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Isra' and Mi'raj

From Wikipedia
Isra and Mi'raj
religious holiday, event, occurrence
Part ofMuhammad at Mecca Edit
Facet giveMiracles of Muhammad Edit
Name in native languageالإسراء والمعراج Edit
Vocalized nameالْإِسْرَاءُ وَالْمِعْرَاجُ Edit
Religion anaa worldviewIslam Edit
Day in year for periodic occurrence27 Rajab Edit
Start pointAl-Masjid Al-Haram Edit
ViaAl-Aqsa Edit
Destination pointSidrat al-Muntaha Edit
ParticipantMuhammad, Jibril Edit
VesselBuraq Edit
Physically dey interact plusHoly Land in Islam Edit
1543 illustration of Muhammad ein Night Journey. Ein ascension to de heavens often be interpreted as an allegory give de human soul wey dey ascend to de celestial realms insyd Islamic philosophy.

De Israʾ and Miʿraj (Arabic: الإسراء والمعراج, al-’Isrā’ wal-Miʿrāj) be de names dem give to de narrations wey de Islamic prophet Muhammad ascend to de sky during a night journey, wey he get a vision of afterlife, den returned. Dem dey believe say expressions widout a subject insyd verses 1-18 of Surāh an-Najm den sam verses of de 17th chapter of de Quran, dem commonly call Surāh al-’Isrā’, allude to de story.

Ibn Sa'd dey summarize de earliest version of de written stories;[1] According to am, de angels Gabriel den Michael accompany Muhammad to a place insyd de sacred precinct of de Kaaba, between de well of Zamzam den Maqam Ibrahim. Der, dem say dem set up a ladder (miʿrāj) by Muhammad den Gabriel, plus ein help dem ascend to heaven. Wen he reach de top, dem say Muhammad meet de previous prophets. According to one version of de tradition, Gabriel hold Muhammad ein hand tightly wey he ascend plus am to heaven.[2] Wen he reach de Sidrat al-Muntaha dem mention insyd Sura 53, verse 14,[3] Muhammad see heaven den hell. So, he be required to perform de original fifty prayers, buh he negotiate plus God to reduce de prayers to 5 wey dem grant am de Last two verses of Al-Baqarah, dem know as de treasure from God ein throne.

De framework den se details be elaborated den developed[4][5] insyd various miraculous accounts, sam of wich be based on hadith—alleged reports of de teachings, deeds, den sayings of Muhammad—dem compile centuries after ein lifetime. Insyd mystical accounts, de Journey often be interpreted as an individual spiritual ascencion.

Hans Wehr dey say dat de 27th night of de month of Rajab dem choose for de Miraj no be based on a report wey e be an arbitrary choice;[6] Ibn Sa'd record say Muhammad ein Mi'raj take place first, from near de Kaaba to de heavens, on de 27th of Ramadan, 18 months before de Hijrah, while de Isra' from Mecca to Bayt al-Maqdis take place on de 17th night of de Rabi' al-Awwal before de Hijrah as two different, unconnected events.[7] Insyd Ibn Hisham ein account, de Isra' cam first den then de Mi'raj, wey he put dese stories before de deaths of Khadija den Abu Talib. Insyd contrast, Al-Tabari place dis story at de beginning of Muhammad ein public ministry, between ein account of Khadija becoming "de first to believe insyd de Messenger of God" den ein account of "de first male to believe insyd de Messenger of God".[8]

De 27th night of de month of Rajab, be one of de most celebrated holy days den nights insyd de Islamic calendar.[9]

References

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  1. ↑ H. Busse 1991, S. 7"
  2. ↑ H.Busse (1991), S. 8
  3. ↑ So in der Übersetzung von „sidrat al-muntahā“ bei Rudi Paret; bei H. Busse (1991), S. 7 steht: Lotusbaum
  4. ↑ Zeidan., Adam. "Miʿrāj". Britannica. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  5. ↑ Yitzhak Reiter (2008), Jerusalem and Its Role in Islamic Solidarity, Springer, p. 21.: "The issue of al-Aqsa Mosque's location has been subject to much debate within Islam, and even today there are those who believe it is not in Jerusalem at all, according to one claim, the text was meant to refer to the Mosque of the Prophet in al-Madina or in a place close to al-Madina. Another perception is that of the Ja’fari Shiites, who interpret that al-Aqsa as a mosque in heaven. This interpretation reflects the Shiite anti-Umayyad emotions in an attempt to play down the sacredness of Umayyad Jerusalem and to minimize the sanctity of Jerusalem by detaching the qur'anic al-Masjid al-aqsa from the Temple Mount, thus asserting that the Prophet never came to that city, but rather ascended to the heavenly al-Aqsa mosque without ever stopping in bayt al-Maqdis [Jerusalem]. Apart from depriving Jerusalem of its major attraction for pilgrims, the Shiite traditions offer alternative pilgrimage attractions such as the Shiite holy city of Kufa, as well as Mecca. However, the tradition about Muhammad's Night Journey to Jerusalem were never suppressed. They were exploited by the Umayyads and continued to be quoted in the tafsir (Qur’an interpretation) collections. The interpretation dating from the Umayyad and Crusader eras, according to which al-Aqsa is in Jerusalem, is the one that prevailed."
  6. ↑ Die Angaben in Hans Wehr: Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (ʿ-r-ǧ): die Himmelfahrt (die Muḥammad von Jerusalem aus am 27. Raǧab unternommen hat) sind entsprechend zu korrigieren. Dies geht nicht auf das Traditionsmaterial, sondern auf den willkürlich festgelegten Festtag der Muslime zurück
  7. ↑ "Mi'raj - wikishia". en.wikishia.net. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  8. ↑ Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 366.
  9. ↑ Bradlow, Khadija (18 August 2007). "A night journey through Jerusalem". Times Online. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
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