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Malik ibn Anas

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Malik ibn Anas
human
Ein sex anaa gendermale Edit
Name in native languageمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ بْنِ مَالِكٍ بْنِ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْأَصْبَحِيُّ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ الْمَدَنِيّ Edit
Name wey dem give amMalik Edit
Ein date of birth711 Edit
Place dem born amMedina Edit
Date wey edie7 June 795 Edit
Place wey edieMedina Edit
Place wey dem bury amAl-Baqi' Edit
KiddieFatima bint Malik ibn Anas Edit
Languages edey speak, rep anaa signArabic Edit
Ein occupationmuhaddith, Islamic jurist, ulema Edit
Ein field of workfiqh, science of hadith Edit
Honorific prefixAl-Imam Edit
Honorific suffixrahimahullah Edit
Religion anaa worldviewIslam Edit
Notable workal-Muwaṭṭaʼ Edit

Malik ibn Anas (Arabic: مَالِك بْن أَنَس, romanized: Mālik ibn ʾAnas; c. 711–795), dem sanso know as Imam Malik, na he be a Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith den traditionalist wey be de eponym of de Maliki school, one of de four schools of Islamic jurisprudence insyd Sunni Islam.[1]

Dem born am insyd Medina into de clan of Humayr wich belong to de Banu Taym of Quraysh, Malik study under Hisham ibn Urwa, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Ja'far al-Sadiq, Nafi ibn Sarjis den odas. He rise to cam be de premier scholar of hadith insyd ein day,[1] dem refer to am as de Imam of Medina by ein contemporaries, ein views insyd matters of jurisprudence cam be highly cherished both insyd ein own life den afterward, wey he cam be de eponym of de Maliki school, one of de four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence.[1] Ein school cam be de normative rite give Sunni practice insyd much of North Africa, al-Andalus (til de expulsion of medieval native Iberian Muslims), a vast portion of Egypt, sam parts of Syria, Yemen, Sudan, Iraq, den Khorasan,[2] den de prominent orders insyd Sufism, de Shadili den Tijani.[3]

Perhaps Malik ein most famous accomplishment insyd de annals of Islamic history be, however, ein compilation of al-Muwatta', one of de oldest den most revered Sunni hadith collections den one of "de earliest surviving Muslim law-book[s],"[1] insyd wich Malik attempt to "give a survey of law den justice; ritual den practice of religion according to de consensus of Islam insyd Medina, according to de sunna usual insyd Medina; den to create a theoretical standard give matters wich na dem no settle from de point of view of consensus den sunna."[1] Dem compose insyd de early days of de Abbasid caliphate, during wich time na der be a burgeoning "recognition den appreciation of de canon law" of de ruling party, Malik ein work aim to trace out a "smoothed path" (wich be wat al-muwaṭṭaʾ literally dey mean) thru "de farreaching differences of opinion even on de most elementary questions."[1] Dem hail as "de soundest book on earth after de Quran" by al-Shafi'i,[2] de compilation of al-Muwatta' lead to dem bestow Malik plus such reverential epithets as Shaykh al-Islam, Proof of the Community, Imam of the Believers in Hadith, Imam of the Abode of Emigration, den Knowledgeable Scholar of Medina insyd later Sunni tradition.[2][4]

According to classical Sunni tradition, de Islamic prophet Muhammad foretell de birth of Malik, saying: "Very soon will people beat the flanks of camels in search of knowledge and they shall find no one more expert than the knowledgeable scholar of Medina,"[5] den, insyd anoda tradition, "The people ... shall set forth from East and West without finding a sage other than the sage of the people in Medina."[6] While sam later scholars, such as Ibn Hazm den al-Tahawi, cast doubt on identifying de mysterious wise man of both dese traditions plus Malik,[7] de most widespread interpretation nevertheless continue to be dat wich hold de personage e be Malik.[7] Thru out Islamic history, dem venerate Malik as an exemplary figure insyd all de traditional schools of Sunni thought, both by de exoteric ulema den by de mystics, wey de latter often designate am as a saint insyd dema hagiographies.[8][9] Malik ein most notable student, ash-Shafi'i (wey einself go cam be de founder of anoda of de four orthodox legal schools of Sunni law), later say of ein teacher: "No one constitutes as great a favor to me in the religion of God as Malik ... when the scholars of knowledge are mentioned, Malik is the star."[10]

Works

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Imam Malik wrep:

  • Al-Muwatta, one of de earlier Hadith collections.
  • Al-Mudawwana al-Kubra, wey Sahnun ibn Sa'id ibn Habib at-Tanukhi (c. 776-7 – 854–5) wrep down after de death of Malik ibn Anas.

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Schacht, J., "Mālik b. Anas", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th.
  2. 1 2 3 Haddad, Gibril F. (2007). The Four Imams and Their Schools. London, the U.K.: Muslim Academic Trust. p. 121.
  3. ↑ See "Shadiliyya" and "Tijaniyyah" in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th.
  4. ↑ "Imam Malik; The leader of the Believers in Hadith". hadithanswers.com. HadithAnswers. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  5. ↑ "Narrated by Abu Hurayrah by Ahmad, al-Tirmidhi who said it is hasan -- in some manuscripts hasan sahih -- al-Hakim (1:90-91) with three chains, declaring it sahih by Muslim's criterion, al-Bayhaqi in al-Sunan al-Kubra (1:386), etc." (Gibril F. Haddad, The Four Imams and Their Schools [London: Muslim Academic Trust, 2007], p. 121, note 271).
  6. ↑ Gibril F. Haddad, The Four Imams and Their Schools (London: Muslim Academic Trust, 2007), p. 122
  7. 1 2 Gibril F. Haddad, The Four Imams and Their Schools (London: Muslim Academic Trust, 2007), pp. 122-23
  8. ↑ Gibril F. Haddad, The Four Imams and Their Schools (London: Muslim Academic Trust, 2007), pp. 179-81
  9. ↑ John Renard (tr.), Knowledge of God in Classical Sufism (New York: Paulist Press, 2004), p. 131, et passim.
  10. ↑ Gibril F. Haddad, The Four Imams and Their Schools (London: Muslim Academic Trust, 2007), p. 158

Read further

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Online

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Bibliography

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  • Ibn Anas, Malik (2008). Al-Muwatta Of Iman Malik Ibn Anas. Taylor and francis. pp. 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17, 27, 29, 32, 37, 38, 49, 51, 58, 61, 67, 68, 74, 78, 87, 92, 93, 108, 114, 124, 128, 138, 139, 151, 156, 161, 171, 196, 210, 239, 245, 253, 312, 349, 410, 412. ISBN 9781136150982. 9789791142199.
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