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Planetary health

From Wikipedia
Planetary health
concept
Subclass ofhealth sciences Edit
Year dem found am2015 Edit
Facet giveenvironmental protection Edit
Found byThe Lancet, Rockefeller Foundation Edit
Dema official websitehttps://www.planetaryhealthalliance.org/planetary-health, https://alliancesanteplanetaire.org/ Edit

Template:Tone

Planetary Health na di way human health an environment health dey depend on each oda.[1] Ebi research field wey bring plenty different subjects together plus worldwide movement wey dey study how changes for environment dey affect human health.[2] Planetary health mean "di health of human civilization plus di condition of di natural systems wey human beings dey depend on." For 2015, di Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on Planetary Health introduce dis concept,[3] an dem still dey develop am into new health science wey now get more than 25 different areas of expertise.[4]

Background and milestones

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Plenty ideas an concepts come before di Planetary Health concept. According to Susan Prescott, di term "planetary health" come out from di environmental an holistic health movements wey happen for di 1970s an 1980s. For 1980, Friends of the Earth expand di World Health Organization definition of health by saying, "health na state of complete physical, mental, social an ecological well-being, no be only absence of disease. Personal health include planetary health too."[5]

James Lovelock create di term "Planetary Medicine" for 1986.[6]

For 1993, Norwegian doctor Per Fugelli write say:

"The patient Earth dey sick. Global environmental problems fit cause serious effects for human health. E don reach time make doctors check di whole world, diagnose am, an recommend treatment."[7]

For di 1990s, dem develop model curriculum wey dem call Terra Medicine (Planetary Medicine) for Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt as part of di Altmühltal Agenda 21 project.[8]

For 2000, James Lovelock publish im book Gaia: The Practical Science of Planetary Medicine.[9]

Milestones

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For March 2014, one issue of di medical journal The Lancet call for new planetary health movement wey go change di public health field. Before dis, public health mostly focus on human population health without paying enough attention to di natural ecosystems wey surround people.[10] Di proposal also recognize new threats wey dey affect both natural systems an human-made systems wey support human life.[10]

For 2015, di Rockefeller Foundation an The Lancet launch di Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on Planetary Health.[3] Di Planetary Health Alliance start for December 2015 by Harvard University together with di Wildlife Conservation Society plus oda partner organizations.[11][12]

The Rockefeller Foundation Economic Council on Planetary Health for Oxford Martin School start work on 1 June 2017 to help define dis new field of planetary health. Di open-access journal Lancet Planetary Health publish ein first issue for April 2017.[13]

The São Paulo Declaration on Planetary Health na action call wey different stakeholders create together during di 2021 Planetary Health Annual Meeting for São Paulo, Brazil. Di declaration dey encourage governments, private sector organizations, civil society, an ordinary people make dem commit to di Great Transition so dem go protect healthy an fair future for humanity plus safeguard all life for Earth.

For 2022, as dem celebrate 50 years since di first UN environmental conference, "United Nations Conference on the Human Environment" wey happen for Stockholm for 1972, di United Nations publish di report UN Conference Stockholm+50: A Healthy Planet for the Prosperity of All – Our Responsibility, Our Opportunity.[14]

For 2023, di Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada publish di Academic Health Institutions' Declaration on Planetary Health. Di declaration call on all academic health institutions around di world make dem take immediate action to reduce di harmful effects of dia activities on di planet's natural systems an introduce adaptive plus regenerative measures, including advocacy. More than 40 academic health institutions sign di declaration.[15] Dem include medical schools, faculties of medicine, schools of nursing, schools of public health, plus oda health-related institutions from countries like Canada, India, Finland, Dominican Republic, South Africa, Germany, Portugal, Indonesia, an plenty more.

The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences publish one detailed report for June 2023 about di current state of planetary health research an di future research agenda. Di report no be only useful for Netherlands but e get international importance too (Planetary Health Advisory Report).

