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Kawasaki disease

From Wikipedia
Kawasaki disease
class of disease
Subclass oflymphadenitis, immune disorder, predominantly medium-vessel vasculitis, disease Edit
Dem name afterTomisaku Kawasaki Edit
Discoverer or inventorTomisaku Kawasaki Edit
Health specialtyimmunology, pediatrician Edit
Symptoms and signsstrawberry tongue, lymphadenopathy, fever, diarrhea, inflammation Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentinfliximab, aspirin, immunoglobulin therapy Edit
ICD-9-CM446.1 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC34825 Edit

Kawasaki disease (dem sanso know as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) be a syndrome of unknown cause wey dey result insyd a fever den mainly dey affect kiddies under 5 years of age.[1] E be a form of vasculitis, insyd wich medium-sized blood vessels cam be inflamed thru out de body.[2] De fever typically dey last for more dan five days wey e no be affected by usual medications.[2] Oda common symptoms dey include large lymph nodes insyd de neck, a rash insyd de genital area, lips, palms, anaa soles of de feet, den red eyes.[2] Within three weeks of de onset, de skin from de hands den feet fi peel, after wich recovery typically dey occur.[2] De disease be de leading cause of acquired heart disease insyd kiddies insyd developed countries, wich dey include de formation of coronary artery aneurysms den myocarditis.[2][3]

While de specific cause be unknown, dem dey think e result from an excessive immune response to particular infections insyd kiddies wey be genetically predisposed to those infections.[1] E no be an infectious disease, wey be, e no dey spread between people.[4] Diagnosis usually be based on a person ein signs den symptoms.[2] Oda tests such as an ultrasound of de heart den blood tests fi support de diagnosis.[2] Diagnosis for take into account chaw oda conditions wey fi present similar features, wey dey include scarlet fever den juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.[5] Multisystem inflammatory syndrome insyd kiddies, a "Kawasaki-like" disease dem associate plus COVID-19,[6] dey appear e get distinct features.[7][8] Anoda disease wey originally fi be presented plus de same symptoms be measles. Dis be secof similar symptoms such as red eyes, persistent fever, den swollen hands/feet. However, Kawasaki disease no be spread de way measles fi be spread from person to person.[9]

Typically, initial treatment of Kawasaki disease dey consist of high doses of aspirin den immunoglobulin.[2] Usually, plus treatment, fever dey resolve within 24 hours den full recovery dey occur.[2] If de coronary arteries be involved, ongoing treatment anaa surgery occasionally fi be required.[2] Widout treatment, coronary artery aneurysms dey occur insyd up to 25% wey about 1% die.[10][11] Plus treatment, de risk of death be reduced to 0.17%.[11] People wey na dem get coronary artery aneurysms after Kawasaki disease dey require lifelong cardiological monitoring by specialized teams.[12]

Kawasaki disease be rare.[2] E dey affect between 8 den 67 per 100,000 people under de age of five except insyd Japan, wer e dey affect 124 per 100,000.[13] Boys be more commonly affected dan girlies.[2] Dem name de disorder after Japanese pediatrician Tomisaku Kawasaki, wey first describe am insyd 1967.[13][14]

References

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  1. 1 2 McCrindle BW, Rowley AH, Newburger JW, Burns JC, Bolger AF, Gewitz M, Baker AL, Jackson MA, Takahashi M, Shah PB, Kobayashi T, Wu MH, Saji TT, Pahl E (2017). "Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease: A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 135 (17): e927 – e999. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000484. PMID 28356445."Correction". Circulation. 140 (5): e181 – e184. 2019. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000703. PMID 31356128.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Kawasaki Disease". PubMed Health (in English). NHLBI Health Topics. 11 June 2014. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  3. ↑ Owens, AM (2023). Kawasaki Disease. StatPearls Publishing.
  4. ↑ Modesti, AM; Plewa, MC (24 July 2019). "Kawasaki Disease". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. PMID 30725848. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020.
  5. ↑ de Graeff N, Groot N, Ozen S, et al. (2019). "European consensus-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease – the SHARE initiative" (PDF). Rheumatology (Oxford). 58 (4): 672–82. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/key344. PMID 30535127. S2CID 54477877.
  6. ↑ Galeotti C, Bayry J (2020). "Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases following COVID-19". Nature Reviews. Rheumatology. 16 (8): 413–414. doi:10.1038/s41584-020-0448-7. PMC 7271827. PMID 32499548.
  7. ↑ Lin J, Harahsheh AS, Raghuveer G, et al. (2023). "Emerging Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19 in Children". Can J Cardiol. 39 (6): 793–802. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.01.002. PMC 9824951. PMID 36626979.
  8. ↑ Abrams JY, Godfred-Cato SE, Oster ME, et al. (2020). "Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review". The Journal of Pediatrics. 226: 45–54.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.003. PMC 7403869. PMID 32768466.
  9. ↑ Lin J, Harahsheh AS, Raghuveer G, et al. (2023). "Emerging Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19 in Children". Can J Cardiol. 39 (6): 793–802. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.01.002. PMC 9824951. PMID 36626979.
  10. ↑ Kim DS (December 2006). "Kawasaki disease". Yonsei Medical Journal. 47 (6): 759–72. doi:10.3349/ymj.2006.47.6.759. PMC 2687814. PMID 17191303.
  11. 1 2 "Merck Manual, Online edition: Kawasaki Disease". 2014. Archived from the original on 2010-01-02. Retrieved Aug 26, 2016.
  12. ↑ Brogan P, Burns JC, Cornish J, et al. (2020). "Lifetime cardiovascular management of patients with previous Kawasaki disease". Heart. 106 (6): 411–20. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315925. PMC 7057818. PMID 31843876.
  13. 1 2 Lai WW, Mertens LL, Cohen MS, Geva T (2015). Echocardiography in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: From Fetus to Adult (in English) (2 ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 739. ISBN 978-1-118-74248-8. Archived from the original on 2017-09-11.
  14. ↑ Kawasaki T (March 1967). "[Acute febrile mucocutaneous syndrome with lymphoid involvement with specific desquamation of the fingers and toes in children]". Arerugi. 16 (3): 178–222. PMID 6062087.
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