Jump to content

Hemorrhoid

From Wikipedia
hemorrhoid
class of disease
Health specialtygeneral surgery Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentbenzocaine, cortisol, phenylephrine, pramoxine, Euphorbia prostrata Edit
ICD-9-CM455, 455.8 Edit
ICPC 2 IDK96 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC26792 Edit

Hemorrhoids (anaa haemorrhoids), dem sanso know am as piles, be vascular structures insyd de anal canal.[1][2] Insyd dema normal state, dem be cushions wey dey help plus stool control.[3] Dem cam be a disease wen swollen anaa inflamed; na de unqualified term hemorrhoid often be used to refer to de disease.[2] De signs den symptoms of hemorrhoids dey depend on de type present.[4] Internal hemorrhoids often dey result in painless, bright red rectal bleeding wen defecating.[4][5] External hemorrhoids often dey result in pain den swelling insyd de area of de anus.[4] If bleeding dey occur, e be usually darker.[4] Symptoms frequently dey get better after a few days.[5] A skin tag fi remain after de healing of an external hemorrhoid.[4]

While de exact cause of hemorrhoids dey remain unknown, a number of factors wey dey increase pressure insyd de abdomen dem believe to be involved.[4] Dis fi include constipation, diarrhea, den dey tap on de toilet for long periods.[5] Hemorrhoids sanso be more common during pregnancy.[5] Dem dey make diagnosis by looking at de area.[5] Chaw people incorrectly dey refer to any symptom wey dey occur around de anal area as hemorrhoids, den serious causes of de symptoms fi be ruled out.[3] Colonoscopy anaa sigmoidoscopy be reasonable to confirm de diagnosis den rule out more serious causes.[6]

Often, dem no dey hia specific treatment wey hemorrhoids no dey cause symptoms no dey require treatment.[6][7] Initial measures dey consist of increasing fiber intake, drinking fluids to maintain hydration, NSAIDs to help plus pain, den rest.[8] Dem fi apply medicated creams to de area, buh dema effectiveness be poorly supported by evidence.[6] Dem fi perform a number of minor procedures if symptoms be severe anaa dem no improve plus conservative management.[9] Hemorrhoidal artery embolization (HAE) be a safe den effective minimally invasive procedure wey dem fi be performed wey ebe typically better tolerate dan traditional therapies.[10][11][12] Dem reserve surgery give those wey fail to improve dey follow dese measures.[9]

Approximately 50% to 66% of people get problems plus hemorrhoids at sam point insyd dema lives.[5][8] Males den females both be affected plus about equal frequency.[8] Hemorrhoids dey affect people most often between 45 den 65 years of age,[13] wey dem be more common among de wealthy,[4] although dis fi reflect differences insyd healthcare access rather dan true prevalence.[14] Outcomes be usually good.[5][6]

De first known mention of de disease be from a 1700 BC Egyptian papyrus.[15]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ↑ Chen, Herbert (2010). Illustrative Handbook of General Surgery. Berlin: Springer. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-84882-088-3.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schubert, MC; Sridhar, S; Schade, RR; Wexner, SD (July 2009). "What every gastroenterologist needs to know about common anorectal disorders". World J Gastroenterol. 15 (26): 3201–09. doi:10.3748/wjg.15.3201. ISSN 1007-9327. PMC 2710774. PMID 19598294.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Beck, David E. (2011). The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 175. ISBN 978-1-4419-1581-8. Archived from the original on 2014-12-30.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Sun, Z; Migaly, J (March 2016). "Review of Hemorrhoid Disease: Presentation and Management". Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 29 (1): 22–29. doi:10.1055/s-0035-1568144. PMC 4755769. PMID 26929748.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 "Hemorrhoids". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. November 2013. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Hollingshead, JR; Phillips, RK (January 2016). "Haemorrhoids: modern diagnosis and treatment". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 92 (1083): 4–8. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133328. PMID 26561592. S2CID 207022763.
  7. ↑ Ashburn, Jean H. (18 August 2025). "Hemorrhoidal Disease: A Review". JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.13083.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Lorenzo-Rivero, S (August 2009). "Hemorrhoids: diagnosis and current management". Am Surg. 75 (8): 635–42. doi:10.1177/000313480907500801. PMID 19725283. S2CID 220122385.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Rivadeneira, DE; Steele, SR; Ternent, C; Chalasani, S; Buie, WD; Rafferty, JL; Standards Practice Task Force of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (September 2011). "Practice parameters for the management of hemorrhoids (revised 2010)". Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 54 (9): 1059–64. doi:10.1097/DCR.0b013e318225513d. PMID 21825884. S2CID 29688768.
  10. ↑ "Hemorrhoidal Artery Embolization (HAE)". www.uclahealth.org (in English). Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  11. ↑ UCLA Health (2024-06-24). Hemorrhoidal Artery Embolization Minimally Invasive Treatment for Symptomatic Internal Hemorrhoids. Retrieved 2024-07-18 – via YouTube.
  12. ↑ Makris, Gregory C.; Thulasidasan, Narayan; Malietzis, George; Kontovounisios, Christos; Saibudeen, Affan; Uberoi, Raman; Diamantopoulos, Athanasios; Sapoval, Marc; Vidal, Vincent (January 2021). "Catheter-Directed Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization Technique for the Management of Hemorrhoids: A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Evidence". Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 32 (8): 1119–1127. doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.548. ISSN 1051-0443. PMID 33971251.
  13. ↑ Kaidar-Person, O; Person, B; Wexner, SD (January 2007). "Hemorrhoidal disease: A comprehensive review" (PDF). Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 204 (1): 102–17. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.08.022. PMID 17189119. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-22.
  14. ↑ Lohsiriwat, Varut (2012). "Hemorrhoids: From basic pathophysiology to clinical management". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 18 (17): 2009–2017. doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2009. PMC 3342598. PMID 22563187.
  15. ↑ Ellesmore, Windsor (2002). "Surgical History of Haemorrhoids". In Charles MV (ed.). Surgical Treatment of Haemorrhoids. London: Springer.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
[edit | edit source]
Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to Hemorrhoids.
  • Davis, BR; Lee-Kong, SA; Migaly, J; Feingold, DL; Steele, SR (March 2018). "The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids". Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 61 (3): 284–292. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001030. PMID 29420423. S2CID 4198610.
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hemorrhoid&oldid=81732"