Serug ibn Reu ibn Peleg ibn Eber ibn Shelakh,[16][17] Chief of de Tribe of Quraysh, den an ancestor of Muhammad[18]
  • Qusai ein son Abd-al-Dar[19][20] de poppie of Uthman de poppie of Abdul-Uzza de poppie of Barrah de maternal grandmommie of Muhammad
  • Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, paternal ancestor of Muhammad[21]
  • Abdul-Uzza, son of Qusai, den an ancestor of Barrah bint Abdul-Uzza
  • Hashim, son of Abd Manaf, paternal great-grandpoppie of Muhammad, den de progenitor of Banu Hashim insyd de tribe of Quraysh
  • Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim, paternal grandpoppie of Muhammad
  • Hubbah bint Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah ibn Salul ibn Kaʿb ibn Amr al-Khuzaʿi, wifey of Qusai, den an ancestor of Muhammad
  • Atikah bint Murrah ibn Hilal ibn Falij ibn Dhakwan, wife of Abd Manaf, den an ancestor of Muhammad[21]

Since

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  • Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim
  • Abu Bakr Abdullah ibn Uthman Abu Quhafah ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b, father-in-law of Muhammad, den Caliph
  • Umar ibn Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl ibn Abdul-Uzza de descendant of Adi ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy, father-in-law of Muhammad, den Caliph
  • Ali ibn Abi Talib, cousin den son-in-law of Muhammad, den Caliph
  • Hamzah, son of Abdul-Muttalib, den a paternal uncle of Muhammad, den oda Muhajirun anaa Makkan followers of Muhammad, wey dey include Ubaydah den Sa'd
  • Abu Talib, son of Abdul-Muttalib, chief of Banu Hashim, paternal uncle of Muhammad, den de poppie of Ali
  • Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, Chief of Bani Hashim, den de paternal grandpoppie of Muhammad
  • Khadija bint Khuwaylid[22] ibn Asad ibn Abdul-Uzza ibn Qusai, den oda Meccan wifeys of Muhammad
  • Fatimah,[22] oda daughters of Muhammad, den oda Muhajir women
  • Umm Ammar Sumayyah bint Khayyat, wifey of Yasir ibn Amir ibn Malik al-Ansi, dem believe to be de first martyr from de followers of Muhammad
  • Aminah[18] bint Wahb ibn Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah ibn Kilab ibn Murrah, wifey of Abdullah, den de mommie of Muhammad

Medina

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Pre–6th century CE

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  • Salmah, daughter of Amr, wifey of Hashim, den a great-grandmommie of Muhammad[21]

Since

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  • Caliph Al-Hasan, den oda sons of Ali den grandsons of Muhammad dem born insyd Medina[22]
  • Caliph Umar ibn Abdul-Aziz ibn Marwan ibn Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As ibn Umayyah ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, great-grandson of Umar ibn Al-Khattab
  • Al-Hasan of Basra
  • Muhammad al-Baqir ibn Ali Zaynul-Abidin, grandson of Hasan den Husayn de grandsons of Muhammad[22]
  • Zayd ibn Ali Zaynul-Abidin ibn Husayn ibn Fatimah bint Muhammad, half-bro of Muhammad al-Baqir
  • Ansari women
  • Ja'far al-Sadiq ibn Muhammad al-Baqir[22]
  • Malik de son of Anas ibn Malik ibn Abi Amir al-Asbahi (no be Anas de companion of Muhammad)
  • Ali al-Rida ibn Musa al-Kadhim ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq[22]
  • Fatima bint Musa ibn Ja'far al-Maʿsumah of Qum,[23] sisto of Ali al-Ridha
  • Abu Ali Muhammad al-Jawad ibn Ali al-Ridha[22]

Ta'if

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6th–7th centuries CE

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  • Uthman ibn Affan ibn Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf, son-in-law of Muhammad, den Caliph
  • Urwah ibn Mas'ud, chief of Banu Thaqif
  • Nafi ibn al-Harith, physician[24]

