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Pancreatitis

From Wikipedia
pancreatitis
rare disease, class of disease
Subclass ofpancreas disease, inflammatory disease, disease Edit
Has effectMallet-Guy's sign Edit
Health specialtygastroenterology Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentpropanthelinium Edit
Anatomical locationpancreas Edit
Genetic associationCFTR, SPINK1, PRSS1 Edit
WordLift URLhttp://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/pancreatitis_2 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC3306 Edit

Pancreatitis be a condition wey be characterized by inflammation of de pancreas.[1] De pancreas be a large organ behind de stomach wey dey produce digestive enzymes den a number of hormones.[1] Der be two main types, acute pancreatitis den chronic pancreatitis.[1] Signs den symptoms of pancreatitis dey include pain insyd de upper abdomen, nausea, den vomiting.[1] De pain often dey go into de back wey e be usually severe.[1] Insyd acute pancreatitis, a fever fi occur; symptoms typically dey resolve insyd a few days.[1] Insyd chronic pancreatitis, weight loss, fatty stool, den diarrhea fi occur.[1][2] Complications fi include infection, bleeding, diabetes mellitus, anaa problems plus oda organs.[1]

De two most common causes of acute pancreatitis be a gallstone wey dey block de common bile duct after na de pancreatic duct join; den heavy alcohol use.[1] Oda causes dey include direct trauma, certain medications, infections such as mumps, den tumors.[1] Chronic pancreatitis fi develop as a result of acute pancreatitis.[1] E be most commonly secof chaw years of heavy alcohol use.[1] Oda causes dey include high levels of blood fats, high blood calcium, sam medications, den certain genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, among odas.[1] Smoking dey increase de risk of both acute den chronic pancreatitis.[3][4] Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis dey base on a threefold increase insyd de blood of either amylase anaa lipase.[1] Insyd chronic pancreatitis, dese tests fi be normal.[1] Medical imaging such as ultrasound den CT scan sanso fi be useful.[1]

Dem usually dey treat acute pancreatitis plus intravenous fluids, pain medication, den sam times antibiotics.[1] For patients plus severe pancreatitis wey no fi tolerate normal oral food consumption, dem dey place a nasogastric tube insyd de stomach.[1][5] Dem fi do a procedure dem know as an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to examine de distal common bile duct den remove a gallstone if e be present.[1] Insyd those plus gallstones dem often sanso dey remove de gallbladder.[1] Insyd chronic pancreatitis, in addition to de above, dem fi use temporary feeding thru a nasogastric tube to provide adequate nutrition.[1] Long-term dietary changes den pancreatic enzyme replacement fi be required.[1] Occasionally, dem dey do surgery to remove parts of de pancreas.[1]

Globally, insyd 2015 na about 8.9 million cases of pancreatitis occur.[6] Dis result in 132,700 deaths, up from 83,000 deaths insyd 1990.[7][8] Acute pancreatitis dey occur insyd about 30 per 100,000 people a year.[3] New cases of chronic pancreatitis dey develop insyd about 8 per 100,000 people a year den currently dey affect about 50 per 100,000 people insyd de United States.[9] E be more common insyd men dan women.[1] Often chronic pancreatitis dey start between de ages of 30 den 40 wey e be rare insyd kiddies.[1] Na dem first describe acute pancreatitis on autopsy insyd 1882 while na dem first describe chronic pancreatitis insyd 1946.[9]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 "Pancreatitis". The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. National Institutes of Health. August 16, 2012. Archived from the original on 7 March 2015. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
  2. ↑ Witt H, Apte MV, Keim V, Wilson JS (April 2007). "Chronic pancreatitis: challenges and advances in pathogenesis, genetics, diagnosis, and therapy". Gastroenterology. 132 (4): 1557–1573. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.001. PMID 17466744.
  3. 1 2 Lankisch PG, Apte M, Banks PA (July 2015). "Acute pancreatitis". Lancet. 386 (9988): 85–96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60649-8. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_49570. PMID 25616312. S2CID 25600369.
  4. ↑ Yadav D, Lowenfels AB (June 2013). "The epidemiology of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer". Gastroenterology. 144 (6): 1252–1261. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.068. PMC 3662544. PMID 23622135.
  5. ↑ Tenner S, Vege SS, Sheth SG, Sauer B, Yang A, Conwell DL, Yadlapati RH, Gardner TB (March 2024). "American College of Gastroenterology Guidelines: Management of Acute Pancreatitis". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 119 (3): 419–437. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002645. PMID 38857482.
  6. ↑ Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coggeshall M, Cornaby L, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Dilegge T, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Fleming T, Forouzanfar MH, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kawashima T, Kemmer L (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  7. ↑ Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coates MM, Coggeshall M, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Foreman K, Forouzanfar MH, Fraser MS, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Huynh C, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kinfu Y, Kulikoff XR (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  8. ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators (January 2015). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–171. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
  9. 1 2 Muniraj T, Aslanian HR, Farrell J, Jamidar PA (December 2014). "Chronic pancreatitis, a comprehensive review and update. Part I: epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, genetics, pathophysiology, and clinical features". Disease-a-Month. 60 (12): 530–550. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.11.002. PMID 25510320.
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