Mumps

mumps

class of disease, signs den symptoms

Subclass of	parotitis, mumps virus infectious disease, herpangina, salivary gland disease, disease
Has cause	mumps virus
Health specialty	infectious diseases, pediatrics
Possible treatment	symptomatic treatment
Disease transmission process	droplet infection, airborne transmission
Anatomical location	salivary gland, gonad, pancreas, meninges
Risk factor	smoking
ICD-9-CM	072
ICPC 2 ID	D71
NCI Thesaurus ID	C29888

Mumps be a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable viral disease wey de mumps virus cause. Initial symptoms of mumps be non-specific den dey include fever, headache, malaise, muscle pain, den loss of appetite. Dese symptoms usually be followed by painful swelling around de side of de face (de parotid glands, dem call parotitis), wich be de most common symptom of a mumps infection. Symptoms typically dey occur 16 to 18 days after exposure to de virus. About one-third of people plus a mumps infection no get any symptoms (asymptomatic).

Complications be rare buh dey include deafness den a wide range of inflammatory conditions, of wich inflammation of de testes, breasts, ovaries, pancreas, meninges, den brain be de most common. Viral meningitis fi occur insyd 1/4 of people plus mumps. Testicular inflammation fi result in reduced fertility den, rarely, sterility.

Humans be de only natural hosts of de mumps virus. De mumps virus be an RNA virus insyd de family Paramyxoviridae. De virus primarily be transmitted by respiratory secretions such as droplets den saliva, as well as via direct contact plus an infected person. Mumps be highly contagious den dey spread easily insyd densely populated environments. Transmission fi occur from one week before de onset of symptoms to eight days after. During infection, de virus first dey infect de upper respiratory tract. From der, e dey spread to de salivary glands den lymph nodes. Infection of de lymph nodes dey lead to de presence of de virus insyd de blood, wich dey spread de virus thru out de body. Insyd places wer mumps be common, e fi be diagnosed based on clinical presentation. Insyd places wer mumps be less common, however, laboratory diagnosis wey dey use antibody testing, viral cultures, anaa real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction fi dey hia.

Der be no specific treatment give mumps, so treatment be supportive den dey include rest den pain relief. Mumps infection usually be self-limiting, wey dey cam to an end as de immune system clear de infection. Infection fi be prevented plus vaccination. De MMR vaccine be a safe den effective vaccine to prevent mumps infections wey e be used widely around de world. De MMR vaccine sanso dey protect against measles den rubella. De spread of de disease sanso fi be prevented by isolating infected individuals.

Mumps historically be a highly prevalent disease, wey commonly dey occur in outbreaks insyd densely crowded spaces. Insyd de absence of vaccination, infection normally dey occur insyd kiddie time, chaw frequently at de ages of 5–9. Symptoms den complications be more common insyd males den more severe insyd adolescents den adults. Infection be most common insyd winter den spring insyd temperate climates, whereas no seasonality be observed insyd tropical regions. Written accounts of mumps exist since ancient times, den de cause of mumps, de mumps virus, na dem discover insyd 1934. By de 1970s, dem create vaccines to protect against infection, den countries wey adopt mumps vaccination see a near-elimination of de disease. Insyd de 21st century, however, der be a resurgence insyd de number of cases insyd chaw countries wey vaccinate, primarily among adolescents den young adults, secof multiple factors such as waning vaccine immunity den opposition to vaccination.