Since

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  • Sharif Ali ibn Ajlan ibn Rumaithah ibn Muhammad, son-in-law den successor of Sultan Ahmad of Brunei, poppie of Sultan Sulaiman, den a descendant of Muhammad[25]

References

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  1. ↑ Mackey, p. 101. "The Western Province, or the Hejaz[...]"
  2. ↑ Hopkins, Daniel J. (2001). Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. p. 479. ISBN 0-87779-546-0. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
  3. 1 2 Leatherdale, Clive (1983). Britain and Saudi Arabia, 1925–1939: The Imperial Oasis. Psychology Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-7146-3220-9.
  4. 1 2 "Mecca: Islam's cosmopolitan heart". Archived from the original on December 14, 2018. Retrieved July 8, 2014. The Hijaz is the largest, most populated, and most culturally and religiously diverse region of Saudi Arabia, in large part because it was the traditional host area of all the pilgrims to Mecca, many of whom settled and intermarried there.
  5. ↑ Minahan, James (1996). Nations Without States: A Historical Dictionary of Contemporary National Movements (in English). Greenwood Press. p. 229. ISBN 978-0-313-28354-3.
  6. ↑ Rutter, Eldon (February 1931). "The Hejaz". The Geographical Journal. 77 (2): 97–108. Bibcode:1931GeogJ..77...97R. doi:10.2307/1784385. JSTOR 1784385.
  7. ↑ "Saudi Arabia Population Statistics 2011 (Arabic)" (PDF). p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 15, 2013.
  8. ↑ "Al-Baha City Profile". The Saudi Network. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved 2012-10-02.
  9. ↑ بـتـصـرف عـن مـجـلـة الأمـانـة الـعـدد عـشـرون شـوال 1419 تـصـدر عـن أمـانـة الـمـديـنـة الـمـنـورة إمـارة مـنـطـقـة الـمـديـنـة الـمـنـورة
  10. ↑ "Brief about Ta'if City". Ta'if City (in Arabic). Taif Municipality. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved 2016-04-26.
  11. ↑ "Rābigh". GeoNames. Archived from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved 2017-11-28.
  12. ↑ "Al-Juhfah | Hajj & Umrah Planner". hajjumrahplanner.com (in British English). April 10, 2017. Archived from the original on September 21, 2022. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
  13. ↑ "Tabouk City Profile, Saudi Arabia". The Saudi Network (in English). Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  14. ↑ "The Infallibles Taken from Kitab al Irshad By Sheikh al Mufid". al-islam.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013. Retrieved 2008-11-20.
  15. ↑ Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris. "The Prophet's Line Family No 3 – Qusayy, Hubbah, and Banu Nadr to Quraysh". Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Dawah. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  16. ↑ Book of Genesis, Chapters 10, 11, 16, 17, 21 and 25
  17. ↑ 1 Chronicles, Chapter 1
  18. 1 2 Ibn Hisham. The Life of the Prophet Muhammad. Vol. 1. p. 181.
  19. ↑ "SUNY Press :: History of al-Tabari Vol. 39, The". Archived from the original on September 12, 2006.
  20. ↑ "Adab of Islam". Masud. Archived from the original on August 5, 2018. Retrieved 2017-08-08.
  21. 1 2 3 Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris. "The Prophet's Family Line No. 4 – Amr (Hashim), the Founder of the Hashimites". Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Dawah. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Chittick, William C. (1981). A Shi'ite Anthology. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-510-2.
  23. ↑ Jaffer, Masuma (2003). Lady Fatima Masuma (a) of Qom. Qum, Iran: Jami'at al-Zahra: Islamic Seminary for Women. Archived from the original on October 15, 2013. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  24. ↑ Browne, Edward G. (2002), Islamic Medicine, Goodword Books, p. 11, ISBN 81-87570-19-9
  25. ↑ "Pusat Sejarah Brunei" (in Malay). www.history-centre.gov.bn. Archived from the original on April 15, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2016.

Read further

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  • Mackey, Sandra (2002). The Saudis: Inside the Desert Kingdom (Updated ed.). New York: W. W. Norton and Company. ISBN 0-393-32417-6. PBK, first edition: 1987.
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Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hejaz&oldid=88519"