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Measles

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Measles
Other namesMorbilli, rubeola, red measles, English measles[1]
A child wey dey show a day-four measles rash
SpecialtyInfectious disease
SymptomsFever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, rash
ComplicationsPneumonia, seizures, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, immunosuppression, hearing loss, blindness
Usual onset10–12 days after exposure[2]
Duration7–10 days (no dey include complications)
CausesMeasles virus
PreventionMeasles vaccine
TreatmentSupportive care
Frequency20 million per year
Deaths140,000+ (2018)[3][4]

Measles (probably from Middle Dutch anaa Middle High German masel(e), wey dey mean "blemish, blood blister")[5][6] be a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease wey be caused by measles virus.[7][8] Oda names dey include morbilli, rubeola, 9-day measles, red measles, den English measles.[7][9]

Symptoms usually dey develop 10–12 days after exposure to an infected person den dey last 7–10 days.[10] Initial symptoms typically dey include fever, often greater dan 40 °C (104 °F), cough, runny nose, den inflamed eyes.[7][11] Small white spots dem know as Koplik spots fi form insyd de mouth two anaa three days after de start of symptoms.[11] A red, flat rash wich dey usually dey start on de face den then dey spread to de rest of de body typically dey begin three to five days after de start of symptoms.[11] Common complications dey include diarrhea (insyd 8% of cases), middle ear infection (7%), den pneumonia (6%).[8] Dese dey occur in part secof measles-induced immunosuppression.[12] Less commonly, seizures, blindness, anaa inflammation of de brain fi occur.[8][10]

References

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  1. ↑ Stanley, Jacqueline (2002). Essentials of Immunology & Serology. Cengage Learning. p. 323. ISBN 978-0-7668-1064-8. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  2. ↑ Bope, Edward T.; Kellerman, Rick D. (2014). Conn's Current Therapy 2015. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-323-31956-0. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  3. ↑ "More than 140,000 die from measles as cases surge worldwide". World Health Organization (WHO) (Press release). 5 December 2019. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  4. ↑ "Global Measles Outbreaks". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 17 August 2020. Archived from the original on 7 September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  5. ↑ Douglas Harper (n.d.). "measles (n.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 14 September 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
  6. ↑ "measles". Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2025.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Tesini, Brenda L. (July 2023). "Measles". Merck Manual Professional. Archived from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 10 April 2025.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Chapter 13: Measles". Pink Book Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 July 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2025.
  9. ↑ Milner, Danny A. (2015). Diagnostic Pathology: Infectious Diseases E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-323-40037-4. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Measles Fact Sheet". World Health Organization (WHO). 14 November 2024. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2025.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Measles (Rubeola) Signs and Symptoms". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 3 November 2014. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  12. ↑ Rota PA, Moss WJ, Takeda M, de Swart RL, Thompson KM, Goodson JL (July 2016). "Measles". Nature Reviews. Disease Primers. 2: 16049. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.49. PMID 27411684.
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