Jump to content

Lorazepam

From Wikipedia
lorazepam
type of chemical entity
Subclass ofbenzodiazepine drug Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Stylized nameLORazepam Edit
Chemical formulaC₁₅H₁₀Cl₂N₂O₂ Edit
Canonical SMILESC1=CC=C(C(=C1)C2=NC(C(=O)NC3=C2C=C(C=C3)Cl)O)Cl Edit
Active ingredient inAtivan Edit
World Health Organisation international non-proprietary namelorazepam Edit
Found insyd taxonpotato, Triticum aestivum Edit
Physically dey interact plusAlpha-1B adrenergic receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 68 Edit
Legal status (medicine)boxed warning Edit
Pregnancy categoryAustralian pregnancy category C, US pregnancy category D Edit
LiverTox likelihood scoreLiverTox toxicity likelihood category E Edit
ManufacturerPfizer Edit
MCN code2933.91.42 Edit

Lorazepam, dem sell under de brand name Ativan among odas, be a benzodiazepine medication.[1] Dem dey use to treat anxiety (wey dey include anxiety disorders), insomnia, severe agitation, active seizures wey dey include status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal, den chemotherapy-induced nausea den vomiting.[1] Dem sanso dey use am during surgery to interfere plus memory formation, to sedate those wey be mechanically ventilated, den, along plus oda treatments, for acute coronary syndrome secof cocaine use.[1][2] Dem fi give am orally (by mouth), transdermally (on de skin via a topical gel anaa patch), intravenously (injection into a vein), anaa intramuscularly (injection into a muscle).[1] Wen dem give am by injection, onset of effects be between one den thirty minutes wey ein effects dey last for up to a day.[1]

Common side effects dey include weakness, sleepiness, dizziness, decreased alertness, decreased memory formation, low blood pressure, den a decreased effort to breathe.[1] Wen given intravenously, de person typically be closely monitored.[1] Among those wey be depressed, der fi be an increased risk of suicide.[1][3] Plus long-term use, tolerance fi develop, plus larger doses be required for de same effect.[1] Physical dependence den psychological dependence sanso fi occur.[1] If dem stop suddenly after long-term use, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome fi occur.[1] Older people more often dey develop adverse effects.[4] Insyd dis age group, lorazepam be associated plus falls den hip fractures.[5] Secof dese concerns, lorazepam use be generally recommended for up to four weeks.[6]

Na dem initially patent lorazepam insyd 1963 wey e go on sale insyd de United States insyd 1977.[7][8] E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9] E be available as a generic medication.[1] Insyd 2023, na e be de 100th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 6 million prescriptions.[10][11]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Lorazepam". drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 29 June 2016. Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  2. ↑ "Lorazepam: MedlinePlus Drug Information". medlineplus.gov. 1 October 2010. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
  3. ↑ Dodds TJ (March 2017). "Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature". The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders. 19 (2). doi:10.4088/PCC.16r02037. PMID 28257172.
  4. ↑ Riss J, Cloyd J, Gates J, Collins S (2008). "Benzodiazepines in epilepsy: pharmacology and pharmacokinetics". Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 118 (2): 69–86. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.01004.x. PMID 18384456. S2CID 24453988.
  5. ↑ Mets MA, Volkerts ER, Olivier B, Verster JC (2010). "Effect of hypnotic drugs on body balance and standing steadiness". Sleep Medicine Reviews. 14 (4): 259–267. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.10.008. PMID 20171127.
  6. ↑ "Ativan (lorazepam) Tablets Rx only" (PDF). Food and Drug Administration. March 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 September 2011. In general, benzodiazepines should be prescribed for short periods only (e.g. 2–4 weeks). Extension of the treatment period should not take place without reevaluation of the need for continued therapy. Continuous long-term use of the product is not recommended.
  7. ↑ Shorter E (2005). "B". A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-029201-0. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017.
  8. ↑ US patent 3296249, Stanley C. Bell, "5-monocyclic aryl-1, 3-dihydro-2h-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-ones", published 1967-01-03, issued 1967-01-03, assigned to American Home Products
  9. ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  10. ↑ "Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.
  11. ↑ Shorter E (2005). "B". A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-029201-0. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017.
[edit | edit source]
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lorazepam&oldid=82465"