Osteoporosis

osteoporosis

class of disease

Subclass of	bone resorption disease, disease
Facet give	women's health
Health specialty	rheumatology
Drug or therapy used for treatment	cholecalciferol, bisphosphonate
WordLift URL	http://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/osteoporosis
ICD-9-CM	733.0, 733.00, 733.09
ICPC 2 ID	L95

Osteoporosis be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures. De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".

Osteoporosis be de most common reason for a broken bone among de elderly. Bones wey dey commonly break dey include de vertebrae insyd de spine, de bones of de forearm, de wrist, den de hip. Til a broken bone occur, der be typically no symptoms. Bones fi weaken to such a degree dat a break fi occur plus minor stress anaa spontaneously. After de broken bone heal, sam people fi get chronic pain den a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.

Osteoporosis fi be secof lower-than-normal maximum bone mass den greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss dey increase after menopause insyd women secof lower levels of estrogen, den after insyd older men secof lower levels of testosterone. Osteoporosis sanso fi occur secof several diseases anaa treatments, wey dey include alcoholism, anorexia, hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, den after oophorectomy (surgical removal of de ovaries). Certain medications dey increase de rate of bone loss, wey dey include chemotherapy, glucocorticosteroids. Smoking den a sedentary lifestyle sanso be recognized as major risk factors. Osteoporosis be defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below dat of a young adult. Dis typically be measured by a DXA (anaa DEXA) bone density scan.

Prevention of osteoporosis dey include a proper diet during kiddie time, hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women, den efforts to avoid medications wey increase de rate of bone loss. Efforts to prevent broken bones insyd those plus osteoporosis dey include a good diet, exercise, den fall prevention. Lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking den no dey drink alcohol fi help. Bisphosphonate medications be useful to decrease future broken bones insyd those plus previous broken bones secof osteoporosis. Insyd those plus osteoporosis buh no previous broken bones, dem show to be less effective. Dem no dey appear to affect de risk of death.

Osteoporosis cam be more common plus age. About 15% of Caucasians insyd dema 50s den 70% of those over 80 be affected. E be more common insyd women dan men. Insyd de developed world, dey depend on de method of diagnosis, 2% to 8% of males den 9% to 38% of females be affected. Rates of disease insyd de developing world be unclear. White den Asian people be at greater risk for low bone mineral density secof dema lower serum vitamin D levels den less vitamin D synthesis at certain latitudes.

External links

• Handout on Health: Osteoporosis  – US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
• Osteoporosis  – l NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases – National Resource Center
• Office of the Surgeon General (2004). Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. PMID 20945569. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
• "Osteoporosis". MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine.