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Naltrexone

From Wikipedia
naltrexone
type of chemical entity
Subclass ofcarbocyclic compound Edit
Get useMedication Edit
Native labelNaltrexone Edit
Chemical formulaC₂₀H₂₃NO₄ Edit
Canonical SMILESC1CC1CN2CCC34C5C(=O)CCC3(C2CC6=C4C(=C(C=C6)O)O5)O Edit
Isomeric SMILESC1CC1CN2CC[C@]34[C@@H]5C(=O)CC[C@]3([C@H]2CC6=C4C(=C(C=C6)O)O5)O Edit
World Health Organisation international non-proprietary namenaltrexone Edit
Medical condition treatedalcohol abuse, opiate dependence, substance abuse, non-controlled substance abuse Edit
Physically dey interact plusOpioid receptor delta 1, Opioid receptor, delta 1, opioid receptor kappa 1, Opioid receptor, kappa 1, opioid receptor mu 1 Edit
Pregnancy categoryAustralian pregnancy category B3, US pregnancy category C Edit
Subject has roleopioid antagonist Edit

Naltrexone, dem sell under de brand name Revia among odas, be a medication dem primarily use to manage alcohol use anaa opioid use disorder by reducing cravings den feelings of euphoria dem associate plus substance use disorder.[1] Na dem sanso find am effective insyd de treatment of oda addictions wey fi be used give dem off-label.[2] Dem dey take am orally anaa by injection into a muscle.[1] Effects dey begin within 30 minutes,[1] though a decreased desire for opioids fi take a few weeks to occur.[1]

Side effects fi include trouble sleeping, anxiety, nausea, den headaches.[3] Insyd those still on opioids, opioid withdrawal fi occur.[3] Ein use no be recommended insyd people plus liver failure.[3] E be unclear if ein use be safe during pregnancy.[3][4] Naltrexone be an opioid antagonist wey e dey work by blocking de effects of opioids, wey dey include both opioid drugs as well as opioids dem naturally produce insyd de brain.[3]

Na dem first make naltrexone insyd 1965 wey na dem approve am for medical use insyd de United States insyd 1984.[3][5] Naltrexone, as naltrexone/bupropion (brand name Contrave), dem sanso use am to treat obesity.[6] E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] Insyd 2021, na e be de 254th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 1 million prescriptions.[8][9]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 "Naltrexone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  2. ↑ Aboujaoude E, Salame WO (August 2016). "Naltrexone: A Pan-Addiction Treatment?". CNS Drugs. 30 (8): 719–733. doi:10.1007/s40263-016-0373-0. PMID 27401883. S2CID 6372144.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Naltrexone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  4. ↑ Tran TH, Griffin BL, Stone RH, Vest KM, Todd TJ (July 2017). "Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnant Women". Pharmacotherapy. 37 (7): 824–839. doi:10.1002/phar.1958. PMID 28543191. S2CID 13772333.
  5. ↑ Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Sussman N (2012). Kaplan & Sadock's Pocket Handbook of Psychiatric Drug Treatment (in English). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 265. ISBN 978-1-4511-5446-7. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017.
  6. ↑ "Naltrexone/bupropion for obesity". Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin. 55 (11): 126–129. November 2017. doi:10.1136/dtb.2017.11.0550. PMID 29117992. S2CID 547660.
  7. ↑ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list. Geneva: WHO. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
  8. ↑ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  9. ↑ "Naltrexone - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
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