For April 2024, more than 100 members from worldwide Planetary Health community create di Global Planetary Health Roadmap and Action Plan. Dis roadmap build on di principles an action call from di 2021 São Paulo Declaration on Planetary Health. Di roadmap cover important areas like governance, education, business an communication, giving strategic direction to strengthen dis growing movement an protect di health an well-being of all life for Earth. The roadmap

Research paradigms and agenda

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Based on the definition of health—"a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"[16]—plus the principles wey dey inside the preamble of the World Health Organization constitution, the Lancet Commission report explain say planetary health mean "the achievement of the highest attainable standard of health, wellbeing, and equity worldwide through wise attention to the human systems—political, economic, and social—weh dey shape humanity future, plus the Earth's natural systems wey set the safe environmental limits inside which humanity fit survive and prosper."[3]

The report also set the main principles wey dey guide the planetary health idea. One important principle be say human health depend on "healthy natural systems plus proper care and management of those natural systems." Human activities like energy production and food production don cause major changes to the Earth's systems. Because of this, scientists now dey call this present period the Anthropocene.[3]

The Planetary Health Education Framework, wey the Planetary Health Alliance develop for 2021, dey help guide the education of global citizens, health practitioners, and professionals wey get the knowledge and willingness to solve complex planetary health challenges.[17]

The framework also want inspire everybody around the world make dem create, restore, protect and conserve healthy ecosystems so human civilization go continue to flourish. According to the framework, five foundational domains form the core of Planetary Health knowledge, values and practice:

  1. Connection with nature.
  2. The Anthropocene and health.
  3. Equity and social justice.
  4. Movement building and systems change.
  5. Systems thinking and complexity.

One group of Earth system and environmental scientists led by Johan Rockström from the Stockholm Resilience Centre propose the concept of nine planetary boundaries. These boundaries show the environmental limits inside which humanity fit continue develop and live well for many generations.[18]

According to one 2024 update, humanity don already cross six of the planetary boundaries: climate change, biosphere integrity, biogeochemical flows, land-system change, freshwater use, and novel entities.[19] The seventh boundary, ocean acidification, too dey move close to its limit.

The Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on Planetary Health report conclude say urgent and transformational actions dey necessary to protect both present and future generations. One important area wey need immediate attention be the way human knowledge dey organized and governed. According to the report, the current system no fit properly address the threats wey dey face planetary health.[3]

The report make several broad recommendations. One recommendation be to improve governance so social, economic and environmental policies fit work together better. The report also recommend the creation, sharing and application of interdisciplinary knowledge. The authors further call for new ways of defining prosperity, making quality of life and better health for everybody the main priority while still respecting the integrity of natural systems.[3]

International research agenda for planetary health

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For June 2023, di Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences present dia planetary health report,[20] Planetary Health, An emerging field to be developed, after dem spend two years consulting experts and different stakeholders. Di report identify plenty knowledge gaps for di planetary health field. After dem review existing research plus consult experts, dem produce one long list of more than 100 specific knowledge gaps.[21]

According to di report, people still no fully understand how global environmental change dey affect human health. Plenty pathways still no clear, scientists never know well how effective mitigation and adaptation measures be, and e still dey difficult to know how governments and societies fit quickly change policy and human behaviour. Di Academy conclude say filling all these knowledge gaps go need strong international collaboration plus more investment into research funding. Dem also announce say dem go work together with international partners and umbrella academies like EASAC, FEAM and ALLEA to move dis research agenda forward.[22]

For 2025, di United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report GEO-7 report say investing in planetary health fit bring trillions of dollars extra to global GDP, prevent millions of deaths, and reduce poverty plus hunger worldwide.[23][24]

Nutrition and healthy diets be very important part of planetary health. Food we dey chop, agriculture and technology all need to improve so dem fit support world population wey fit pass 9 billion people while reducing environmental harm through food waste and carbon-intensive diets. One major focus of planetary health research be to find sustainable nutrition solutions wey go benefit both human beings and di environment, plus produce scientific evidence and political support to make these solutions happen.[25]

