Polio vaccine
| Subclass of | vaccine  |
|---|---|
| Year dem found am | 1952 |
| Publication date | 12 April 1955 |
| Discoverer or inventor | Jonas Salk |
| Vaccine for | poliomyelitis |
| Location of creation | University of Pittsburgh |
| WordLift URL | http://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/polio_vaccine__what_you_need_to_know |
Polio vaccine be a vaccine dem use to prevent poliomyelitis (polio).[1][2] Two types be used: an inactivated poliovirus wey be given by injection (IPV) den a weakened poliovirus wey be given by mouth (OPV).[1] De World Health Organization (WHO) dey recommend all kiddies be fully vaccinated against polio.[1] De two vaccines eliminate polio from chaw of de world,[3][4] wey dem reduce de number of cases reported each year from an estimated 350,000 insyd 1988 to 33 insyd 2018.[5][6]
De inactivated polio vaccines be very safe.[7] Mild redness anaa pain fi occur at de site of injection.[7] Oral polio vaccines dey cause about three cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis per million doses given.[7] Dis dey compare plus 5,000 cases per million wey be paralysed dey follow a polio infection.[8] Both types of vaccine generally be safe to give during pregnancy den insyd those wey get HIV/AIDS, buh be otherwise well.[7] However, de emergence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV), a form of de vaccine virus wey be reverted to causing poliomyelitis, lead to de development of novel oral polio vaccine type 2 (nOPV2), wich dey aim to make de vaccine safer den thus stop further outbreaks of cVDPV.[9]
Na de first successful demonstration of a polio vaccine be by Hilary Koprowski insyd 1950, plus a live attenuated virus wey people drink.[10] De vaccine no be approved for use insyd de United States, buh na e be used successfully elsewhere.[10] Na de success of an inactivated (killed) polio vaccine, wey Jonas Salk develop, be announced insyd 1955.[7][11] Anoda attenuated live oral polio vaccine, wey Albert Sabin develop, cam into commercial use insyd 1961.[7][12]
Polio vaccine dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13]
References
[edit | edit source]- 1 2 3 "Polio vaccines: WHO position paper – March, 2016". Weekly Epidemiological Record. 91 (12): 145–68. 2016. hdl:10665/254399. PMID 27039410.
- ↑ "Polio vaccines: WHO position paper – June 2022". Weekly Epidemiological Record. 97 (25): 277–300. 2022. hdl:10665/357168.
- ↑ Aylward RB (2006). "Eradicating polio: today's challenges and tomorrow's legacy". Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. 100 (5–6): 401–413. doi:10.1179/136485906X97354. PMID 16899145. S2CID 25327986.
- ↑ Schonberger LB, Kaplan J, Kim-Farley R, Moore M, Eddins DL, Hatch M (1984). "Control of paralytic poliomyelitis in the United States". Reviews of Infectious Diseases. 6 (Suppl 2): S424 – S426. doi:10.1093/clinids/6.Supplement_2.S424. PMID 6740085.
- ↑ "Global Wild Poliovirus 2014–2019" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
- ↑ "Does polio still exist? Is it curable?". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Polio vaccines: WHO position paper – March, 2016". Weekly Epidemiological Record. 91 (12): 145–68. 2016. hdl:10665/254399. PMID 27039410.
- ↑ "Poliomyelitis". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 18 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
- ↑ "GPEI-nOPV2". Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- 1 2 Fox M (20 April 2013). "Hilary Koprowski, Who Developed First Live-Virus Polio Vaccine, Dies at 96". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
- ↑ Bazin H (2011). Vaccination: A History. John Libbey Eurotext. p. 395. ISBN 978-2-7420-0775-2. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
- ↑ Smith DR, Leggat PA (2005). "Pioneering figures in medicine: Albert Bruce Sabin – inventor of the oral polio vaccine". The Kurume Medical Journal. 52 (3): 111–116. doi:10.2739/kurumemedj.52.111. PMID 16422178.
- ↑ The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2025. doi:10.2471/B09474. hdl:10665/382243. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Read further
[edit | edit source]- Ramsay M, ed. (2013). "Polio: the green book, chapter 26". Immunisation against infectious disease. London: Public Health England. Archived from the original on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
- Hall E, Wodi AP, Hamborsky J, Morelli V, Schillie S, eds. (2021). "Chapter 18: Poliomyelitis". Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (14th ed.). Washington D.C.: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
- Routh JA, Oberste MS, Patel M (2018). "Chapter 12: Poliomyelitis". In Roush SW, Baldy LM, Hall MH (eds.). Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- "Polio Vaccine Information Statement". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 24 July 2025.
- 'People and Discoveries: Salk Produces Polio Vaccine 1952' Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)
- Poliovirus Vaccines at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
