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Renal cell cancer

From Wikipedia
renal cell carcinoma
class of disease
Subclass ofrenal carcinoma, disease Edit
Health specialtyoncology Edit
Genetic associationZEB2, PDZD2, EPAS1, SCARB1, RBM10 Edit

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) be a kidney cancer wey dey originate insyd de lining of de proximal convoluted tubule, a part of de very small tubes insyd de kidney wey dey transport primary urine. RCC be de most common type of kidney cancer insyd adults, responsible for approximately 90–95% of cases.[1] E be more common insyd men (plus a male-to-female ratio of up to 2:1).[2] E be most commonly diagnosed insyd de elderly (especially insyd people over 75 years of age).[3]

Initial treatment be most commonly either partial anaa complete removal of de affected kidney(s).[4] Wer de cancer no be metastasised (spread to oda organs) anaa burrowed deeper into de tissues of de kidney, de five-year survival rate be 65–90%,[5] buh dis be lowered considerably wen na de cancer spread.

De body be remarkably good at hiding de symptoms den as a result people plus RCC often get advanced disease by de time e be discovered.[6] De initial symptoms of RCC often dey include blood insyd de urine (wey dey occur insyd 40% of affected persons at de time dem first seek medical attention), flank pain (40%), a mass insyd de abdomen anaa flank (25%), weight loss (33%), fever (20%), high blood pressure (20%), night sweats den generally feeling unwell.[1] Wen RCC dey metastasise, e most commonly dey spread to de lymph nodes, lungs, liver, adrenal glands, brain anaa bones.[7] Immunotherapy den targeted therapy improve de outlook for metastatic RCC.[8][9]

RCC sanso be associated plus a number of paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) wich be conditions wey be caused by either de hormones produced by de tumour anaa by de body ein attack on de tumour den be present insyd about 20% of those plus RCC.[1] Dese syndromes most commonly dey affect tissues wich no be invaded by de cancer.[1] De most common PNSs dem see insyd people plus RCC be: high blood calcium levels, high red blood cell count, high platelet count den secondary amyloidosis.[7]

References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 Curti, B; Jana, BRP; Javeed, M; Makhoul, I; Sachdeva, K; Hu, W; Perry, M; Talavera, F (26 February 2014). Harris, JE (ed.). "Renal Cell Carcinoma". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
  2. ↑ EAU Guidelines: Renal Cell Carcinoma – limited update March 2023 (PDF). European Association of Urology. 2023. ISBN 978-94-92671-19-6.
  3. ↑ Znaor A, Lortet-Tieulent J, Laversanne M, Jemal A, Bray F (March 2015). "International variations and trends in renal cell carcinoma incidence and mortality". European Urology. 67 (3): 519–30. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.002. PMID 25449206.
  4. ↑ Rini BI, Rathmell WK, Godley P (2008). "Renal cell carcinoma". Curr Opin Oncol. 20 (3): 300–6. doi:10.1097/CCO.0b013e3282f9782b. PMID 18391630.
  5. ↑ "Kidney cancer". nhs.uk. 2017-10-23. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
  6. ↑ Fausto, V; Abbas, A; Fausto, N (2004). Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of disease (7th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
  7. 1 2 Master, VA (November 2013). "Renal Cell Carcinoma". Merck Manual Professional. Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
  8. ↑ Singer, Eric A.; Gupta, Gopal N.; Marchalik, Daniel; Srinivasan, Ramaprasad (2013). "Evolving therapeutic targets in renal cell carcinoma". Current Opinion in Oncology. 25 (3): 273–80. doi:10.1097/CCO.0b013e32835fc857. PMID 23455028. S2CID 11526724.
  9. ↑ Syn, Nicholas L; Teng, Michele W L; Mok, Tony S K; Soo, Ross A (2017). "De-novo and acquired resistance to immune checkpoint targeting". The Lancet Oncology (in English). 18 (12): e731 – e741. doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30607-1. PMID 29208439.
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