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Karatay Madrasa

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Karatay Madrasah
madrasa
Part ofAnatolian Seljuks Madrasahs Edit
Year dem found am1955 Edit
CountryTurkey Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydKonya, Karatay Edit
Located in/on physical featureCentral Anatolia Region Edit
Coordinate location37°52′30″N 32°29′34″E Edit
State of conservationpreserved Edit
Category for the exterior of the itemCategory:Exterior of Karatay Madrasa, Konya Edit
Category for the interior of the itemCategory:Interior of Karatay Madrasa, Konya Edit
Map

Karatay Madrasa (Turkish: Karatay Medresesi) be a madrasa (a school plus a frequently buh no be absolutely religious focus) insyd Konya, Turkey wey dey locate for de foot of de citadel hill, across from de ruins of de Seljuk palace den in view of de Alâeddin Mosque. Since 1954, na de building serve as a museum wey dey display a collection of historic tile art, particularly from de Seljuk period. De madrasa den de Karatay Han, a caravanserai dem plete insyd de 1240s, be de largest extant monuments insyd Konya den ein immediate regions.[1]

History

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Na dem found am insyd 1251 by de vizier Jalal al-Din Qaratay (d. 1254) during de joint rule of de bros Kayqubad II, Kaykaus II, den Kilij Arslan IV.[1][2][3] Na dem build de madrasa next to de Küçük Karatay Madrasa, wich no longer dey exist.[1] Na dem build de monument after de Mongol invasions of Anatolia den as a result de design no be strictly Seljuk for nature. Dem bury Jalal al-Din most likely insyd a side room of de Karatay Madrasa, wich dey contain a cenotaph.[1]

Insyd de records of Shams al-Din Ahmad Aflaki, a biographer of Rumi, na madrasa be a place wer gatherings of both Sufis den scholars take place.[1] Despite de recorded presence of Sufis, de document dey list de madrasa ein endowment (waqfiyya) dey state: "Na he [de founder] stipulate say de müderris (teacher of Islamic law insyd a madrasa) for be Hanafi...", likely na secof de Seljuk rulers be largely Hanafi.[1]

Ba de tile manufacture of de madrasa be likely coordinated by Muhammad al-Tusi, a master ceramicist from de Iranian city of Tus insyd Khurasan, wey na he sanso be responsible for de tile decoration of de Sırçalı Madrasa.[4]

Architecture

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De madrasa get a rectangular floor plan wey dey measure approximately 31.5 by 26.5 metres (103 by 87 ft).[5] A vestibule dey enter am thru a vestibule for de southeast side, for de corner of de building. From de outside, de entrance dey feature a highly ornate stone portal wey dey featur Arabic inscriptions, geometric den floral motifs, ablaq masonry (wey dey alternate bands of grey den white marble), den a muqarnas canopy over de doorway.[5] De portal, wich no be joined to de body of de building, be similar to dat of de Alâeddin Mosque; de stonework be likely de work of craftsmen from northern Syria insyd de 1220s. Ebe possible say na dem previously build de portal for de same time as de Alâeddin Mosque wey na dem reuse am for de madrasa.[1]

  • Exterior
  • Exterior of de madrasa
    Exterior of de madrasa
  • De entrance portal
    De entrance portal
  • Detail of de ablaq den muqarnas stonework insyd de portal
    Detail of de ablaq den muqarnas stonework insyd de portal

Around dis main hall a number of doorways dey lead to wat na be formerly small private rooms anaa sleeping quarters for students, buh dese fell into ruin by de 20th century den dema current form dates from a reconstruction insyd de 1970s.[5] For de west syd of de hall be an iwan (a vaulted room wey dey opens directly for de main hall). Two domed rooms sanso dey exist for either side of de iwan, dem access directly from de main hall. Na dese be likely classrooms, of wich na de iwan be likely de main one while de odas na dem intend dem fi use for winter use.[5] De one for de north syd of de iwan na dem sanso be ruined insyd modern times. De southern one na dem use am as a burial chamber wey dey contain a cenotaph, most likely dat of de founder, Jalal ad-Din Qaratay.[1][5]

