Jump to content

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

From Wikipedia
postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
rare disease, class of disease
Subclass ofheart conduction disease, genetic disease, Autoimmune disease, monogenic disease, orthostatic intolerance Edit
Health specialtyneurology, cardiology Edit
Drug or therapy used for treatmentbeta blocker, pyridostigmine, midodrine, fludrocortisone Edit
Genetic associationSLC6A2 Edit

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) be a condition wey be characterized by an abnormally large increase in heart rate upon sitting up anaa standing.[1] POTS insyd adults be characterized by a heart rate increase of 30 beats per minute within ten minutes of standing up, wey be accompanied by oda symptoms.[1] Na dis increased heart rate for occur insyd de absence of orthostatic hypotension (>20 mm Hg drop insyd systolic blood pressure)[2] to be considered POTS. POTS be a disorder of de autonomic nervous system wey fi lead to a variety of symptoms, wey dey include lightheadedness, brain fog, blurred vision, weakness, fatigue, headaches, heart palpitations, exercise intolerance, nausea, difficulty concentrating, tremulousness (shaking), syncope (fainting), coldness, pain anaa numbness insyd de extremities, chest pain, den shortness of breath.[1][3][4][5] Chaw symptoms be worsened plus postural changes, especially standing up. Dem fi treat POTS symptoms olus lifestyle changes such as increasing fluid, electrolyte, den salt intake, wearing compression stockings, slowing down postural changes, exercise, medication, den physical therapy.

De causes of POTS be varied.[6] Insyd sam cases, e dey develop after a viral infection, surgery, trauma, autoimmune disease, anaa pregnancy.[7] E sanso be shown to emerge insyd previously healthy patients after contracting COVID-19,[8][9][10] insyd people plus Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition),[11] anaa possibly insyd rare cases after COVID-19 vaccination, though causative evidence be limited wey na further study be needed.[12] POTS be more common among people wey dem get infected plus SARS-CoV-2 dan among those wey dem get vaccinated against COVID-19.[13] About 30% of severely infected patients plus long COVID get POTS. Risk factors dey include a family history of de condition.[1]

Treatment fi include:

  • avoiding factors wey dey bring on symptoms,
  • increasing dietary salt den water,[14]
  • small den frequent meals,[15]
  • avoidance of immobilization,[15]
  • wearing compression stockings, den
  • medication.[1][16][17][18]

Medications dem use fi include:

Na more dan 50% of patients wey dema condition be triggered by a viral infection get better within five years.[7] About 80% of patients get symptomatic improvement plus treatment, while 25% be so disabled wey dem be unable to work.[7] Na a retrospective study on patients plus adolescent-onset show say five years after diagnosis, na 19% of patients get full resolution of symptoms.[23]

