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Malnutrition

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malnutrition
academic discipline, failure mode
Subclass ofnutrition disorder, clinical sign Edit
Facet givepoverty Edit
Health specialtyendocrinology, intensive care medicine, nutrition Edit
Relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicatorTarget 2.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals Edit

Malnutrition dey occur wen an organism get too few anaa too many nutrients, wey dey result in health problems.[1][2] Specifically, e be a deficiency, excess, anaa imbalance of energy, protein den oda nutrients wich adversely dey affect de body ein tissues den form.[3]

Malnutrition be a category of diseases wey dey include undernutrition den overnutrition.[4] Undernutrition be a lack of nutrients, wich fi result in stunted growth, wasting, wey be underweight.[5] A surplus of nutrients dey cause overnutrition, wich fi result in obesity anaa toxic levels of micronutrients. Insyd sam developing countries, overnutrition insyd de form of obesity dey begin to appear within de same communities as undernutrition.[6]

Chaw clinical studies dey use de term 'malnutrition' to refer to undernutrition. However, de use of 'malnutrition' instead of 'undernutrition' dey make am impossible to distinguish between undernutrition den overnutrition, a less acknowledged form of malnutrition.[3][7] Accordingly, a 2019 report by The Lancet Commission suggest expanding de definition of malnutrition to include "all ein forms, wey dey include obesity, undernutrition, den oda dietary risks."[8] The World Health Organization[9] den The Lancet Commission sanso identify "[t]he double burden of malnutrition", wich dey occur from "de coexistence of overnutrition (overweight den obesity) alongside undernutrition (stunted growth den wasting)."[10][11]

References

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  1. ↑ Katsilambros N (2011). Clinical Nutrition in Practice. John Wiley & Sons. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-4443-4777-7.
  2. ↑ "Malnutrition". www.who.int (in English). Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  3. 1 2 Hickson, Mary; Smith, Sara, eds. (2018). Advanced nutrition and dietetics in nutrition support. Hoboken, NJ. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-118-99386-6. OCLC 1004376424.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ↑ "WHO, nutrition experts take action on malnutrition". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on April 14, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
  5. ↑ Lenters, Lindsey; Wazny, Kerri; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. (2016), Black, Robert E.; Laxminarayan, Ramanan; Temmerman, Marleen; Walker, Neff (eds.), "Management of Severe and Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Children", Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2), Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0348-2_ch11, ISBN 978-1-4648-0348-2, PMID 27227221, archived from the original on May 12, 2024, retrieved May 3, 2024
  6. ↑ "Progress For Children: A Report Card On Nutrition" (PDF). UNICEF. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 12, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2012.
  7. ↑ Ngaruiya, C., Hayward, A., Post, L. and Mowafi, H., 2017. "Obesity as a form of malnutrition: over-nutrition on the Uganda 'malnutrition' agenda". Pan African Medical Journal, 28, p. 49.
  8. ↑ Swinburn, B., Kraak, V., Allender, S., et al., 2019. "The Global Syndemic of Obesity, Undernutrition, and Climate Change: The Lancet Commission report." The Lancet, 393(10173), pp. 791–846.
  9. ↑ References Min, J., Zhao, Y., Slivka, L. and Wang, Y., 2017. "Double burden of diseases worldwide: coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases". Obesity Reviews, 19(1), pp. 49–61.
  10. ↑ "The Double Burden of Malnutrition". The Lancet Commission. December 16, 2019. Archived from the original on January 16, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  11. ↑ Ghattas, H., Acharya, Y., Jamaluddine, Z., Assi, M., El Asmar, K. and Jones, A., 2020. The child-level double burden of malnutrition in the MENA and LAC regions: Prevalence and social determinants. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(2).
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