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Mesbahiyya Madrasa

From Wikipedia
Medersa Al Mesbahia
madrasa
Part ofMedina of Fez Edit
Year dem found am1344 Edit
Found byAbu al-Hasan Ali ibn Uthman Edit
CountryMorocco Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydFez Edit
Coordinate location34°3′55″N 4°58′23″W Edit
Heritage designationMoroccan cultural heritage, part of UNESCO World Heritage Site Edit
Map
Interior of de madrasa, dey show de decorated archway for de north side of de courtyard (photo from 1916)

Mesbahiyya Madrasa (Arabic: المدرسة المصباحية) be a madrasa insyd Fes el Bali, de old medina quarter insyd de city of Fez, Morocco. Na dem date ein construction to 1346, during de Marinid period. Edey locate next to de University of al-Qarawiyyin.[1]

Historical background

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Na dem plete de madrasa insyd 1346, during de Marinid period, under de patronage of de Marinid sultan Abu al-Hasan wey na he be a prolific constructor of madrasas insyd de city.[2] De building dey owe ein name to de faqih (Islamic jurist) Al-Mesbahi, de first faqih wey na he teach insyd de madrasa. Na ebe distinguished by de white marble dem use insyd ein construction den decoration, wich na Abu al-Hassan import from de city of Almeria insys al-Andalus (Spain).[3] Na de extensive use of de marble give de madrasa ein nickie Madrasa ar-Rkham, wey dey mean "school of marble".[1] Na de maliki jurist Ahmad al-Wansharisi be a professor insyd dis school insyd de late fifteenth century wey na he teach de Mudawwana den Farʿī Ibn al-Ḥājib.[4]

Architecture

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View of de courtyard den de multi-story gallery (photo circa 1921)

Dey center around a courtyard, na de building originally consist of a ground floor den three upper floors, buh na dem since destroy de top floor. For de north syd of de courtyard be a large twin-arched opening wey dey lead to a square prayer hall. De twin-arched entrance be unique insyd de context of Marinid architecture wey na dem richly decorate am plus carved stucco, wey dey include a cursive Arabic inscription wey dey run insyd a frame around am.[3] Despite ein function, de prayer hall dey lack a mihrab. De madrasa fi house around 140 students from across de country insyd 117 rooms across ein different floors.

State of preservation

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Na de madrasa be severely damaged wey ein elements collapse over time secof neglect den to poor restoration attempts. Na de dome of de prayer room, de ceiling of de ablutions room, den sam oda rooms be destroyed, den de iconic marbles sanso deteriorate. However, e still dey retain valuable elements of Marinid motifs den original forms of floral den geometric decorations, wey na e dey undergo de restoration dem initiate insyd de early 1990s.[1] Na dem finally plete de restoration as of 2017 insyd de context of a wider restoration program for oda madrasas den historic monuments insyd de city.[5] Upon completion of de restoration, na dem earmark de madrasa make e serve de Qarawiyyin University.[6]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 المدرسة المصباحية.. كانت مزارا لنهل علوم الفقه والفلك. Maghress. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  2. ↑ Penell, C.R. Morocco: From Empire to Independence; Oneworld Publications, Oct 1, 2013. pp.66-67.
  3. 1 2 Mezzine, Mohamed. "Misbahiya Madrasa". Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  4. ↑ Powers, David S. (2013). "Ahmad al-Wahnsharisi (D. 914/1509)*". Ahmad al-Wansharisi (d. 914/1509). In Islamic Legal Thought: A Compendium of Muslim Jurists. Leiden/Boston. pp. 375–376. Retrieved 7 October 2024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ↑ "La magnifique rénovation des 27 monuments de Fès – Conseil Régional du Tourisme (CRT) de Fès" (in French). Retrieved 2021-02-12.
  6. ↑ LesEco.ma (2017-05-24). "Fès renoue avec son passé de cité des médersas". LesEco.ma (in French). Retrieved 2023-02-22.
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