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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

From Wikipedia
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
designated intractable/rare disease, rare disease, class of disease
Subclass ofintrinsic cardiomyopathy, disease Edit
Health specialtycardiology Edit
Medical examinationHypertrophic cardiomyopathy screening Edit
External data available at URLhttp://www.nanbyou.or.jp/entry/177 Edit
Possible medical findingsabnormal fourth heart sound Edit
ICD-9-CM425.11, 425.1 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC34449, C84773 Edit

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, anaa HOCM wen obstructive) be a condition insyd wich muscle tissues of de heart cam be thickened widout an obvious cause.[1] De parts of de heart wey be most commonly affected be de interventricular septum den de ventricles.[2] Dis dey result in de heart be less able to pump blood effectively wey sanso fi cause electrical conduction problems.[3] Specifically affected be de bundle branches wey dey conduct impulses thru de interventricular septum den into de Purkinje fibers, as dese be responsible for de depolarization of contractile cells of both ventricles.[4]

People wey get hypertrophic cardiomyopathy fi get a range of symptoms. People fi be asymptomatic, anaa dem fi get fatigue, leg swelling, den shortness of breath.[5] E sanso fi result in chest pain anaa fainting.[5] Symptoms fi be worse wen de person be dehydrated.[2] Complications fi include heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, den sudden cardiac death.[3][6]

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy most commonly be inherited insyd an autosomal dominant pattern.[2][7] E often be secof mutations insyd certain genes wey be involved plus making heart muscle proteins.[7] Oda inherited causes of left ventricular hypertrophy dey include Fabry disease den Friedreich's ataxia.[8] Oda considerations for causes of enlarged heart be athlete's heart den hypertension (high blood pressure).[2] Making de diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy often dey involve a family history anaa pedigree, an electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, den stress testing.[9] Genetic testing be recommended for affected people den dema family members.[9][10] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy fi be distinguished from oda inherited causes of cardiomyopathy by ein autosomal dominant pattern, whereas Fabry disease be X-linked, wey Friedreich's ataxia be inherited insyd an autosomal recessive pattern.[2]

Treatment dey depend on symptoms den oda risk factors. Medications fi include beta blockers, verapamil anaa disopyramide.[1] An implantable cardiac defibrillator fi be recommended insyd those plus certain types of irregular heartbeat.[9] Surgery, insyd de form of a septal myectomy anaa heart transplant, dem fi do insyd those wey no dey improve plus oda measures.[9] Plus treatment, de risk of death from de disease be less dan one percent per year.[11]

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy dey affect up to one insyd 500 people.[1] People of all ages may be affected.[12] Na de first modern description of de disease be by Donald Teare insyd 1958.[13][14]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 Cui H, Schaff HV (2020). "80. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy". In Raja SG (ed.). Cardiac Surgery: A Complete Guide (in English). Switzerland: Springer. pp. 735–748. ISBN 978-3-030-24176-6. Archived from the original on 10 January 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Basit H, Brito D, Sharma S (2020). "Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 28613539. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  3. 1 2 "What Is Cardiomyopathy?". NHLBI. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 10 November 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  4. ↑ Bernardini A, Crotti L, Olivotto I, Cecchi F (May 2023). "Diagnostic and prognostic electrocardiographic features in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy". European Heart Journal Supplements. 25 (Suppl C): C173 – C178. doi:10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad074. PMC 10132576. PMID 37125268.
  5. 1 2 "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Cardiomyopathy?". NHLBI. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  6. ↑ Barsheshet A, Brenyo A, Moss AJ, Goldenberg I (October 2011). "Genetics of sudden cardiac death". Current Cardiology Reports. 13 (5): 364–376. doi:10.1007/s11886-011-0209-y. PMID 21789574. S2CID 25887172.
  7. 1 2 "What Causes Cardiomyopathy?". NHLBI. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  8. ↑ Ferri FF (2017). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2018 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 246. ISBN 978-0-323-52957-0. Archived from the original on 10 November 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Gersh BJ, Maron BJ, Bonow RO, Dearani JA, Fifer MA, Link MS, Naidu SS, Nishimura RA, Ommen SR, Rakowski H, Seidman CE, Towbin JA, Udelson JE, Yancy CW (December 2011). "2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 142 (6): 1303–1338. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.019. PMID 22093712.
  10. ↑ Braunwald, Eugene (30 August 2025). "Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2413445.
  11. ↑ Maron BJ, Ommen SR, Semsarian C, Spirito P, Olivotto I, Maron MS (July 2014). "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: present and future, with translation into contemporary cardiovascular medicine". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 64 (1): 83–99. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.003. PMID 24998133.
  12. ↑ "Types of Cardiomyopathy". NHLBI. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  13. ↑ Teare D (January 1958). "Asymmetrical hypertrophy of the heart in young adults". British Heart Journal. 20 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1136/hrt.20.1.1. PMC 492780. PMID 13499764.
  14. ↑ McKenna WJ, Sen-Chowdhry S (December 2008). "From Teare to the present day: a fifty year odyssey in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a paradigm for the logic of the discovery process". Revista Espanola de Cardiologia. 61 (12): 1239–1244. doi:10.1016/S1885-5857(09)60050-5. PMID 19080961. Archived from the original on 11 November 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
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