  • Interior
  • Main hall of de madrasa/museum
    Main hall of de madrasa/museum
  • Dome above de main hall
    Dome above de main hall
  • View of de dome transition, plus de arch of de iwan visible below am
    View of de dome transition, plus de arch of de iwan visible below am
  • Detail of tilework insyd de dome
    Detail of tilework insyd de dome
  • De iwan dey branch off de main hall
    De iwan dey branch off de main hall
  • Tomb chamber for de southwest corner, wer na dem likely bury Jalal al-Din Qaratay
    Tomb chamber for de southwest corner, wer na dem likely bury Jalal al-Din Qaratay

Museum

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Since 1954,[6] de place dey serve as a museum wer na dem unite Seljuk tiles, while artifacts insyd stone anaa insyd wood dey on display insyd Ince Minaret Madrasa, sanso dey insyd Konya.[7][8] Na dem particularly enrich de collection of Karatay Museum by de finds dem collect from de Kubadabad Palace royal summer residence for Lake Beyşehir shore top, at eighty miles from Konya to de west, wich na dem excavate since de 1960s.[9][10]

Na dem carry out a restoration of de building insyd 2006.[11] Na anoda restoration project dey in progress as of 2019.[12]

  • Ceramic plates for display as part of de museum
    Ceramic plates for display as part of de museum
  • Reconstituted tile mosaic from Kubadabad Palace for display
    Reconstituted tile mosaic from Kubadabad Palace for display
  • Kubadabad Palace tile
    Kubadabad Palace tile
  • Kubadabad Palace tile
    Kubadabad Palace tile
  • Fragments of gypsum decorations
    Fragments of gypsum decorations

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Blessing, Patricia (2016). Rebuilding Anatolia after the Mongol Conquest: Islamic Architecture in the Lands of Rum, 1240–1330 (in English). Routledge. pp. 23–47. ISBN 978-1-351-90628-9.
  2. ↑ Bloom, Jonathan; Blair, Sheila (2009). Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture: Three-Volume Set (in English). Oxford University Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-19-530991-1.
  3. ↑ Blessing, Patricia (2022). Architecture and Material Politics in the Fifteenth-century Ottoman Empire (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 89–90. doi:10.1017/9781009042727. ISBN 978-1-009-04272-7.
  4. ↑ Canby, Sheila R.; Beyazit, Deniz; Rugiadi, Martina; Peacock, A. C. S. (2016). Court and Cosmos: The Great Age of the Seljuqs (in English). Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 283–284. ISBN 978-1-58839-589-4.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Demiralp, Yekta. "Karatay Madrasa". Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  6. ↑ Mülâyim, Selçuk (2001). "Karatay Medresesi". TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  7. ↑ McClary, Richard P. (2017). Rum Seljuq Architecture, 1170-1220: The Patronage of Sultans (in English). Edinburgh University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-4744-1748-8.
  8. ↑ Renard, John (1998). Windows on the House of Islam: Muslim Sources on Spirituality and Religious Life (in English). University of California Press. p. 287. ISBN 978-0-520-21086-8.
  9. ↑ Walker, Bethany; Fenwick, Corisande; Insoll, Timothy, eds. (2020). The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Archaeology (in English). Oxford University Press. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-19-998787-0.
  10. ↑ McClary, Richard P. (2017). Rum Seljuq Architecture, 1170-1220: The Patronage of Sultans (in English). Edinburgh University Press. pp. 38 (see note 37). ISBN 978-1-4744-1748-8.
  11. ↑ "Konya Karatay Tile Works Museum | Turkish Museums". Turkish Museum (in English). Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  12. ↑ "Tile Museum | Konya, Turkey | Attractions". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
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