For January 2019, one international commission develop di planetary health diet.[26]

Planetary health dey try find more solutions to global human and environmental sustainability through collaboration and research across different sectors like economy, energy, agriculture, water and health.[3] Biodiversity loss, pollution, climate change and fuel consumption all be major problems wey dey threaten both human health and di environment, so dem be key areas of planetary health research. Some researchers believe say humanity's destruction of biodiversity plus invasion into wild ecosystems dey create better conditions for diseases like malaria[27] and new diseases like COVID-19.[28][29]

Some researchers too suggest say planetary health should include di effects of digital technology on human and environmental health. Dis one include di impact of generative AI on climate, biodiversity and pollution.[30]

Planetary Health Alliance

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Di Planetary Health Alliance (PHA) na informal global network wey bring together more than 580 universities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), government institutions, and research institutes. Di alliance too get more than 24,000 people wey subscribe to dia newsletter.

Several PHA Regional Hubs dey operate as local communities wey bring PHA members together based on dia geographical locations. Dem dey work together to advance planetary health research, education, policy development, and public outreach wey fit dia local context.[31]

Di mission of di alliance be "to promote, mobilize, and lead an inclusive, transdisciplinary field of Planetary Health and its diverse science, stories, solutions, and communities to achieve a comprehensive shift in how human beings interact with each other and Nature, in order to secure a livable future for humanity and the rest of life on Earth."

Since November 2023, di PHA Secretariat dey based for Johns Hopkins University alongside di Johns Hopkins Institute for Planetary Health.

Regional Hubs

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Eight Planetary Health Regional Hubs don already establish. Dem dey serve as local communities wey gather PHA members inside different geographical regions to work together on planetary health research, education, policy and outreach wey match local needs.[32]

Although more hubs still dey under development, di eight established Planetary Health Regional Hubs be:[33]

  • Caribbean
  • East Africa
  • Europe
  • Japan
  • Latin America
  • Oceania
  • South & Southeast Asia
  • West Africa

For 2022, di first Planetary Health Europe Regional Hub meeting happen for Amsterdam, where 72 institutions participate.[34] Di Planetary Health Alliance, European Environment and Sustainable Development Advisory Councils Network (EEAC Network), plus Natura Artis Magistra (ARTIS) organize di meeting together. Di PHA Europe Secretariat dey located for Netherlands and Maastricht University together with University Medical Center Utrecht (UMC Utrecht) jointly coordinate am.

Next Generation Network

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Di Planetary Health Next Generation Network bring students and young leaders from around di world together. Dem all dey committed to advancing di growing field of Planetary Health through community activities, educational events and research projects.

Dis open-access network include Planetary Health Campus Ambassadors (PHCAs), leaders and members of Planetary Health student clubs, former and current Travel Scholars to Planetary Health Annual Meetings, plus any young person wey want join di Planetary Health community.

Di Planetary Health Alliance staff together with Impact Fellows dey support these activities by providing introductory resources, workshop materials, mentorship opportunities and platforms wey help members connect with each other.

Campus Ambassador program

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Di Planetary Health Campus Ambassador Program officially recognize young leaders wey dey promote Planetary Health for universities and other academic institutions around di world.

During di program, ambassadors expand dia Planetary Health network and develop leadership plus organizational skills through support from dia cohort, staff members, fellows and alliance members.

Ambassadors dey encouraged to lead activities for dia campuses and beyond, educate dia communities, and help different academic disciplines and initiatives work together on issues related to human health and environmental change.

Dem also become part of di wider Next Generation Network, wey include people from different academic backgrounds, cultures, career stages and interests. Besides dat, dem get opportunities to take leadership roles in other Planetary Health initiatives like di Planetary Health Annual Meeting, Regional Hubs, Clinicians for Planetary Health and different education projects.

