Plague (disease)
| Subclass of | primary bacterial infectious disease, yersiniosis, infectious disease, disease, pandemic and epidemic-prone diseases  |
|---|---|
| Has cause | Yersinia pestis |
| Has effect | Black Death, Plague of Justinian, plague epidemic |
| Health specialty | infectious diseases |
| Medical examination | physical examination, microbiological culture, immunofluorescence microscopy, optical microscope, ELISA |
| Drug or therapy used for treatment | streptomycin |
| Disease transmission process | airborne transmission, contact transmission, fecal–oral route, vector-borne transmission |
| Described at URL | https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Disease/SubIndex/nZ12n2-2csE8zkEt-5Qeyw |
| Has natural reservoir | Rattus rattus, Tarbagan marmot, human |
| History of topic | plague epidemic, epidemiology of plague |
| ICD-9-CM | 020.9, 020 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C85015 |
| Subject named as | Pest |
Plague be an infectious disease wey de bacterium Yersinia pestis cause.[1] Symptoms dey include fever, weakness, headache den black lips.[2] Usually, dis dey begin one to seven days after exposure.[1] Der be three forms of plague, each dey affect a different part of de body den dey cause associated symptoms. Pneumonic plague dey infect de lungs, wey dey cause shortness of breath, coughing den chest pain; bubonic plague dey affect de lymph nodes, wey dey make dem swell; den septicemic plague dey infect de blood den fi cause tissues to turn black den die.[1][2]
De bubonic den septicemic forms generally be spread by flea bites anaa handling an infected animal,[2] whereas pneumonic plague generally be spread between people thru de air via infectious droplets.[2] Dem typically dey make diagnosis by finding de bacterium insyd fluid from a lymph node, blood anaa sputum.[1]
Vaccination be recommended only for people at high risk of exposure to plague. Those dem expose to a case of pneumonic plague fi be treated plus preventive medication.[1] If infected, treatment be plus antibiotics den supportive care.[1] Typically antibiotics dey include a combination of gentamicin den a fluoroquinolone.[3] De risk of death plus treatment be about 10% while widout e be about 70%.[4]
Globally, about 600 cases be reported a year.[1] Insyd 2017, de countries plus de most cases include de Democratic Republic of the Congo, Madagascar den Peru.[1] Insyd de United States, infections occasionally dey occur insyd rural areas, wer de bacteria be believed to circulate among rodents.[5] E historically occur insyd large outbreaks, plus de best known be de Black Death insyd de 14th century, wich result in more dan 50 million deaths insyd Europe.[1]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Plague". World Health Organization. October 2017. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 "Symptoms Plague". CDC (in American English). September 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
- ↑ "Resources for Clinicians Plague". CDC (in American English). October 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
- ↑ "FAQ Plague". CDC (in American English). September 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
- ↑ "Transmission Plague". CDC (in American English). September 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- WHO Health topic
- CDC Plague map world distribution, publications, information on bioterrorism preparedness and response regarding plague
- Symptoms, causes, pictures of bubonic plague
