Pentobarbital
| Subclass of | barbiturates  |
|---|---|
| Get use | Medication |
| Stylized name | PENTobarbital |
| Chemical formula | C₁₁H₁₈N₂O₃ |
| Canonical SMILES | CCCC(C)C1(C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O)CC |
| Active ingredient in | Nembutal |
| World Health Organisation international non-proprietary name | pentobarbital |
| Found insyd taxon | Caenorhabditis elegans |
| Medical condition treated | status epilepticus |
| Pregnancy category | Australian pregnancy category C, US pregnancy category D |
| Subject has role | hypnotics and sedatives, GABA Modulators, anesthesia adjuvants |
Pentobarbital (US) anaa pentobarbitone (British den Australian) be a short-acting barbiturate dem typically use as a sedative, a preanesthetic, den to control convulsions insyd emergencies.[1] E sanso fi be used for short-term treatment of insomnia buh na e largely be replaced by de benzodiazepine family of drugs.
Insyd high doses, pentobarbital dey cause death by respiratory arrest. Dem frequently dey use am for veterinary euthanasia, wey e be used by sam US states den de United States federal government for executions of convicted criminals by lethal injection.[2] Insyd sam countries den states, e sanso be used for physician-assisted suicide.[3][4]
Na Ernest H. Volwiler den Donalee L. Tabern develop pentobarbital at Abbott Laboratories insyd 1930.[5] Na dem widely abuse de drug dey begin insyd de late 1930s, wey e be sam times known as "yellow jackets" secof de yellow color of Nembutal-branded capsules.[6]
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ "Nembutal sodium- pentobarbital sodium injection". DailyMed. 31 December 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
- ↑ Palmer K (28 October 2013). "Ohio says it will switch to new drugs for executions". Reuters.
- ↑ Chaar B, Sami Isaac S (20 October 2017). "Euthanasia drugs: What is needed from medications for assisted deaths?". abc.net.au. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
Both secobarbital capsules and pentobarbital (usually known as the brand name, Nembutal) liquid — (not to be mistaken for epilepsy medication phenobarbital) have been used either alone or in combination for physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia. They are also used in injectable forms for animal euthanasia.
- ↑ Martin H (13 August 2020). "Euthanasia referendum: What drugs are used in assisted dying, and how do they work?". Stuff. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
In Australia, most people will ingest the lethal dose of pentobarbital as a drink – a white powder mixed with about 30 millilitres of a liquid suspension. [...] However, in cases where the person is too ill to ingest the medication themselves, a doctor or nurse practitioner could administer the dose, under the proposed Act.
- ↑ Saxon W (October 7, 1992). "Ernest Volwiler, 99, Medicinal Chemistry Leader". New York Times. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- ↑ Cozanitis DA (December 2004). "One hundred years of barbiturates and their saint". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 97 (12): 594–598. doi:10.1177/014107680409701214. PMC 1079678. PMID 15574863.
External links
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