Annual meeting

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Di Planetary Health Annual Meeting, wey di Planetary Health Alliance organize, be international conference series wey start for 2017. E serve as global platform for advancing di Planetary Health field.

Di first meeting happen for Harvard University. Since den, di meetings don grow into major international gatherings wey bring together scientists, policymakers, healthcare professionals, educators, students and community leaders from more than 130 countries.

Di meetings dey rotate among different countries around di world. Previous hosts include United States (Harvard University 2017 and 2022; Stanford University 2019), Scotland (University of Edinburgh 2018), Brazil (University of São Paulo 2021, virtual), and Malaysia (Sunway University 2024). Dis approach show di alliance's commitment to geographical and cultural diversity as dem tackle planetary health challenges. Another meeting dey planned for October 2025 for Netherlands (Erasmus University).

Every annual meeting dey focus on important Planetary Health topics like climate change, biodiversity loss, food systems transformation, health equity and education.

Each meeting don produce important outcomes wey shape di Planetary Health field—from establishing foundational frameworks during di early meetings to di São Paulo Declaration on Planetary Health (2021) and di Kuala Lumpur Call to Action (2024), together with di launch of di Global Planetary Health Roadmap and Action Plan.

Through plenary sessions, research presentations, workshops and community engagement activities, these meetings don play major role in building capacity, strengthening collaboration and promoting practical solutions to planetary health challenges.

Comparison with other fields

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Planetary health get close relationship with plenty other fields and ways of thinking, including public health, environmental health, ecohealth, One Health, conservation medicine and international health. E too dey draw inspiration from both traditional and modern Indigenous knowledge systems from different parts of the world.[17]

Although different people dey define global health in different ways,[35] people generally see am as the health of populations for the global level. E focus on health problems and risks wey dey cross national borders, and e improve on the older idea of international health by putting more attention on achieving health equity for everybody.[36]

Some researchers believe say the idea of planetary health make the meaning of health too broad by trying to include almost everything under health.[37]

For one special issue of The Economist wey come out for 2014, Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet, write say global health no dey enough again to solve many of the challenges wey societies dey face because the field still too narrow. According to am, "Global health no fully consider the natural foundation wey human beings dey live on—the planet itself. E too no take into account the strength and weakness of human civilizations."[38]

For 2015, Judith Rodin, wey be president of the Rockefeller Foundation, declare planetary health as one new discipline under global health.[39]

For September 2024, the Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH) introduce one set of learning objectives for planetary health. Dem explain say future global health professionals need knowledge of planetary health science, interventions and communication.[40] CUGH also include planetary health for the updated edition of dia Global Health Competencies Toolkit.

For 2023, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics update the definition of environmental engineering by stating say environmental engineers use engineering disciplines to develop solutions to planetary health problems.[41]

For 2026, Daniel Oerther propose say the engineering profession should change its paramountcy clause to: "hold paramount the health, safety, and welfare of the public and the planet," to recognize say all forms of life dey interconnected.[42]

See also

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  • Planetary diet
  • Planetary integrity
  • Planetary management
  • Gaia hypothesis