Na dem estimat say 1–3 million people insyd de United States get POTS.[24] De average age for POTS onset be 20, wey na e dey occur about five times more frequently insyd females dan insyd males.[1]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Benarroch EE (December 2012). "Postural tachycardia syndrome: a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 87 (12): 1214–1225. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.08.013. PMC 3547546. PMID 23122672.
  2. ↑ Sheldon RS, Grubb BP, Olshansky B, Shen WK, Calkins H, Brignole M, et al. (June 2015). "2015 heart rhythm society expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope". Heart Rhythm. 12 (6): e41 – e63. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.03.029. PMC 5267948. PMID 25980576.
  3. ↑ Wells R, Paterson F, Bacchi S, Page A, Baumert M, Lau DH (June 2020). "Brain fog in postural tachycardia syndrome: An objective cerebral blood flow and neurocognitive analysis". Journal of Arrhythmia. 36 (3): 549–552. doi:10.1002/joa3.12325. PMC 7280003. PMID 32528589.
  4. ↑ Ross AJ, Medow MS, Rowe PC, Stewart JM (December 2013). "What is brain fog? An evaluation of the symptom in postural tachycardia syndrome". Clinical Autonomic Research. 23 (6): 305–311. doi:10.1007/s10286-013-0212-z. PMC 3896080. PMID 23999934.
  5. ↑ Vernino, Steven; Bourne, Kate M.; Stiles, Lauren E.; Grubb, Blair P.; Fedorowski, Artur; Stewart, Julian M.; Arnold, Amy C.; Pace, Laura A.; Axelsson, Jonas; Boris, Jeffrey R.; Moak, Jeffrey P.; Goodman, Brent P.; Chémali, Kamal R.; Chung, Tae H.; Goldstein, David S. (November 2021). "Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS): State of the science and clinical care from a 2019 National Institutes of Health Expert Consensus Meeting - Part 1". Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical. 235 102828. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102828. ISSN 1566-0702. PMC 8455420. PMID 34144933.
  6. ↑ Ferri FF (2016). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1 (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1019.e2. ISBN 978-0-323-44838-3. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Grubb BP (May 2008). "Postural tachycardia syndrome". Circulation. 117 (21): 2814–2817. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.761643. PMID 18506020.
  8. ↑ Raj SR, Arnold AC, Barboi A, Claydon VE, Limberg JK, Lucci VM, et al. (June 2021). "Long-COVID postural tachycardia syndrome: an American Autonomic Society statement". Clinical Autonomic Research. 31 (3): 365–368. doi:10.1007/s10286-021-00798-2. PMC 7976723. PMID 33740207.
  9. ↑ Blitshteyn S, Whitelaw S (April 2021). "Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and other autonomic disorders after COVID-19 infection: a case series of 20 patients". Immunologic Research. 69 (2): 205–211. doi:10.1007/s12026-021-09185-5. PMC 8009458. PMID 33786700.
  10. ↑ Ormiston, Cameron K.; Świątkiewicz, Iwona; Taub, Pam R. (2022-11-01). "Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome as a sequela of COVID-19". Heart Rhythm. 19 (11): 1880–1889. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.07.014. ISSN 1547-5271. PMC 9287587. PMID 35853576.
  11. ↑ Svensson, Annie; Svensson-Raskh, Anna; Holmström, Linda (28 August 2024). "Individually tailored exercise in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome related to post-COVID-19 condition – a feasibility study". Scientific Reports. 14 (1): 20017. Bibcode:2024NatSR..1420017S. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-71055-5. PMC 11358431. PMID 39198662.
  12. ↑ Blitshteyn S, Fedorowski A (12 December 2022). "The risks of POTS after COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection: it's worth a shot". Nature Cardiovascular Research (in English). 1 (12): 1119–1120. doi:10.1038/s44161-022-00180-z. ISSN 2731-0590. PMID 39196162. S2CID 254617706.
  13. ↑ Yong SJ, Halim A, Liu S, Halim M, Alshehri AA, Alshahrani MA, Alshahrani MM, Alfaraj AH, Alburaiky LM, Khamis F, Muzaheed, AlShehail BM, Alfaresi M, Al Azmi R, Albayat H, Al Kaabi NA, Alhajri M, Al Amri KA, Alsalman J, Algosaibi SA, Al Fares MA, Almanaa TN, Almutawif YA, Mohapatra RK, Rabaan AA (November 2023). "Pooled rates and demographics of POTS following SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 vaccination: Systematic review and meta-analysis". Auton Neurosci. 250 103132. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103132. PMID 38000119. S2CID 265383080.
  14. ↑ Park, Jaehyeon; Tenegra, Johnny (December 2021). "In adults with POTS, are salt tablets and oral hydration more effective for reducing symptoms than oral hydration alone?". Evidence-Based Practice (in American English). 24 (12): 26. doi:10.1097/EBP.0000000000001267. ISSN 2473-3717.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Fedorowski A (April 2019). "Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: clinical presentation, aetiology and management". Journal of Internal Medicine. 285 (4): 352–366. doi:10.1111/joim.12852. PMID 30372565.
  16. ↑ Raj SR (June 2013). "Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS)". Circulation. 127 (23): 2336–2342. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.144501. PMC 3756553. PMID 23753844.
  17. ↑ Raj SR, Guzman JC, Harvey P, Richer L, Schondorf R, Seifer C, et al. (March 2020). "Canadian Cardiovascular Society Position Statement on Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) and Related Disorders of Chronic Orthostatic Intolerance". The Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 36 (3): 357–372. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2019.12.024. PMID 32145864.
  18. ↑ Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Bruce BK, Chelimsky G, Driscoll SW, Harbeck-Weber C, et al. (2014). "Adolescent fatigue, POTS, and recovery: a guide for clinicians". Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care. 44 (5): 108–133. doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.12.014. PMC 5819886. PMID 24819031.
  19. ↑ Thieben MJ, Sandroni P, Sletten DM, Benrud-Larson LM, Fealey RD, Vernino S, et al. (March 2007). "Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: the Mayo clinic experience". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 82 (3): 308–313. doi:10.4065/82.3.308. PMID 17352367.
  20. ↑ Kanjwal K, Karabin B, Sheikh M, Elmer L, Kanjwal Y, Saeed B, Grubb BP (June 2011). "Pyridostigmine in the treatment of postural orthostatic tachycardia: a single-center experience". Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 34 (6): 750–755. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03047.x. PMID 21410722. S2CID 20405336.
  21. ↑ Chen L, Wang L, Sun J, Qin J, Tang C, Jin H, Du J (2011). "Midodrine hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome". Circulation Journal. 75 (4): 927–931. doi:10.1253/circj.CJ-10-0514. PMID 21301135.
  22. ↑ Tahir F, Arif T, Majid Z, Ahmed J, Khalid M (2020). "Ivabradine in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of the Literature". Cureus. 12 (4) e7868. doi:10.7759/cureus.7868. PMC 7255540. PMID 32489723.
  23. ↑ Bhatia R, Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Killian JM, Kimmes SA, Knoebel EE, et al. (June 2016). "Outcomes of Adolescent-Onset Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome". The Journal of Pediatrics. 173: 149–153. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.035. PMID 26979650.
  24. ↑ "Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)". Johns Hopkins Medicine. 21 December 2022. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved November 13, 2023.
[edit | edit source]
Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Postural_orthostatic_tachycardia_syndrome&oldid=81283"