Jump to content

Rufiji River

From Wikipedia
Rufiji River
river, stream
Native labelRufiji Edit
Mouth of the watercourseIndian Ocean Edit
TributaryGreat Ruaha River, Ulanga River, Beho-Beho Edit
CountryTanzania Edit
Edey de administrative territorial entity insydPwani Region Edit
Coordinate location8°0′0″S 39°20′0″E, 8°31′17″S 37°20′33″E, 7°45′26″S 39°21′50″E, 7°55′2″S 39°16′2″E Edit

De Rufiji River dey lie entirely within Tanzania. E be largest den longest river for de country insyd, wey de confluence of de Kilombero den de Luwegu river form am. E dey approximately 600 kilometres (370 mi) long, plus a source for southwestern Tanzania insyd, wey e terminate at de Indian Ocean, opposite Mafia Island, for Pwani Region insyd. Ein principal tributary be de Great Ruaha River. E dey navigable give approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi).

De Rufiji river dey approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Dar es Salaam. De river ein delta dey contain de largest mangrove forest for eastern Africa insyd.[1]

History

[edit | edit source]

A branch of ancient sea routes lead down de East African coast wey dem bell "Azania" by de Greeks den Romans for de 1st century CE insyd as dem describe for de Periplus of de Erythraean Sea insyd (den, very probably, Chinese: 澤散 for de 3rd century insyd by de Chinese),[2] at least as far as de port dem know to de Romans as Rhapta, wey dem probably locate for de delta of de Rufiji River insyd for modern Tanzania insyd.[3]

During de First World War, from October 1914 to July 1915, de river delta be de scene of a protracted naval operation. Dem be de attempts, den later achievement, by de Royal Navy to neutralize den destroy de German cruiser Königsberg.

Basin

[edit | edit source]

De catchment basin give de Rufiji River complex be 177,429 square kilometres (68,506 sq mi).[4]

Rufiji Basin catchment area
River Area

km2

 Percentage

of area

 Percentage

of run-off

Great Ruaha     83,970 47 15
Kilombero 39,990 23 62
Luwegu 26,300 15 18
Rufiji (lower river) 27,160 15 5
Total      177,429 100 100

Hydroelectric Project

[edit | edit source]

Tanzania presido John Magufuli approve de construction of a controversial[5][6] new dam den power station for de river top at Stiegler ein Gorge.[7] Dem expect de power station to provide 2,100 megawatts of electricity, more dan triple Tanzania ein existing hydropower of 562 megawatts.[8] Construction of de dam start for July 26, 2019 top, den dem expect am to be ready by 2022.[9]

[edit | edit source]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ↑ ""Downstream and Coastal Impacts of Damming and Water Abstraction in Africa", Environmental Management, authored by Maria Snoussi, Johnson Kitheka, Yohanna Shaghude, Alioune Kane, Russell Arthurton, Martin Le Tissier, and Hassan Virji, 2007, volume 39, page 589" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-21. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  2. ↑ "The Peoples of the West". from the Weilue 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢. Translated by Hill, John E. University of Washington. September 2004. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
  3. ↑ "The Egypto-Graeco-Romans and Panchea/Azania: sailing in the Erythraean Sea." Felix A. Chami. In: Society for Arabian Studies Monographs 2 Trade and Travel in the Red Sea Region. Proceedings of Red Sea Project I held in the British Museum October 2002, pp. 93-104. Edited by Paul Lunde and Alexandra Porter. ISBN 1-84171-622-7.
  4. ↑ Arvidson, Anders; et al. (May 2009). "Initial Assessment of Socioeconomic and Environmental Risks and Opportunities of Large-scale Biofuels Production in the Rufiji District" (PDF). SEKAB BioEnergy (T) Ltd. p. 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-10. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  5. ↑ Hoag, Heather J.; Öhman, May-Britt (2008). "Turning water into power: Debates over the Development of Tanzania's Rufiji River Basin, 1945-1985". Technology and Culture. 49 (3): 624–651. doi:10.1353/tech.0.0061. PMID 18831291. S2CID 27222691.
  6. ↑ Siderius, Christian; et al. (2021). "Chapter 6: High Stakes Decisions Under Uncertainty: Dams, Development and Climate Change in the Rufiji River Basin". In Conway, Declan; Vincent, Katharine (eds.). Climate Risk in Africa: Adaptation and Resilience (PDF). Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillian. pp. 93–113. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61160-6_6. ISBN 978-3-030-61159-0. S2CID 234340454.
  7. ↑ "Tanzania to Construct Hydropower Plant on National Reserve". Voice of America. July 26, 2019.
  8. ↑ Tairo, Apolinari (July 26, 2019). "Tanzania launches Rufiji power plant". The EastAfrican.
  9. ↑ Takouleu, Jean Marie (24 July 2019). "Stiegler's Gorge dam construction begins on July 26". Afrik 21. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019.

Read further

[edit | edit source]
  • Chami, F. A. 1999. "The Early Iron Age on Mafia island and its relationship with the mainland." Azania Vol. XXXIV 1999, pp. 1–10.
  • Chami, Felix A. 2002. "The Egypto-Graeco-Romans and Panchea/Azania: sailing in the Erythraean Sea." In: Society for Arabian Studies Monographs 2 Trade and Travel in the Red Sea Region. Proceedings of Red Sea Project I held in the British Museum October 2002, pp. 93–104. Edited by Paul Lunde and Alexandra Porter. ISBN 1-84171-622-7.
  • Miller, J. Innes. 1969. Chapter 8: "The Cinnamon Route". In: The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire. Oxford: University Press. ISBN 0-19-814264-1
  • Ray, Himanshu Prabha, ed. 1999. Archaeology of Seafaring: The Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period. Pragati Publications, Delhi.
[edit | edit source]
Dem retrieve am from "https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rufiji_River&oldid=105105"