References

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Further reading

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  1. ↑ Mago, Arpit; Dhali, Arkadeep; Kumar, Harendra; Maity, Rick; Kumar, Bharat (2024). "Planetary health and its relevance in the modern era: A topical review". SAGE Open Medicine (in English). 12 20503121241254231. doi:10.1177/20503121241254231. ISSN 2050-3121. PMC 11107315. PMID 38774741.
  2. ↑ Middleton, Jo; Cassell, Jackie A.; Colthart, Gavin; Dem, Francesca; Fairhead, James; Head, Michael G.; Inacio, Joao; Jimbudo, Mavis; Laman, Moses; Novotny, Vojtech; Peck, Mika; Philip, Jonah; Pomat, William; Sui, Shen; West-Oram, Peter (2020-11-01). "Rationale, experience and ethical considerations underpinning integrated actions to further global goals for health and land biodiversity in Papua New Guinea". Sustainability Science (in English). 15 (6): 1653–1664. Bibcode:2020SuSc...15.1653M. doi:10.1007/s11625-020-00805-x. hdl:10072/413428. ISSN 1862-4057.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Whitmee, Sarah (2015-11-14). "Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on planetary health". The Lancet. 386 (10007): 1973–2028. Bibcode:2015Lanc..386.1973W. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1. PMID 26188744. S2CID 21925353.
  4. ↑ Myers, Samuel; Frumkin, Howard (2020). Planetary health: protecting nature to protect ourselves. Washington: Island Press. ISBN 978-1-61091-966-1.
  5. ↑ Prescott, Susan L.; Logan, Alan C. (March 2019). "Planetary Health: From the Wellspring of Holistic Medicine to Personal and Public Health Imperative". Explore (in English). 15 (2): 98–106. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2018.09.002. PMID 30316687.
  6. ↑ Lovelock, J. E. (1986). Geophysiology: A new look at earth science. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 67(4), 392-397.
  7. ↑ Casassus, Barbara (November 2017). "Per Fugelli". The Lancet (in English). 390 (10107): 2032. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32737-X.
  8. ↑ Stappen, R.: Terramedizin und Master for Sustainable Development – Zwei Konzepte für innovative. Modellstudiengänge. In: Stadt-Umland-Perspektiven – Zukunftsfähige Regionen in Europa. 2000, ISBN 3-00-007218-7, S. 284–285.
  9. ↑ Lovelock, James E.; Lovelock, James E. (1991). Gaia, the practical science of planetary medicine. Gaia Original (1. publ ed.). London: Gaia Books. ISBN 978-1-85675-040-0.
  10. 1 2 Horton, Richard; Beaglehole, Robert; Bonita, Ruth; Raeburn, John; McKee, Martin (2014-03-06). "From public to planetary health: a manifesto". The Lancet. 383 (9920): 847. Bibcode:2014Lanc..383..847H. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60409-8. PMID 24607088. S2CID 29341866. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
  11. ↑ "Planetary Health Alliance". planetaryhealthalliance.org. Retrieved 2016-10-06.
  12. ↑ "Harvard University, Wildlife Conservation Society launch new 'Planetary Health Alliance' with support from The Rockefeller Foundation" (in American English). 2015-12-11. Retrieved 2016-10-06.
  13. ↑ "The Lancet Planetary Health | All Journal Issues | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier". www.sciencedirect.com (in American English). Archived from the original on 2023-04-24. Retrieved 2026-07-01.
  14. ↑ Report UN-Conference Stockholm+50: a healthy planet for the prosperity of all – our responsibility, our opportunityUnited Nations'
  15. ↑ "Declaration on Planetary Health". AFMC (in Canadian English). Retrieved 2024-11-14.
  16. ↑ "Constitution of WHO: principles". Archived from the original on April 19, 2015. Retrieved 2016-10-05.
  17. 1 2 Faerron Guzman, Carlos A.; Potter, Teddie, eds. (2021). Planetary Health Education Framework. Planetary Health Alliance (Report) (in American English). doi:10.5822/phef2021. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  18. ↑ Rockström, Johan (2009-09-04). "A safe operating space for humanity". Nature. 461 (7263): 472–475. Bibcode:2009Natur.461..472R. doi:10.1038/461472a. PMID 19779433. S2CID 205049746.
  19. ↑ Steffen, W. (2015-02-13). "Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet". Science. 347 (6223) 1259855. doi:10.1126/science.1259855. hdl:1885/13126. PMID 25592418.
