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Hepatitis

From Wikipedia
hepatitis
class of disease, signs den symptoms
Subclass ofliver disease, inflammation, liver symptom, disease, pandemic and epidemic-prone diseases Edit
Has effectliver cirrhosis Edit
Dey afflictliver Edit
Health specialtygastroenterology, hepatology, infectious diseases, internal medicine, family medicine Edit
Symptoms and signsjaundice, anorexia, abdominal pain, hepatomegaly Edit
Medical examinationblood test, liver biopsy Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentledipasvir/sofosbuvir, ribavirin, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2a, sofosbuvir Edit
Anatomical locationliver Edit
Relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicatorTarget 3.3 of the Sustainable Development Goals Edit
ICD-9-CM570, 571.4, 571.40, 571.41 Edit
ICPC 2 IDD72 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC3095 Edit

Hepatitis be inflammation of de liver tissue.[1][2] Sam people anaa animals plus hepatitis get no symptoms, wer as odas dey develop yellow discoloration of de skin den whites of de eyes (jaundice), poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, den diarrhea.[3][4] Hepatitis be acute if e dey resolve within six months, den chronic if e dey last longer dan six months.[3][5] Acute hepatitis fi resolve on ein own, progress to chronic hepatitis, anaa (rarely) result in acute liver failure.[6] Chronic hepatitis fi progress to scarring of de liver (cirrhosis), liver failure, den liver cancer.[1][7]

Hepatitis be most commonly caused by de virus hepatovirus A, B, C, D, den E.[1][4] Oda viruses sanso fi cause liver inflammation, wey dey include cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, den yellow fever virus. Oda common causes of hepatitis dey include heavy alcohol use, certain medications, toxins, oda infections, autoimmune diseases,[1][4] den non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).[8] Hepatitis A den E mainly be spread by contaminated chow den water.[1] Hepatitis B mainly be sexually transmitted, buh sanso fi be passed from mommie to baby during pregnancy anaa childbirth den spread thru infected blood.[1] Hepatitis C commonly be spread thru infected blood; for example, during needle sharing by intravenous drug users.[1] Hepatitis D fi infect people already infected per plus hepatitis B.[1]

Hepatitis A, B, den D be preventable plus immunization.[4] Medications fi be used to treat chronic viral hepatitis.[3] Antiviral medications be recommended insyd all plus chronic hepatitis C, except those plus conditions wey dey limit dema life expectancy.[9] Der be no specific treatment for NASH; physical activity, a healthy diet, den weight loss be recommended.[8] Autoimmune hepatitis fi be treated plus medications to suppress de immune system.[10] A liver transplant fi be an option insyd both acute den chronic liver failure.[11]

Worldwide insyd 2015, na hepatitis A occur insyd about 114 million people, na chronic hepatitis B affect about 343 million people den chronic hepatitis C about 142 million people.[12] Insyd de United States, NASH dey affect about 11 million people den alcoholic hepatitis dey affect about 5 million people.[8][13] Hepatitis dey result in more dan a million deaths a year, chaw of wich dey occur indirectly from liver scarring anaa liver cancer.[1][14] Insyd de United States, hepatitis A be estimated to occur insyd about 2,500 people a year den dey result in about 75 deaths.[15] De word be derived from de Greek hêpar (ἧπαρ), wey dey mean "liver", den -itis (-ῖτις), wey dey mean "inflammation".[16]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Hepatitis". NIAID. Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  2. ↑ "Hepatitis". MedlinePlus. 2020-05-20. Retrieved 2020-07-19. Your liver is the largest organ inside your body. It helps your body digest food, store energy, and remove poisons. Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver.
  3. 1 2 3 "Hepatitis". MedlinePlus. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "What is hepatitis?". WHO. July 2016. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  5. ↑ "Hepatitis (Hepatitis A, B, and C) | ACG Patients". patients.gi.org. Archived from the original on 2017-02-23.
  6. ↑ Bernal W.; Wendon J. (2013). "Acute Liver Failure". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (26): 2525–2534. doi:10.1056/nejmra1208937. PMID 24369077. S2CID 205116503.
  7. ↑ "Esto es la hepatitis: Conócela, enfréntate a ella". Infoterio Noticias | Ciencia y Tecnología (in Spanish). 8 August 2022. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
  8. 1 2 3 "Fatty Liver Disease (Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis)". NIDDK. May 2014. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  9. ↑ AASLD/IDSA HCV Guidance Panel (2015-09-01). "Hepatitis C guidance: AASLD-IDSA recommendations for testing, managing, and treating adults infected with hepatitis C virus". Hepatology. 62 (3): 932–954. doi:10.1002/hep.27950. ISSN 1527-3350. PMID 26111063.
  10. ↑ "Autoimmune Hepatitis". NIDDK. March 2014. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  11. ↑ "Liver Transplant". NIDDK. April 2012. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  12. ↑ Vos, Theo; Allen, Christine; Arora, Megha; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Brown, Alexandria; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Z.; Coggeshall, Megan; Cornaby, Leslie; Dandona, Lalit; Dicker, Daniel J.; Dilegge, Tina; Erskine, Holly E.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Fleming, Tom; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Graetz, Nicholas; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hay, Simon I.; Johnson, Catherine O.; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kawashima, Toana; et al. (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  13. ↑ Basra, Sarpreet (2011). "Definition, epidemiology and magnitude of alcoholic hepatitis". World Journal of Hepatology. 3 (5): 108–13. doi:10.4254/wjh.v3.i5.108. PMC 3124876. PMID 21731902.
  14. ↑ Wang, Haidong; Naghavi, Mohsen; Allen, Christine; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Zian; Coates, Matthew M.; Coggeshall, Megan; Dandona, Lalit; Dicker, Daniel J.; Erskine, Holly E.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Foreman, Kyle; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Fraser, Maya S.; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Graetz, Nicholas; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hay, Simon I.; Huynh, Chantal; Johnson, Catherine O.; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kinfu, Yohannes; et al. (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  15. ↑ "Statistics & Surveillance Division of Viral Hepatitis CDC". CDC. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  16. ↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-20. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
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