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Mesothelioma

From Wikipedia
mesothelioma
notifiable disease, class of disease
Subclass ofasbestos-related disease, cell type cancer, disease Edit
Health specialtyoncology, pulmonology Edit
ICPC 2 IDR84 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC7865, C27926, C4456, C8420, C3234 Edit

Mesothelioma be a type of cancer wey dey develop from de thin layer of tissue wey dey cover chaw of de internal organs (dem know as de mesothelium).[1] De area most commonly affected be de lining of de lungs den chest wall.[2][3] Less commonly de lining of de abdomen den rarely de sac wey dey surround de heart,[4] anaa de sac wey dey surround each testis fi be affected.[2][5] Signs den symptoms of mesothelioma fi include shortness of breath secof fluid around de lung, a swollen abdomen, chest wall pain, cough, feeling tired, den weight loss.[2] Dese symptoms typically dey cam on slowly.[6]

More dan 80% of mesothelioma cases be caused by exposure to asbestos.[3] De greater de exposure, de greater de risk.[3] As of 2013, na about 125 million people worldwide dem be exposed to asbestos at work.[7] High rates of disease dey occur insyd people wey dey mine asbestos, produce products from asbestos, work plus asbestos products, live plus asbestos workers, anaa work insyd buildings wey dey contain asbestos.[3] Asbestos exposure den de onset of cancer generally be separated by about 40 years.[3] Washing de clothing of sam bro wey work plus asbestos sanso dey increase de risk.[7] Oda risk factors dey include genetics den infection plus de simian virus 40.[3] Dem fi suspect de diagnosis base on chest X-ray den CT scan findings, wey e be confirmed by either examining fluid wey be produced by de cancer anaa by a tissue biopsy of de cancer.[6]

Prevention dey focus on reducing exposure to asbestos.[8] Treatment often dey include surgery, radiation therapy, den chemotherapy.[9] A procedure dem know as pleurodesis, wich dey involve using substances such as talc to scar togeda de pleura, fi be used to prevent more fluid from building up around de lungs.[9] Chemotherapy often dey include de medications cisplatin den pemetrexed.[6] De percentage of people wey survive five years dey follow diagnosis be on average 8% insyd de United States.[10]

Insyd 2015, na about 60,800 people get mesothelioma, wey na 32,000 die from de disease.[11][12] Rates of mesothelioma dey vary insyd different areas of de world.[3] Rates be higher insyd Australia, de United Kingdom, den lower insyd Japan.[3] E dey occur insyd about 3,000 people per year insyd de United States.[13] E dey occur more often insyd males dan females.[3] Na rates of disease increase since de 1950s.[3] Diagnosis typically dey occur after de age of 65 den chaw deaths occur around 70 years old.[3] Na de disease be rare before de commercial use of asbestos.[3]

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  1. ↑ "Malignant Mesothelioma – Patient Version". NCI. January 1980. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 "Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment – Patient Version (PDQ®)". NCI. September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Robinson BM (November 2012). "Malignant pleural mesothelioma: an epidemiological perspective". Annals of Cardiothoracic Surgery. 1 (4): 491–496. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2225-319X.2012.11.04. PMC 3741803. PMID 23977542.
  4. ↑ Sardar MR, Kuntz C, Patel T, Saeed W, Gnall E, Imaizumi S, Lande L (2012). "Primary pericardial mesothelioma unique case and literature review". Texas Heart Institute Journal. 39 (2): 261–264. PMC 3384041. PMID 22740748.
  5. ↑ Panou V, Vyberg M, Weinreich UM, Meristoudis C, Falkmer UG, Røe OD (June 2015). "The established and future biomarkers of malignant pleural mesothelioma". Cancer Treatment Reviews. 41 (6): 486–495. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.05.001. PMID 25979846.
  6. 1 2 3 Kondola S, Manners D, Nowak AK (June 2016). "Malignant pleural mesothelioma: an update on diagnosis and treatment options". Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease. 10 (3): 275–288. doi:10.1177/1753465816628800. PMC 5933604. PMID 26873306.
  7. 1 2 Gulati M, Redlich CA (March 2015). "Asbestosis and environmental causes of usual interstitial pneumonia". Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 21 (2): 193–200. doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000144. PMC 4472384. PMID 25621562.
  8. ↑ Whittemore AS (2006). Cancer epidemiology and prevention (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 669. ISBN 978-0-19-974797-9.
  9. 1 2 "Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment – Patient Version (PDQ®)". NCI. September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  10. ↑ "Age-Adjusted SEER Incidence and U.S. Death Rates and 5-Year Relative Survival (Percent) By Primary Cancer Site, Sex and Time Period" (PDF). NCI. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  11. ↑ Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coggeshall M, Cornaby L, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Dilegge T, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Fleming T, Forouzanfar MH, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kawashima T, Kemmer L, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  12. ↑ Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coates MM, Coggeshall M, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Foreman K, Forouzanfar MH, Fraser MS, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Huynh C, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kinfu Y, Kulikoff XR, et al. (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  13. ↑ "What are the key statistics about malignant mesothelioma?". American Cancer Society. 2016-02-17. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
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