  20. ↑ KNAW (2023). Planetary Health. An emerging field to be developed, Amsterdam
  21. ↑ KNAW:Longlist ofknowledge gaps in Planetary Health
  22. ↑ KNAW (2023). Planetary Health. An emerging field to be developed, p. 70 Amsterdam
  23. ↑ Global Environment Outlook 7: A future we choose – Why investing in Earth now can lead to a trillion-dollar benefit for all (in English). United Nations Environment Programme. 2025. ISBN 978-92-807-4246-6.
  24. ↑ "UN Report: Investing in planetary health would deliver higher GDP, fewer deaths, less poverty". www.unep.org (in English). 2025-12-09. Retrieved 2025-12-10.
  25. ↑ Demaio, Alessandro R; Rockström, Johan (2015). "Human and planetary health: towards a common language". The Lancet. 386 (10007): e36 – e37. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)61044-3. PMID 26188745. S2CID 40022076.
  26. ↑ Carrington, Damian (2019-01-16). "New plant-focused diet would 'transform' planet's future, say scientists". The Guardian (in British English). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
  27. ↑ Chaves, L.S.M., Fry, J., Malik, A. et al. Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk. Nat Commun 11, 1258 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14954-1
  28. ↑ Vidal, John (2020-03-18). "'Tip of the iceberg': is our destruction of nature responsible for Covid-19?". The Guardian (in British English). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-03-21.
  29. ↑ Robbins, Jim (2012-07-14). "The Ecology of Disease". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-03-21.
  30. ↑ Lupton, Deborah (2025-09-03). "Towards a digital planetary health perspective: generative AI and the digital determinants of health". Health Promotion International (in English). 40 (5) daaf153. doi:10.1093/heapro/daaf153. ISSN 0957-4824. PMC 12464675. PMID 41001915.
  31. ↑ Planetary Health Alliance:Hubs Terms of Reference. October 2022
  32. ↑ "Planetary health", Wikipedia (in English), 2024-11-15, retrieved 2024-11-15
  33. ↑ "PHA Regional Hubs". Planetary Health Alliance (in English). Retrieved 2024-11-15.
  34. ↑ The Planetary Health European Hub convening. 26–27 September 2022
  35. ↑ Koplan, Jeffrey P; Bond, T Christopher; Merson, Michael H; Reddy, K Srinath; Rodriguez, Mario Henry; Sewankambo, Nelson K; Wasserheit, Judith N (2009). "Towards a common definition of global health". The Lancet. 373 (9679): 1993–1995. Bibcode:2009Lanc..373.1993K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.610.7968. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60332-9. PMC 9905260. PMID 19493564. S2CID 6919716.
  36. ↑ Brown, Theodore M.; Cueto, Marcos; Fee, Elizabeth (2006-01-01). "The World Health Organization and the Transition From "International" to "Global" Public Health". American Journal of Public Health. 96 (1): 62–72. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 1470434. PMID 16322464.
  37. ↑ Roth, Steffen; Valentinov, Vladislav (2023). "Health beyond medicine. A planetary theory extension". Sociology of Health & Illness. 45 (2): 331–345. doi:10.1111/1467-9566.13578. PMID 36349423.
  38. ↑ "Planetary Health - Economist Intelligence Unit" (PDF). The Economist. 25 June 2014. p. 28. Archived from the original on 3 September 2019. Retrieved 2016-10-06.
  39. ↑ Rodin, Judith (2015-07-16). "Planetary Health: A New Discipline in Global Health". The Rockefeller Foundation. Retrieved 2016-10-06.
  40. ↑ Admin, CUGH (2024-09-05). "Planetary Health Learning Objectives (September 2024 Issue)". Consortium of Universities for Global Health (in American English). Retrieved 2024-11-18.
  41. ↑ Oerther, Daniel B.; Oerther, Sarah; Peters, Catherine A. (2024-01-18). "Environmental Engineers Solve Problems of Planetary Health". Environmental Engineering Science. 41 (1): 3–6. Bibcode:2024EEngS..41....3O. doi:10.1089/ees.2023.0301.
  42. ↑ Oerther, Daniel B. (2026-01-01). "Hold Paramount the Health, Safety, and Welfare of the Public and the Planet". Journal of Environmental Engineering. 152 (2) 01825002. doi:10.1061/JOEEDU.EEENG-8532.
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